The emperor in the film and television drama often calls himself "widow" and "lonely", it seems that once the emperor is accompanied by loneliness, why is this so?
Confucianism emphasizes that from oneself and others, from the layers of the original heart to the cultivation of the family to govern the country and the world, as if as long as people do a good job, the governance of the country will naturally come to fruition.
The Dharma family also proceeds from the point of view of human nature, but only believes that even fathers and sons and relatives will deceive between people, let alone between kings and subjects.
01 The Fear of the Emperor
First, being a human being and governing the country are two different things, one micro and one macro.
What may be reliable for people is not reliable for governing the country.
Benevolence is a good quality for the individual, but if you govern the country with benevolence, you will not only die a miserable death, but also bring disaster to your home country.
Second, those good values, though they exist, are not the greatest common denominator of the population.
The way of governing the country is unreliable by relying on holy kings, virtuous subjects, and good people, and it is only in a thousand years that a holy monarch has been produced, and it is not necessary to meet a virtuous person.
To be reliable, it must be the kind of mediocre lord who can also use good statecraft, one can cure the traitors, and the other is suitable for the subjects of ordinary moral level.
Han Fei said, without my system of governing the country, the saints will most likely fail; with my set of statecraft, the king of the subjugated country can also enjoy peace for a long time.
Han Fei's statecraft was indeed simple, crude, and powerful.
It is entirely for the king's sake, freely pointing out a shortest line for maintaining and expanding power.
It is not an anti-thief guide, but a royalist textbook.
To be an emperor is to be utterly lonely.
To have everyone obey your orders is to cut yourself off from everyone.
All are your potential enemies, a situation that the average person cannot understand.
Ordinary people are always surrounded by all kinds of true and false feelings, and they can't see the problem so transparently.
The monarch stands at the top and has only one conclusion: he is attacked everywhere.
Han Fei said that sharing a bed, being bystander, father and brother, raising a family, minmeng, popularity, might, and four parties are the eight paths for the monarch to be challenged.
The more internal the greater the threat, the greatest threat always comes from within, and the most ruthless opponent is the blood relative, which is the growth education of the king: you have only yourself. Lonely, widowed, one person.
When you realize this, you are extremely afraid: you have only one person, how can you do everyone?
A "Han Feizi", more than 100,000 words, in the end is three words.
02 Potential, law, technique.
Potential refers to the power in the hands of the monarch.
One handle is reward, one handle is punishment, human nature tends to benefit and avoid harm, grasps the reward and punishment of two handles, drives it out with profit, and stops it with punishment, it can be riddled with one.
"The king has the authority to deal with the situation, so he orders and prohibits it." The ruler kills the system, and the powerful one wins over the multitude. ”
The default state of authority is in the hands of the monarch, which is the power, the natural advantage of the monarch, as long as it is well used, the mediocre lord can also drive the people of the world. But if the power is lost, even the saints cannot be together.
First, instead of being loved, it is better to be feared. This is an insight into human nature spanning 2,000 years.
Second, there must be a monopoly of authority. Reward and punishment are two sides of the same coin and cannot be separated.
Neither can we feel that rewarding too much resources is only punished, nor can we only reward and not punish because the punishment is too offending, and we cannot outsource one of them because of these concerns.
Don't let others offend for you, and don't let others do it for you.
Third, rewards and punishments must be far-reaching and not allow for extralegal citizens.
If some people keep the way unchanged, hold fast to the truth. Han Fei believed that it was necessary to kill, because they were not driven by rewards and punishments, could not be used by the monarch, and even made the people driven by rewards and punishments have bad thoughts.
Han Fei did not allow the Runaway Faction to exist.
03 The law and the technique, one yin and one yang, one manifestation and one concealment, are two sides of the same body
The law is an open reward and punishment, and the art is a hidden conspiracy.
The law of Han Fei is very different from the rule of law mentioned today.
You can think of Han Fei's law as a public declaration of the monarch's policy goals, paired with an unshakable set of rewards and punishments.
Merchant martingale gate standing wood, heavy reward porters, you say how much value is it to move wood from here to there?
Its value lies in sending an extremely strong signal: it is coming to be true.
What is feasible and what is avoidable must be clearly and openly understood.
People are too complex, difficult to understand, and changeable, "their hearts are difficult to know, and their moods are difficult to understand."
So after gaining insight into what is going on with man, the king no longer does the thankless task of knowing people, but turns to the external perspective, no matter what each person sees, hears, and thinks, the monarch drives the masses with a stable, open, and clearly recognizable signal.
This set of playing methods tries to eliminate any surprises and excuses in order to establish the super-stable expectations of the policy. It will, of course, go extremely anti-human.
Han Fei took the initiative to embrace this consequence: "The saints are the law, and they will rebel against the world."
In Han Fei's system, the Fa must go to the extreme of never approaching human feelings, not as a personal preference, but as a logical result. As long as you deviate a little from the Dhamma and show a little bit of humanity, then the king is not safe.
Eyes all over the country are on you, and when you have a break and a nap, the people who are staring at you are not.
All the personal likes and dislikes you expose will become flaws, and as long as you expose a little likes and dislikes, you will be taken advantage of.
04 Han Feizi's technique
The law is a public policy declaration, while the law is a secret way of playing privately.
The essence of this sentence is not what is the policy, nor in what style of play, but in the adjective, the key to the law is open, and the key to the art is to keep it secret.
Secrecy is itself a technique.
The way of the Lord, retreat as a treasure.
The key to not revealing one's secret is not to take a stand: not to speak, not to do things, not to make claims, to listen to him quietly, not to listen to one party, but to listen at the same time.
No one can talk in vain, after the lecture must be done, after the completion of the account, how much must be done, how much must be done, not up to the standard to be punished, exceeding the standard must also be punished, because the most important thing is to match the name.
So you know everything, you can do everything.
These are the specific matters in the operation, the key is still to keep people secretly four words, to wisdom, to sage, to be brave, to knock out the qualities of these mortals, and finally reach the supreme realm that Zhuangzi said: stupid as a wooden chicken.
Before 2000, Han Feizi had insight into the wisdom and strength of the coordination and cohesion of the entire system to achieve the goal, so there must be a method to play the coordination function; driving people is to divide the cake, people are completely at stake, and what you get is the zero-sum game that I have lost.