Li Bai traveled as a teenager and spent 300,000 yuan a year. He married the granddaughter of the prime minister and became a door-to-door son-in-law. Entering the dynasty as an official, letting the noble concubines grind, lux holding boots, and even fried the emperor's squid. The proud and conceited Li Bai may not match the image of who immortals, but it is real enough.
Li Bai was open-minded and arrogant, but he also had a time to bow his eyebrows for the sake of his ideals. So, what is the real Li Bai?
Youthful ideals, no way to enter the world
Li Bai's later years may have been doomed from his youth.
Li Bai's dreams in his youth were twofold: to be a chivalrous guest and to become an official in the DPRK. Li Bai has been gifted since he was a child, and he likes to read, and he never forgets it.
At the age of five, he recited Liujia and at the age of ten he watched a hundred houses.
At the age of 14, Li Bai was already able to write poetry and became the best among his peers. After visiting the hundreds of sons and hundreds of homes, he was even more yearning for the life of the chivalrous guests.
In Li Bai's poem, from his youth, "Strike and drink wine, sword song is easy to water Mei." To the age of 42, "willing to put the sword under the waist, straight to chop Lou Lan." And then in exile, "Leaning on the sword to increase the sigh, the sword is still self-pitying." "Always the sword is not separated from the body, chivalrous."
However, Li Bai is a sober person, and he knows that joining the army is his first goal.
Although Li Bai's identity can be traced back to that of a scholar, he could not participate in scientific expeditions throughout his life.
Because Li Bai's father, Li Ke, was a businessman, such a native family imprisoned Li Bai's dream.
The Six Classics of Tang stipulate:
The son of a criminal, the industrial and commercial class is not predictable.
Throughout his life, Li Bai was extremely obscure about his family, he wrote about life, love, and friendship, but in terms of family affection, he rarely described it, and even his father's name was found on his tombstone.
Li Bai, who was choked by fate, could only take the second way - recommendation.
For Li Bai, who "did not know the moon when he was a child, called the white jade plate", his original family did not lack money, opened up personal connections, and became his motivation to spend money.
In 720, the 19-year-old Li Bai heard that the then official Shangshu Su Yong was appointed as the Assassin of Yizhou, so he took many of his poems and went to Chengdu to introduce himself.
Su Yong praised Li Bai:
This son is a genius and handsome, and he writes endlessly, although the wind is not successful, and see the bones of the special car. If you learn widely, you can compare with each other.
But he did not want to recommend Li Bai, but encouraged him to study well.
On the way home, Li Bai passed mount Emei, ascended to the far horizon, and traveled to Yuzhou. Hearing that at that time, Yuzhou was too defensive of Li Yong to love talent, and in order to find a way out for his ideals, Li Bai went to visit Li Yong.
When he met Li Yong, Li Bai talked loudly and informally, which made Li Yong very dissatisfied with this young man, so he only let Yuwen Shaofu receive him. Li Bai was very dissatisfied with the cold reception he received, so he wrote "Shang Li Yong" to ridicule Li Yong.
Dapeng rose with the same wind one day and soared up to ninety thousand miles. If the wind stops and comes down, it will still be able to bump but be in the water. When the world saw me, they sneered at me. The father can still fear the future, and the husband can not be young.
Li Bai compared himself to Dapeng and bluntly said that the future life is terrible, do not deceive the young and poor!
It is not difficult to see Li Bai's personality, pride and self-confidence, for the cold treatment of his predecessors, he can be said to be full of indifference, and even sarcastic.
Li Bai's merchant origin, coupled with his arrogant personality, caused many scholars and doctors to look down on him, so when he was young, he did not go well on the road of recommendation.
After returning to his hometown from Yuzhou, Li Bai has been studying in the Dakuang Mountains, from the age of 20 to the age of 23.
In four years, Li Bai has never given up the ideal in his heart, if he can't be an official, then it is not bad to be a chivalrous guest. Therefore, Li Bai decided to go to the country with his sword and resigned his relatives to travel far.
