We read all the lead to present a different history.
1, Shang Martingale: five horses divided into corpses
Shang Martingale (c. 390 BC – 338 BC), han Chinese, a native of the Warring States period weiguo (in the area of Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County, Anyang, Henan Province), was a politician, thinker, and representative of famous jurists. Ji surname, Wei clan, name Wei martingale. Because Wei Martingale was originally a member of the Weiguo Gong clan, it was also called Gongsun Martingale. Later sealed in the Shang, posterity called the Shang Martingale. At the request of Qin Xiaogong, he ordered Qin to enter Qin and persuade Qin Xiaogong to change the law and become stronger. After The death of Duke Xiao, he was slandered by the nobles and jealous of King Huiwen of Qin, and the car split and died. In the ten years of qin's reign, the Qin state ruled, known in history as the "Shang Martingale Transformation Law", and made the Qin state above the Six Kingdoms for a long time, but finally died of his own law.
Shang Martingale is a person with ideals and ambitions. To a large extent, his change of law has produced profound changes to the political, military, and economic system of the Qin state, enabling the Qin state to become the most powerful country at that time, unifying the 6 countries, ending the situation of division at that time, and promoting history. From an economic point of view, Shang Martin's abolition of the well field system to develop land also played a role in promoting history, but he implemented a harsh decree in order to smoothly implement the change law, which can be said to have bought hidden dangers for the demise of the Qin state. In the end, the body was split by five horses by the car and had to be said to be really miserable.
2. Han Feizi: Poisoned
Han Fei was the master of the pre-Qin legalist thought. Its rule of law ideology adapted to the historical environment of the chaotic era at the end of the Warring States period and contributed to the unification of China by the Qin Dynasty. "Governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law" is the strategy for governing the country put forward by the CPC Central Committee, and it is also the goal of building a socialist country with Chinese characteristics in the first half of the 21 st century. Han Fei's idea of the rule of law was a governing ideology formed in the situation when the etiquette system was seriously damaged at the end of the Warring States period. The idea of "taking law as the core and combining law, technology and potential" has transformed the traditional legal culture and has practical and targeted guiding significance for the construction of the rule of law in modern China. In the process of commenting, revealing, and criticizing Han's non-rule of law thinking, we should implement the rule of law requirements of "having laws to follow, laws to follow, law enforcement to be strict, and violations of the law to be investigated," which will have a far-reaching impact on China's administrative construction and rule of law construction.
Han Fei was framed by Li Si, and Qin Shi Huang ordered him to be poisoned, and afterwards Qin Shi Huang regretted it very much, and later the Qin Dynasty adopted Han Feizi's legal ideology to govern the country.
3. Han Xin: It is said that he was beaten to death
Han Xin helped Liu Bang fight in Jiangshan and chase xiang Yu, and when he reached Xingyang, he did not leave according to the soldiers. Liu Bang didn't know what was going on and went to ask Xiao He, and Xiao He said, "He is asking for a seal." When Liu Bang immediately named Han Xin the "King of Sanqi", that is, qi with the heavenly king, qi with the earth king, and qi with the king. He was also given the title of "Five Immortals", that is, to see the heavens do not die, to see the earth does not die, to see the king does not die, there is no rope to bind him, there is no knife to kill him. Han Xin then went after Xiang Yu and defeated Xiang Yu and laid the foundation for Liu Bang. After Liu Bang sat in Jiangshan, he was afraid that Han Xin's power was great and he had suppressed his own world, so he wanted to kill Han Xin, but he personally sealed Han Xin's "Three Qi King" and "Five Immortals", how to kill him? He thought of a way to kill Han Xin and told Lü Hou.
Lü Hou summoned Han Xin into the palace and said to Han Xin, "You have committed the crime of treason, and the king told me to kill you." Han Xin said, "That's not okay, the king has sealed me five immortals, and I have to talk to the king about this matter to my face." Lü Hou said, "Hum, you can't see the king anymore, do you see where you've come?" Han Xin looked at the gloomy surroundings, looked up at the roof tightly covered and couldn't see a trace of the sky, looked down at the blanket on the ground, couldn't see a little bit, and couldn't see the king, and his heart couldn't help but cry bitterly. Without waiting for Han Xin to distinguish, Lü Hou said, "The king has made you 'five immortals', and we have all done as the king wants." I know you still have to say: there is no rope to tie you, no knife to kill you, we don't use this. After saying that, with a wave of his hand, dozens of palace women on both sides each held sticks and hammers, rushed up, surrounded by groups, and beat Han Xin to death.
