Wen 丨 Tuan Mom
In the early stage of early childhood, many parents will begin to cultivate their children's concentration, listening, expression, self-control and so on. In addition to the cultivation of habits in life, learning and other aspects, 0-6 years old is a sensitive period for children, and it is also an optimal stage for cultivating children's sense of numbers.
It doesn't matter if you don't take your child to math initiation when your child is younger. In the early articulation stage, it is also possible to cultivate a sense of number through some life games. Special reminder, cultivating a child's sense of numbers is definitely not to let the child learn ahead.
What should be the starting point for cultivating a child's sense of numbers? What are some ways to cultivate a child's sense of numbers in life? In this issue, Tuan Mama chatted with Teacher Chen, who has seven years of experience in teaching primary and low schools, and Teacher Wen, who is teaching first-grade mathematics.
Cultivating children's sense of numbers before school can not only make children interested in mathematics, but also help them better adapt to mathematics learning in primary school after entering primary school.
Tuan Mama once interviewed a well-known primary school math teacher, according to her introduction that many children are afraid of calculation or calculation is always wrong after entering primary school, a large reason is that before entering primary school and when they first entered primary school, they did not establish enough number sense to support and cope with the more difficult stage of primary school calculation.
"The sense of numbers can be understood as the perception between logarithms and quantities, and children need to recognize and familiarize themselves with quantities before entering school, basically establish a sense of numbers, and make necessary preparations for learning the concept of numbers after enrollment." Teacher Wen, who teaches first-grade math, said.
In the mathematics curriculum of the first grade of primary school, children need to learn the operation of less than 10, and the children with a good sense of quantity will soon understand the meaning of calculation through the combination of the number representation, and it will be very easy to learn. If the child's sense of quantity is not good, the sense of number is not cultivated, and the child will have a very hard time learning to calculate.
The size of the number is not understood, the relationship between the numbers is not understood, through rote memorization to do calculations, this kind of mechanical learning of mathematics, will only make children learn hard, painful, and disgusted with mathematical learning.
In addition, everyone knows that mathematics needs continuous learning, and a knowledge point that is not understood and not learned solidly will affect the child's next learning. At the primary school level, the third grade is a hurdle for mathematical learning. Because in the third grade, the number of calculations has become larger, the methods have increased, and the amount has increased, if the first and second grade calculations are not solid children, there will be mathematical learning that cannot keep up.
How to cultivate a sense of number in children? Do you teach your child to count in order first, or do you first teach your child to understand what the "quantity" each number represents? Have your child do practice questions?
The cultivation of the sense of number does not start from teaching children to count, but first familiarizes children with "quantity". So what exactly is a "quantity"? In layman's terms, when we see two apples, we will immediately know which apple is larger and which apple is smaller. This is what we think about "quantity". When making comparisons, we can quickly judge more and less, long and short, light and heavy, fast and slow, and we all know that the "amount" of more and less will not change because we change the time and change the venue.
"In the process of development, children begin to have a sense of "quantity" around the age of 3. For example, a bunch of more apples and a bunch of less apples, the child will instinctively choose the pile of more, this is her initial feeling of "quantity", what we adults need to do is to help children strengthen the feeling of quantity, familiar with who is more than whom, how much, this is the increasing and decreasing in life, that is, addition and subtraction. Teacher Wen introduced.
In the process of helping children strengthen their sense of quantity, they can use the foods that children like to eat as a guide, and play the game of "who eats more and who eats less" with children, so that children can feel more, less, and as much first. Teacher Wen also suggested, "When the child understands as much, you can play a game of "finding a hat" with the child, and let the child cover the watercolor pen. ”
How to cultivate a child's sense of quantity in life? Teacher Wen also gave a few small suggestions.
01 "One quantity"
Let the child use his own small hands to measure the toys, drinking cups, the dining table at home and other things that need to be used in life, and through the hands, let the children feel the length more directly.
02 "Compare to One"
You can put the child's color pens together first, let the child observe the number, and then ask the child whether the color pens have become more or less the next day. You can also divide the color pen into two piles, so that the child feels that the total number has not changed because of time and position.
03 "One Point"
The bought fruit will be let the child go to share a point, first divide all the fruits into each pile a little more, the number of piles is less, and then each pile is divided into fewer, the number of piles is more, so that the child can see that the total number can be split, and no matter how to divide, each pile of fruit will be less than the original total of fruits.
When the child's sense of quantity is cultivated, the concept of numbers can begin to be established.
How do you establish the concept of child numbers? Instead of sitting at their desk and repeating "1, 2, 3, 4..." and they don't know what these numbers really represent? Parents can count toys with their children, 5 dolls are more than 4 dolls, 5 is bigger than 4; 1 more doll, the number can only be 1 larger, definitely not 2. Use concrete things for children to see and feel. Parents need to associate numbers with specific things, and children will remember faster and establish the concept of numbers.
"When the concept of numbers is established, you can start to cultivate your child's sense of numbers and use 'life' as a teaching aid." Teacher Chen gave an example of "breaking his finger" to do calculations. The child's fingers are the most familiar specific and materialized numbers around the child, so most children are basically through this method when calculating, and the process of "breaking" is that the child is building a sense of numbers. To cultivate a child's sense of number, we can start from the familiar objects around the child and transform the abstract concept into the familiar, concrete things around the child.
If you want to cultivate a sense of numbers in preschool children at home, playing accurate games is very critical. Teacher Chen suggested that when designing games for their children, they must put fun first and learning second. Don't force your child to play which game, and don't have any preaching in the process of playing the game, and don't reprimand the child for making mistakes.
Teacher Chen also recommended several small games for preschoolers to cultivate a sense of number at home.
1
"Open a commissary"
Let the child come to be the shop owner, the goods can be true or false, parents come to the child's store to buy things, let the child set their own prices, parents can also bargain with the child. Let the child not feel that he is learning, but playing a game. In this process, fun comes first, this is not math lessons, don't embarrass your child with additive calculations. At the same time, this game does not need to be played every day, and children are not forced to play.
2
"Snack Manager"
Leave the snacks at home for safekeeping, let the child be responsible for sharing the food for family members, and let the child take power. For example, there are 8 biscuits distributed to parents, which can be divided into 1 and 7 pieces, or can be divided into 3 pieces and 5 pieces, and there are several ways to divide them. 1 and 7, 3 and 5, are smaller than the number 8, and together they are equal to 8, so that children feel that the number can actually be split.
3
"Counting seats"
When your child is on the bus, or in the car, ask your child how many people there are, and then how many seats there are, and ask how many people will not be able to sit in the seat? Or how many seats are empty? Let the child subtract with the feelings of the things that are visible in life.
4
"Barter"
Play swap games with your child. Set a scene, for example, 1 banana can be exchanged for 3 small cherry tomatoes, and 2 bananas can be exchanged for several small cherry tomatoes? Take your child along, let her take the fruit and try it out, and train the child to think exponentially.
Typography 丨GG
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