Li Bai first traveled in Sichuan, and then hung a sword at his waist, held a white horse in his hand, and took a coil, and after saying goodbye to his family, he took a boat. At the time of parting, Li Bai wrote "Farewell at the Jingmen Gate":
Cross the far outside the Jingmen Gate and come to travel from the Chu Kingdom.
Yamayoi Plains Exhaustion, Enoi Daira Stream.
The flying mirror under the moon, yunsheng jiehai building.
Still pity the hometown water, send the boat for thousands of miles.
Although Li Bai expressed his reluctance to his hometown, throughout his life, Li Bai was unable to return to his hometown of Jiangyou.
As we all know, Li Bai's poetry is heroic and ethereal, and he is good at galloping imagination, which has a lot to do with his uninhibited personality, so in the eyes of many people, Li Bai should be disdainful of fame and fortune, and he does not want to enter the DPRK as an official.
Obviously, the truth is just the opposite, like many literati, Li Bai has set the ideal of "helping the world" since he was a child, and then he has achieved success and retired, and his whole life has been pursuing achievements in his career.
At the same time, he has a lonely personality and likes to roam and live in seclusion, which has become the biggest contradiction in his life. On the one hand, he has lofty political ideals, on the other hand, he has a romantic heart that does not want to be restrained.
This made him very anxious, often caught in the struggle of whether to succumb to the political future, understanding Li Bai's state of mind, you can understand his many attempts and choices in his career later.
Although Li Bai traveled the world, he was to complete his second dream. However, at this time, Li Bai had not yet given up his dream of becoming an official in the DPRK. Unable to find a way out in Sichuan, he hopes to find a way out by traveling the world and making more friends.
Travel the world, thousands of gold scattered
Li Bai left Jingzhou and traveled all the way from Hubei to Anhui, and after crossing Wuhu, he arrived at Jinling (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu). Jinling has been a rich and noble township since ancient times, a gentle field. And Changganli (along the Qinhuai River) is a place where literati and inkers gather.
Here, Li Bai made poetry friends, talked about wine, and lived a comfortable and comfortable life. He once fished for the moon after getting drunk at Wende Bridge, listening to the women on the street telling about his love, two little guesses, two idle places, he wrote "Long Dry Line":
Lang rode a bamboo horse and went around the bed to get green plums. Cohabitation in the long dry, two small guesses.
Li Bai is undoubtedly romantic, he loves the moon, he loves beautiful love, and his romance lies not only in his poetry, but also in his performance art.
Leaving Jinling, Li Bai toured the scenic spots and monuments of Suzhou, Hangzhou and Shaoxing all the way, leaving behind many poems that cherish the past and cherish the present. However, every time he went to a place, Li Bai did not forget to visit the local princes and nobles, hoping to seek a way out of his career.
However, Li Bai's request was rejected by them for various reasons, and in the end he could only send love to the landscape and talk about masturbation.
However, what made Li Bai even more embarrassed was that the money he brought out had been spent.
In the past, he traveled to Weiyang in the east, and within a year, he scattered more than 300,000 gold, and there were fallen sons, all of whom were helped. This is the light wealth of white.
For the sake of fame, Li Bai made friends with powerful people, threw thousands of dollars, and in just one or two years, all the 300,000 yuan he brought out was spent. Although most of Li Bai's money was used to dredge people's connections, a small part of it was used by him to help friends.
From here, we can see that Li Bai has made generous moves and spared money in righteousness.
Many people look at Li Bai with a modern eye, believing that he has no political talent. However, li bai's political ability is not discussed, and since Li Bai was determined to make meritorious achievements when he was a teenager, he has never been given an opportunity or really experienced.
At this time, Li Bai was 26 years old, achieving nothing in his career, and was also poor economically, even now, he would accumulate into a disease
In 726, after Li Baixing arrived in Yangzhou, he really fell ill.
