Who is more likely to be a "sugar mom"?

The 24-year-old Fei Fei was originally a slender girl, and when she was pregnant, she was fed by her family in various ways, and every day in addition to eating and drinking, she was lying down to chase the drama. Half a year later, Feifei successfully became pregnant, but his weight was close to 150 pounds. The figure is out of shape, more serious is that she was diagnosed with gestational diabetes at a young age, and she regretted it when she learned the result.

In fact, many pregnant mothers, and even expectant mothers who are trying to get pregnant, have long understood the harm of gestational diabetes - not only will they be frequently pricked, but also start a long sugar control treatment, the taste, bitter.

According to the literature, for "sugar mothers", the incidence of many maternal and infant complications, including spontaneous abortion, fetal malformations, hypertension, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia, will increase. More seriously, diabetes during pregnancy can have a lasting impact on mothers and babies, such as children born with "sugar mothers" who have a higher risk of obesity, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes in adulthood, and "sugar mothers" themselves have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes than the average mother.

So, who is more likely to develop gestational diabetes?

1. Overweight is the first high risk factor

Speaking of high-risk factors, the first thing to mention must be overweight, as long as this factor exists, the risk of gestational diabetes will go up.

Expectant mothers who are overweight (BMI >24) and have any of the following additional risk factors for diabetes are undoubtedly at high risk for gestational diabetes.

Additional risk factors include advanced age > 35 years, first-degree relatives of patients with diabetes mellitus (with illness of a parent or sibling), previous births of fetuses weighing more than 4 kg, history of previous gestational diabetes mellitus, history of hypertension, hdL levels below 0.90 mmol/L and triacylglycerol levels above 2.82 mmol/L, diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome, previous checks for glycosylated hemoglobin levels above 5.7%, decreased glucose tolerance, or impaired fasting blood glucose Other factors associated with insulin resistance (e.g., acanthosis nigricans, etc.); cardiovascular history.

It is recommended to start adjusting the lifestyle from the time of pregnancy, healthy diet, appropriate exercise, and good living habits to reduce the weight.

2, Diabetics

Female friends who have diabetes before pregnancy can prepare for pregnancy with peace of mind by making the following preparations.

Psychological preparation: Learn more about the interaction between pregnancy and diabetes, and actively and effectively control blood sugar, build confidence in pregnancy preparation, and may require endocrinologists to help control blood sugar if necessary.

Preconception tests: In addition to routine tests, tests to assess diabetic glycemic control are essential. Fasting and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), thyroid function, lipids, blood pressure, ELECTROCARDI and echocardiography, fundus examination. These tests can be used to comprehensively assess the severity of pregestception diabetes.

Lifestyle modification: weight loss before pregnancy, scientific diet, and physical exercise can improve the success rate of pregnancy. When the BMI (body mass index) > 27, you should lose weight before becoming pregnant.

Regulate the use of drugs: monitor blood glucose and, if necessary, change hypoglycemic drugs to insulin to better control blood sugar. Insulin during pregnancy is safe for the fetus in the abdomen, and pregnant women do not have to worry. If you have high blood pressure, you need to discontinue potentially teratogenic antihypertensive drugs and switch to drugs available during pregnancy.

Author: Gong Xiaohui (The author is a maternal pathology obstetrician at the Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University)

Editor: Chu Shuting

Editor-in-Charge: Jiang Peng

Image source: This newspaper information picture

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