4. Yue Fei: "Poisoned wine" and died or was hanged
Murdered at Dali Temple. Yue Fei joined the army at the age of 20 to resist jin. On December 29, the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1141), Qin Ju punished Yue Fei for "doing nothing for nothing" (is there no such thing), and was killed by a jailer in the prison of Lin'an Dali Temple(slamed on the ribs of the chest), and there are two theories that "give poisoned wine" and died and was hanged. There is no detailed record of Yue Fei's death in the main history. Yue Fei was killed in prison at Dali Temple (there is no record of "Fengbo Pavilion" in Song Dynasty historical records) at the age of 39; Yue Yun and Zhang Xian were beheaded. Yue Fei's confession left only eight words: "Tianri Zhao Zhao, Tian Ri Zhao Zhao!" When the news of Yue Fei's death came out, the people wept over it; the news reached the Golden Kingdom, and the ministers of the Golden Kingdom drank wine to celebrate it, and said: "The peace talks have been firm since then!" ”
5. Liu Bowen: chronic poisoning
When Liu Bowen was in Nanjing, Hu Weiyong sent a doctor to deliver medicine for Liu Bowen's diagnosis, but after Liu Bowen took his medicine, his condition worsened. Therefore, at that time, people suspected that Liu Bowen was poisoned to death by Hu Weiyong. In 139 years after his death, that is, in the ninth year of Emperor Zhengde of Mingwu (1514), he was posthumously given the title of Taishi (太師) and given the courtesy name Wencheng (文成), so his descendants also called him Liu Wencheng. It is said that before Liu Bowen's death, he predicted that Hu Weiyong would be defeated, and then Ming Taizu would rehabilitate himself, and he also left a secret note to his son, asking him to play it again when Ming Taizu remembered him in the future. Five years later, Hu Weiyong did fall. After another 10 years, Liu Bowen was indeed rehabilitated. Ming Taizu also gave the Liu family a golden book iron coupon, which specially approved the members of the Liu family to be exempted from a capital crime.
6. Fang Xiaoru: Ling Chi, exterminate the Ten Tribes
There have been many tragic deaths in history, the most tragic of which is the Zhulian Nine Tribes, involving a wide range of aspects, it can be said that the whole clan has almost been wiped out. However, in the long river of the history of the Ming Dynasty, there was such a person who was cursed by the Ten Tribes, he was also a famous literati and scholars, his name was Fang Xiaoru, and he was also the most tragic person in the history of the Ming Dynasty, and there was no one.
According to the "Biography of Ming Shi Fang Xiaoru": "Filial piety has a brother and filial piety, mechanics are dedicated, and filial piety dies first." The younger brother and the filial piety died together, and also gave a chapter of the poem and died. His wife Zheng and his second sons, Zhongxian and Zhongyu, died first, and the second daughter died in Qinhuaihe. Obviously, he was a loyal vassal of a generation, but he ended up like this, Fang Xiaoru's wife Zheng Shi and his two sons Fang Zhongxian and Fang Zhongyue were hanged, and the two daughters threw themselves into the Qinhuai River and died. Not only family members, but also other relatives and friends were all arrested and killed, and some even deliberately killed Fang Xiaoru with a thousand knives in front of him. Fang Xiaoru heard those news, saw the relatives who died in front of him, still unmoved, even if all the people died, or their own backbone dignity is greater than everything, and also made a desperate poem, only when he saw his brother did he shed tears, when it was really the history of the hearers being sad and the listeners crying. The operation of the Zhulian Ten Clan lasted for many days, killing 873 people, so many innocent people with the surname Fang who also suffered from it, in addition to the army, more than a thousand people were exiled. The involvement was very wide, and it could be seen how angry the Yan King was, as well as Fang Xiaoru's stubbornness of never bowing his head. All of them died, and in the end, Fang Xiaoru was killed by Ling Chi. The Zhulian Ten Clan can be said to be unprecedented, a loyal courtier who did not accept defeat, along with all the people who were connected around him, was wiped out in such a clean way, and the means were really extremely cruel.
The historical Wen Tianxiang was also a person who did not bow his head until he died, but he only involved his wife and daughter at that time, and the severity was incomparable with Fang Xiaoru's. It can be said that Fang Xiaoru is indeed a bit rigid and stubborn, for his loyalty and backbone, sacrificed everyone at all costs, the author thinks it is a bit stupid, the so-called stay in the green mountains without worrying about firewood. However, this incomparably tough dignity can deeply touch people's hearts, although the degree is a bit excessive, but his persistence and spirit of not accepting defeat are undoubtedly worth learning from future generations.
7. Yuan Chonghuan: Ling Chi
Yuan Chonghuan's death was mainly due to two reasons, the first was that he was involved in the party struggle, Wei Zhongxian Yu Dang and Mao Wenlong's old department impeached him for killing Mao Wenlong, negotiating peace with Qing Yan, and being enemies of the city; the second was that gong gao zhen lord, his prestige in the Guanning army was really terrible for an emperor, the third was that Chongzhen's personality was really suspicious and mean, and the fourth reason was that the Qing army surrounded the capital by surprise attack, and Yuan Chonghuan was bound to be responsible for this matter, and these four reasons were superimposed. Yuan Chonghuan's case dragged on for seven or eight months, and at the end he did not come up with any conclusive and convincing evidence, plus many courtiers ran for him and cried out for him, plus there were even those who were willing to die on his behalf.
In addition, there is an interesting story, liang Yandong, the soldier who originally handled this case, was going to cut yuan Chonghuan all over the door, and Yu Dacheng went to see Liang and said: "Where did Yuan Chonghuan's crime come from?" Wouldn't it be the enemy attacking and besieging Beijing? I regard Shangshu as having repeatedly served six terms, and none of the people who sat in the army were fully retreated, and now Yuan was incompetent, so he was sentenced to death, and then the enemy besieged Beijing, and the three clans of Gu Gongzhi were first gu. Liang Yandong was probably frightened, so he and Wen Tiren reduced Yuan Chonghuan's criminal responsibility so as not to cause harm to the three tribes.