One night, the moonlight was bright, Li Bai sat in front of the window, thinking about his future life, remembering his dilemma at this time and the unavoidable demands on his career, homesickness suddenly arose, so he wrote a famous article that has been passed down through the ages:
The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground. Look up at the bright moon and look down at your hometown.
In the autumn of this year, after Li Bai cultivated his body, he began his roaming again!
When visiting Lumen Mountain in Xiangyang, Li Bai heard that Meng Haoran was living in seclusion here, so he decided to visit him. Although Li Bai and Meng Haoran are 12 years apart, they have been friends for a long time, and the two have nothing to talk about and are introduced as confidants.
Then, the two went on the road together and traveled together in Wuchang, Hubei Province. A month later, Meng Haoran decided to go to Yangzhou, and on the occasion of parting, Li Bai wrote a poem and bid farewell to Meng Haoran.
The late man said the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and the fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. The lone sail is far away in the blue sky, only to see the yangtze river skyline.
During this period of hubei excursions, Li Bai, with the help of Meng Haoran and the Taoist priest Hu Ziyang, entered the home of Xu Yuanshi, the late prime minister of Hubei Anlu, and married the granddaughter of Xu Yuanshi.
Although the Xu family has fallen in the middle of the road, but compared to Li Bai, it has a more social status, and Li Bai also relies on the Xu family to live a relatively stable life in Anlu, and has a son and a daughter with Xu Qinser and Ming.
Soon after the marriage, Li Bai was still concerned about his career. At that time, Tang Xuanzong decreed that the world should select talents, as long as they are literate, they can go to Chang'an to recommend themselves, and Li Bai finally waited for the opportunity.
In 730, the 30-year-old Li Bai set foot in Chang'an for the first time.
However, the ideal is full, the reality is bone.
For decades, the work has not been accomplished, and Li Bai can't help but sigh: "It is difficult to walk, it is difficult to walk." How wrong is the way, and now is it? "The road of life is so difficult, where is the real road? However, in the end, "the long wind and waves will sometimes hang on the clouds and sails to the sea."
Li Bai, who returned to Anlu, placed his body and mind on pastoral life. During this time, he also introduced himself to Princess Yuzhen and Han Zhaozong.
However, because Li Bai was unruly in his heart, too blunt, and not suitable for the official field, he refused Li Bai's request.
In 735, Li Bai plucked up the courage to re-enter Chang'an. At that time, when Tang Xuanzong was hunting outside, Li Bai, in order to please Tang Xuanzong, wrote the "Great Hunting Gift", praising the Tang Dynasty under the rule of Tang Xuanzong, prosperous and prosperous, far better than the previous dynasty.
However, Li Bai was disappointed after all!
Several times of self-recommendation, have not been able to seek a position, I have to say, in addition to Li Bai's business status is not to be seen, his personality also has a large part of the reason.
When we were young, we studied Li Bai's poems, and Li Bai gave the impression that he was not a powerful man and was proud of his bones, but when I read his "and return to life wine bottle, drink Tao Yongxi alone", I can still feel his deep loneliness.
In the eyes of posterity, Li Bai always lacks some vivid details, and I would like to ask, why can't he have his own flesh and blood and truth?
When he first entered Chang'an, there was no way to serve the country, and Li Bai had fallen. Cockfighting, drinking and gambling, fighting and fighting, these are Li Bai's flesh and blood life. Even if he has an open-minded mind, this time he is probably extremely disappointed.
Fortunately, Li Bai, who lived in Chang'an, finally met the noble man in his life, He Zhizhang.
When he entered the DPRK as an official, he was given gold and returned
He Zhizhang was 40 years older than Li Bai, but he had already heard of Li Bai's talent. When he first met Li Bai, he exclaimed:
I have read the "Wuqi Qu" written by you before, and I thought that such a good poem could only be written by the gods and immortals in the sky, but I did not expect that when I saw you, it was really a god and immortal.
The name of who immortals, from this.
