"How is our child's cognitive ability?"
"Children can't keep up with cognitive ability, how to train?"
......
How to let children grow better, how to develop children's cognitive ability and thinking ability have become the most concerned issues for parents. Today we will briefly introduce you to what is cognition?
What is cognition
Cognition is the process of individual acquisition of knowledge, which includes complex psychological activities such as perception, memory, imagination, identification, thinking, reasoning, judgment, and creation, which roughly refers to a person's ability to learn, think, cope with the environment and solve problems, and is also a ability to adapt to life.
In general, children's cognitive development increases with age and follows certain patterns. In terms of learning, special children are limited by special personal conditions and often have uneven development, but the order of development is roughly the same as that of children in general.
Prerequisites for cognitive learning
In general, children's cognitive learning requires not only a sound sensory and perceptual system, but also the ability to observe, imitate, pay attention, remember, and understand. With these prerequisites, children's cognitive development will be more ideal. If a child does not yet have the ability to sit, pay attention, and imitate, he must first teach these projects, because this is the premise of learning all other abilities.
How to improve children's cognitive development
The development of children's cognitive abilities is of great help to children's future growth and development. From infancy and infancy, special children have insufficient cognitive development and are unable to reasonably analyze, synthesize, summarize and sort out the surrounding things. Many children are unable to understand the most basic language of interpersonal communication and communication, so it is crucial to improve the cognitive ability of children with special needs. So, how to improve children's cognitive ability?
Play is the most natural medium of communication for children with special needs and a tool for expressing emotions, thoughts and actions. Here are a few cognitive games that you can play with your baby!
Listen to the instructions to do the action
Suitable age: 6 months and above
How to play: Parents face the baby, issue simple commands, such as clapping hands, nodding, sticking out their tongues, laughing, etc., while speaking while personally demonstrating to him, if the baby's age can understand the content of the speech, parents can speak, not demonstration.
Master skills – imitate, listen to commands
Tip: Parents can gradually increase the difficulty of content, such as telling their children to bring tissues for their mothers, taking their shoes when they go out, etc.
Fruit sharing game
Suitable age: 1 year old and above
Utensils: Common fruits (such as apples, bananas, oranges, etc.), a basket, dolls
How to play: Put the basket containing various fruits in front of the baby, take out some dolls, hold them by the mother, and then say to the baby: "The bear wants to eat fruit, the baby please help it get a XX." "Feel free to name the fruit in the basket, or ask your baby to take a different fruit.
Master the skill – recognize the fruit
Tip: When your baby is familiar with the gameplay, you can increase the variety of fruits to increase the difficulty of the game.
Signal light game
Suitable age: 2-3 years old
How to play: Find some songs related to the signal light, and learn from the music with the child (red light stop, green light line, yellow light on wait). You can also make some fake signal lights, let the child ride through the bike, and judge for themselves whether to move forward or stop.
Master skills - recognize the three colors of red, yellow and green and the basic traffic rules
Tip: Signal light games can initially cultivate children's self-protection ability and safety awareness by obeying traffic rules.
The secret of the calendar
Suitable age: 4 years old and above
Utensils: Calendar
How to play: Prepare a big calendar, look at the calendar with your child, learn about dates and various holidays, etc.
Master the skill – simple time concepts
Tip: The content of the calendar is broad and profound, according to the child's interest and understanding, choose the scope of the baby's learning, do not overstill.
Improving the cognitive abilities of children with special needs is not an overnight task, it should be done step by step, finding the most suitable method for children, and praise and food rewards are also essential. In short, in the process of educating special children, we must not only talk to the child's body, but also talk to the child's heart, and cultivate people with souls so that they can understand the meaning of each tiny action and each sound.
Source: Fang Xiaofang, Department of Child Rehabilitation
Photo editor: Zhao Wanjiao, Planning and Outreach Office
Editor-in-Charge: Zhang Jiaxin, Planning and Outreach Office