No one can succeed casually, and neither can Nurhaci. Just as Genghis Khan did not replace the Southern Song Dynasty in establishing the Yuan Dynasty, Nurhaci did not replace the Ming Dynasty in establishing the Qing Dynasty. Nurhaci only established Houjin, who was the Great Khan of Houjin. Genghis Khan also only established the Mongol Empire, and he was the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
But it is undeniable that Nurhaci was quite successful. So is his success a coincidence or for some other reason? No one's success would be a coincidence, and there was a little luck in addition to the effort.
Nurhaci was good at handling the relationship between the Ming Dynasty and the Jurchens.
At that time, the Ming Dynasty had jurisdiction over the Liaodong region. Nurhaci also accepted the official title of the Ming Dynasty in a serious way, so strictly speaking, Nurhaci was an official of the Ming Dynasty.
However, his identity is still relatively special, because he is also the leader of the Jurchen tribe, and his leader is not easy to come by. Because his grandfather and father were initially killed by the Ming Army and other Jurchens, Nurhaci became a wanderer for a time.
But what makes him smart is that he's good at dealing with people. He understood that the Ming Dynasty was incomparably powerful, and if he wanted to complete the heavy task of unifying the Jurchens, he must rely on the strength of the Ming Dynasty.
Love Shin Kyora Nurhaci
To this end, Through his efforts, Nurhaci opened up a channel of communication with Li Chengliang, the general of the Liaodong Army of the Ming Dynasty. Li Chengliang was the highest official in the Liaodong region, and he had an absolute say in Liaodong, including the entire Jurchens.
Based on this principle, when Nurhaci expanded his strength among the Jurchen tribes, Li Chengliang also turned a blind eye. As long as the benefits are enough, Li Chengliang will not talk much.
At the same time, Nurhaci is constantly growing his power. Especially when dealing with the other Jurchen chiefs, Nurhaci showed no mercy.
After unifying the entire Jianzhou Jurchens, Nurhaci set his sights on the Yehe Jurchens and Haixi Jurchens, who were relatively powerful at that time. Because only by merging these two large tribes can the unity of the Jurchen clan be truly realized.
This was a rather difficult thing to do, especially when dealing with Yehe Jurchen, Nurhaci suffered heavy losses and almost lost the capital to compete for the world. But unification is an inevitable process, and only by concentrating all his power in his own hands can Nurhaci have the ability to compete with the powerful Ming Dynasty.
Nurhaci was unable to take down the Ming Dynasty until his death, and his son Dorgon helped him fulfill his dream.
After the destruction of the Yehe Jurchens and the Haixi Jurchens, Nurhaci swept through hundreds of small tribes, large and small, and finally unified the entire Jurchen clan. At this time, Nurhaci established the eight flags system to facilitate military management.
He always had a dream, and that was to challenge the huge Ming Dynasty. The strength of the Ming Dynasty was too strong, and Nurhaci would never do it until he was fully sure.
Shulhazi was seduced by the Ming Dynasty and almost became an opponent in the struggle for power with Nurhaci. After the death of his younger brother Shulhazi, Nurhaci understood that it was impossible for the Ming Dynasty to continue to exist without watching the powerful Jurchens continue to exist. So Nurhaci decisively launched a war against the Ming Dynasty.
After the famous Seven Great Hates were released, Nurhaci began to march into the territory of the Ming Dynasty. The successive loss of Shenyang and other places outside the Guanxi shows that Nurhaci's military strength is very strong.
At this time, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty was the Chongzhen Emperor, who appointed Yuan Chonghuan to guard Liaodong. Yuan Chonghuan injured Nurhaci with a cannon. It didn't take long for Nurhaci himself to die.
Yuan Chonghuan
Before his death, he did not forget the war with the Ming Dynasty. That is to say, Nurhaci has been trying to unify the Jurchen tribe all his life, and has not set foot in the Central Plains for half a step. After his son Emperor Taiji succeeded to the throne, he inherited Nurhaci's legacy and launched several attacks, only to be repelled by Yuan Chonghuan. Until they came up with a counter-plan, and finally the Chongzhen Emperor executed Yuan Chonghuan.
The Ming Dynasty, which self-destructed the Great Wall, finally tasted the pain of defeat and withdrew all its troops into Shanhaiguan to strictly guard Shanhaiguan. However, Huang Taiji did not lay down the Mountain Customs and died.
After Dorgon came to power, he inherited the legacy of his father and brother. While assisting the Shunzhi Emperor Fu Lin to ascend the throne, he began to prepare for the entrance to the customs. Coinciding with Li Zicheng's capture of the capital, Dorgon rebelled against Wu Sangui in the context of internal and external troubles in the Ming Dynasty, and only then did he successfully enter the customs.
The Qing Dynasty dominated the world, and it was not as simple as luck.
After two generations of three monarchs, the Qing army finally entered Shanhaiguan. Nurhaci established the Later Jin Khanate, unifying the Jurchen tribes. Emperor Taiji established the Qing Empire and pushed the battle line to the gate of Shanhaiguan. Dorgon led the Qing army into the customs and completed the great cause of unifying the world.
In fact, it is a very difficult thing for the Qing army to be able to unify the world. Because they were not prepared to unify the world at all, and only planned to occupy the northern region, the Ming Dynasty itself did not fight for anger, so they gave the Qing army this opportunity.
Lee Zi-cheng
First of all, the rebel armies of Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong and others were too rampant. In particular, Li Zicheng's army directly destroyed the Ming Dynasty, but they were not opponents of the Qing army and the Guanning Iron Horse, so they did not defend Shanhaiguan.
Secondly, the generals of the Ming Dynasty were self-respecting one by one, and they had ghost fetuses in their hearts. They think that when the time comes for the world to strife again, they have no bottom in the end who kills the deer. However, he has a heavy army and can at least become a local prince. For example, Zuo Liangyu, Zheng Zhilong and others, they did not intend to save the Ming Dynasty, but just waited and watched.
In addition, the Qing army received the help of a large number of defective soldiers. The Qing army had never set foot in the Central Plains, so it was difficult to enter the customs by relying on them alone to have a copy of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in their hands. At this time, those soldiers who surrendered to them became the best guides.
Zhu Youjian
With these sufficient conditions, the Qing army completely possessed the ability and foundation to unify the world. And all this is not only caused by luck, if the Qing army itself is not strong enough, it is impossible to meet these conditions at the same time.
If personnel are not repaired, the rule of the Ming Dynasty will inevitably end.
The foundation of the Ming Dynasty was very good, with a huge territory, a solid economic foundation, and many people. However, such a huge empire could not resist the pace of replacement by the Qing Dynasty.
From the middle and late Wanli to the last years of Chongzhen, the officials of the Ming Dynasty were already decayed, and without an effective reform, it was difficult for the Ming Dynasty to escape from the disaster.
At that time, the Ming Dynasty was in a state of tail and tail, and various expenditures had long collapsed the empire's financial system, coupled with the upward and downward effects of corruption, making the Ming Dynasty at that time an ant nest hollowed out by ants, full of holes.
And the Qing army is a newly rising force, they are young enough so there are not so many troubles that cannot be solved, they are motivated enough, so there is not much concern about the world. They dare to challenge, so they can win the final victory.