In 742, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang changed his name to Yuan Tianbao, and at this time, the Tang Dynasty was prosperous and powerful, and Chang'an, as the capital, gathered visitors from all over the world. Li Bai was finally summoned by Tang Xuanzong under the strong recommendation of He Zhizhang and Princess Yuzhen.
Li Bai, who had been fighting swords and holding wine and roaming the world for decades, with his ideal of "governing the country and the world", stepped into Chang'an again, at this time he was 41 years old.
At the moment of stepping into the palace, Tang Xuanzong descended to greet him, gave food to the Seven Treasures Bed, and personally spooned the soup for Li Bai to drink, which was a great honor. After hearing Li Bai's political opinions, Tang Xuanzong was very satisfied and gave him the position of Hanlin to be commanded.
Over the years, the depression of the unsatisfactory career has finally been swept away, and Li Bai believes that the opportunity to get ahead and serve the country has finally come. But reality was like a basin of cold water that was poured on his face.
In the year when Li Bai entered Chang'an, the national strength of the Tang Dynasty was at its peak, and the four seas rose to peace. For Tang Xuanzong, the Tang Dynasty was very proud of his strong power under his rule, and every ruler hoped that he could become a famous county throughout the ages, and his name would go down in history.
Tang Xuanzong's interest was not Li Bai's good strategy for governing the country, but his literary style, and he hoped that Li Bai could praise and praise himself through the poems, but Li Bai did not realize this.
After entering the Hanlin Courtyard, Li Bai was not important to Tang Xuanzong, and for several months he went to order a meal, and then until he left work, doing nothing all day.
One day, Tang Xuanzong summoned Li Bai, and Li Bai originally thought that Tang Xuanzong was looking for him by political affairs, but unexpectedly, Gao Lishi took Li Bai all the way to the garden. It turned out that the peony was in full bloom in the garden that day, and Tang Xuanzong took Yang Guifei to youxing, in order to make Yang Guifei happy, Tang Xuanzong ordered Li Bai to write a poem to help entertain.
At this time, Li Bai was already drunk and drunk, bluntly saying that he needed to be polished by the noble concubine, and also asked Gao Lishi to take off his boots for him, so that he could have poetry. Therefore, in full view of everyone, Li Bai splashed ink and wrote "Three Songs of Qingping Tune".
The clouds want to dress and flowers, and the spring breeze blows Revlon.
If it were not for the jade mountain head, it would meet the Yaotai Moon.
Yang Guifei read it and was amazed.
After that, Tang Xuanzong also often summoned Li Bai to his side, taking him to various banquets and chanting poems and music. On the one hand, Li Bai enjoyed Tang Xuanzong's attention, and on the other hand, he looked forward to really making a difference politically.
Li Bai spent the most triumphant year in the mood of repeatedly receiving rewards from the emperor and eagerly thinking about retribution. Because of Tang Xuanzong's relationship, Li Bai became a red man in Chang'an City, often circling around the banquets of princes and nobles, and once drunk and drunk, such a life made him intoxicated.
However, Li Bai ignored that his arrogant and contemptuous personality had already offended the red man around Tang Xuanzong, Gao Lishi.
One day, Tang Xuanzong summoned Li Bai, and at this time Li Bai was already drunk, but this time, Tang Xuanzong summoned him for state affairs.
At that time, Tubo had been attacking a city in Qinghai for three years, and Tang Xuanzong wanted to send troops to fight it, so he ordered Li Bai to draft an edict. Although Li Bai was drunk, he also knew that the stakes were high, so he sprinkled an edict of more than a thousand words, which was magnificent in content and magnificent.
Tang Xuanzong looked at it and praised Li Bai's literary style, but on second thought, Li Bai was always drunk, and I was afraid that he would miss state affairs. Gao Lishi, who was on the side, saw through the emperor's thoughts and said bluntly: "Although Li Bai's poetry is superb, it is difficult to achieve great things. ”
Tang Xuanzong listened, agreed with Gao Lishi's statement, and thought that now that the DPRK and China are full of talents, He Shuo is missing a Li Bai.
Later, Gao Lishi spoke to Yang Guifei again, saying that Li Bai had written "Borrowed from the Han Palace who was similar, and poor Fei Yan relied on new makeup." In one sentence, it compares Yang Guifei to a generation of demon queen Zhao Feiyan.
Yang Guifei was furious, and Tang Xuanzong alienated Li Bai as a result, and he was never summoned again.
Li Bai spent three years in Chang'an, during which time he wrote many poems, including the Qingping Tune, most of which were praised for the Taiping Dynasty, not what he wanted.
He also met the king he once worshipped, but at that time, Tang Xuanzong was no longer as diligent in government affairs as he was during the Kaiyuan period. He was obsessed with harem beauty and appointed many adulterous villains.
What Chang'an saw and felt was almost a world away from Li Bai's previous imagination. Seeing that his political ideals could not be realized, and there was no hope for his career promotion, he wrote "Shu Dao Difficulty" and issued "The difficulty of Shu Dao, it is difficult to go to qingtian." "Life sighs.
In 744, the 86-year-old He Zhizhang returned to his hometown, and seeing his confidant leave, Li Bai was also disheartened by the court. A month later, Li Bai wrote to Tang Xuanzong and asked for the mountain to be returned, and Tang Xuanzong did not retain it in the slightest. Therefore, in the late spring of this year, Li Bai was given gold and returned, and once again began his wandering life.
From the first trip out of Sichuan at the age of 23 to the return of gold at the age of 45, Li Bai at this time changed both his mood and starting point, and he indulged in the bitterness of his unsmooth career, and he was only a single shadow and lyrical nostalgia for the moon.
A pot of wine between the flowers, drinking alone without blind dates. Raise a glass to invite Mingyue, and the shadow into three people.
Under the calm words, there is a deep loneliness. There is no longer the hesitation and ambition of "laughing at the sky and going out of the house when he was first recruited by Tang Xuanzong, my generation is a basil person".
However, such a Li Bai has torn off the stereotypical label of not being a powerful person, showing a real and vivid Li Bai.
Li Bai is a fairy, a who immortal, but a flesh-and-blood poetry immortal.
In 753 AD, Li Bai went to Songshan to meet his friends, ascended to a distant perspective, and suddenly his chest was raging, singing loudly, and venting all the unhappiness encountered on the way to Shi. Between the glasses, he sang the peak of the dashing and heroic, open and closed "Will Enter the Wine".
You don't see the water of the Yellow River rising from the sky, rushing to the sea and never returning.
Jun did not see Gao Tang Mingjing's sad white hair, and it turned into snow in the twilight of green silk.
Life must be full of joy, do not make the golden bottle empty to the moon.
I am born to be useful, and I will come back when all the money is gone.
At this time, Li Bai seems to be open-minded and comfortable, but in fact, he uses wine to dispel his sorrows, and he is full of anger and feelings of ambition.
After saying goodbye to his friends, Li Bai traveled all the way to Wuyue. One day, Li Bai visited Tianmu Mountain in a dream, lamenting the vastness of the world and the magnificence of nature, and had not yet appreciated it, so why bother with the past. After waking up from the dream, Li Bai wrote down famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages.
Ann can crush the brow and bend the waist of the magnate, so that I can't be happy!
Then, Li Bai began a new roaming, from Wuyue to Yanbei, leaving his footprints everywhere.
The chaos of Anshi, the tragic twilight years
The poet Li Bai is not only an immortal who despises the powerful, but also an ordinary person with desires and demands, and he has never given up his political ideals. In Li Bai's early years of "Dai Shou Shan Answer Meng Shaofu Migration Document", Li Bai wrote:
Nai Xiang and the Book of Qidan, The Book of Yaoser, shen guan yan, and the art of seeking the emperor. Strive for its wisdom, willing to be an auxiliary, so that the Huan District Dading, HaiXian Qingyi.
It is not difficult to see from this that Li Bai's political ideal is to be a loyal minister like Yanzi, guan Zhong, who can serve the country at the top and the people at the bottom.
In 755 AD, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and in order to escape the war, the 54-year-old Li Bai fled with his family and came to Lushan to live in seclusion.
In the winter of 756, Li Xuan, the sixteenth son of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, the Yong King, was ordered by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang to lead an army to the east. However, Li Xuan was selfish, and he led his troops all the way along the east of the river, in fact, in order to compete with the prince's forces and determined to seize the world.
At this time, Li Xuan recruited troops along the way and expanded his power. When he reached Jiujiang, he heard that Li Bai was living in seclusion here, so he sent his cronies to persuade Li Bai to come out of the mountain and assist him.
Although Li Bai resigned voluntarily before, he still has lofty political ideals and wants to show his ambitions. After much thought, Li Bai gladly agreed and went down the mountain to become Li Xuan's aide, which was also involved in the struggle for imperial power.
Soon after, the crown prince Li Heng ascended the throne on his own at Lingwu, with the historical title of Emperor Suzong of Tang and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang as Emperor Taishang. Li Xuan and his subordinates were defeated and killed, and Li Bai was also accused of treason for composing the Yongwang East Tour Song, and was exiled forever to Yelang (present-day Zitong, Guizhou).
In 759, the 59-year-old Li Bai was exiled all the way to the area around the White Emperor's City, just when Guanzhong suffered a major drought, the people had no harvest, hunger and cold, the imperial court for this amnesty, Li Bai was free.
Li Bai galloped down the Yangtze River, and in the face of the sudden freedom, he was overjoyed, and the old man chatted about the madness of a teenager and chanted:
Between the clouds of the White Emperor, a thousand miles of Jiangling returned in one day. The apes on both sides of the strait could not stop crying, and the light boat had already passed through the Ten Thousand Heavy Mountains.
In 761 AD, Li Bai, the year of Hua Jia, was poor and destitute, and in desperation, Li Bai could only go to his uncle Li Yangbing in Anhui.
The following year, Li Bai became seriously ill and knew that he would soon die. On his sickbed, Li Bai handed over the poems he had made to Li Yangbing, and finally left the "Death Song" and died at the age of 62.
Dapeng Fei Zhen Eight Races, Zhongtian Destroyer is not good. The rest of the wind stirred up the world, and You Fusang hung on the left side. Later generations got this, and Jonny died who was out of the nose.
Throughout his life, Li Bai never gave up his ideals, he still compared himself to a bird with a universal heart, even if the wind and thunder broke his wings, he would rise up again and rush into the clouds.
After Li Bai's death, his tombstone was also completely reduced to a deserted tomb because no one worshipped him. When Bai Juyi passed by Li Bai's tomb, he was very sad and wrote:
Li Bai's grave by the quarry river, surrounded by infinite grass and clouds.
Poor desolate and poor spring bones, there were earth-shattering texts.
But no matter how short the poet's life is, he will not be able to fall into the king.
At this time, Li Bai's tomb was surrounded by weeds, and even if the owner of the tomb had written earth-shattering poems, it could not withstand the current desolation. Most of the literati are unlucky, but no one can surpass Li Bai in the poor and frustrated.
Only one word: poor! lamentable! Alas!
Throughout Li Bai's life, the rulers did not recognize him, the conspirators wanted to use him, and he was wronged and degraded. However, these ups and downs and tribulations did not erase Li Bai's ideal of political achievement, nor did they change his belief in serving the country.
Try to borrow the king's jade horse whip and command the Rong Yu to sit in the Feast. The south wind swept away the dust and quiet, and entered Chang'an to the sun in the west.
This is Li Bai, among the many poets of the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai is the only romantic poet who has both chivalrous liver and courage and fairy wind and dao bones.
Li Bai is a fairy, who is a fairy, a poetry immortal with flesh and blood, wine into the intestines, seven points into the moonlight, the remaining three points into the sword qi, embroidery mouth spit, half of the Tang Dynasty. He feathered Dengxian in the Chinese poetry world, leaving a unique style in the world.