When the title was awarded in 1955, the ten marshals of our army were born, all of whom were founding fathers with outstanding merits and the pillars of the country.
A few days ago, the history inn introduced the positions and contributions made by the ten marshals during the Red Army period and after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
The first is Mr. Zhu.
On August 22, 1937, the main force of the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, referred to as the Eighth Route Army, with Zhu Laozong as the commander-in-chief, which was also expected by all, reflecting the supremacy of Zhu Laozong in our army.
On February 17, 1938, Yan Xishan, commander of the Second Theater, held a meeting and decided to divide the units belonging to the Second Theater into the East Route Army, the South Road Army, and the North Road Army, with Zhu Laozong as the commander-in-chief of the East Road Army. In addition, the commander-in-chief of the Southern Route Army was Wei Lihuang, and the commander-in-chief of the Northern Route Army was Fu Zuoyi, both of whom were famous generals of the Hundred Battles with excellent status.
At that time, in addition to the troops of the Eighth Route Army, there were also the 3rd Army of the Kuomintang Army Zeng Wanzhong, Li Jiayu's 47th Army, Zhao Shoushan's 17th Division, Wu Shimin's 169th Division, Zhu Huaibing's 94th Division and other units.
In March 1939, Mr. Zhu was promoted to deputy commander of the Second Theater of Operations.
As the commander-in-chief, Mr. Zhu does not need to command specific campaigns, but every important campaign is inseparable from the participation of Mr. Zhu, so it is understandable to say that Mr. Zhu made the greatest contributions during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
Next up is Mr. Peng.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Zhu Lao was always the commander-in-chief, and Mr. Peng was the deputy commander-in-chief, continuing to be the main and deputy partners of the two.
On February 17, 1938, the Second Theater of Operations established the East Route Army, with Zhu Laozong as the commander-in-chief and Peng Laozong as the deputy commander-in-chief.
On August 20, 1940, Mr. Peng lao commanded the famous Hundred Regiments Battle, which was also the battle in which our army participated in the largest number of troops, the largest scale, the longest time, and the richest results during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, which greatly encouraged the confidence of the anti-Japanese soldiers and people.
The third is Lin Biao.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Lin Biao served as the commander of the 115th Division, and on September 25, 1937, he won the Pingxingguan Victory, which was also the first major victory won by the Chinese army since the all-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the whole country was excited.
But unfortunately, on March 2, 1938, Lin Biao was mistakenly wounded by the sentries of Yan Xishan's troops and sent to the Soviet Union for medical treatment, leaving the battlefield of the War of Resistance.
The fourth is Liu Bocheng.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Liu Bo assumed the position of commander of the 129th Division and rushed to Shanxi to resist The Japanese.
In Shanxi, Liu Bocheng commanded his troops to launch the night attack on Yangmingbao, the village of Shifu Qiquan, the ambush battle of Shentouling, the ambush battle of Xiangtangpu, the anti-"nine-road siege" in southeastern Jin, the anti-eleventh road "sweep" in southern Ji' and other battles, and also participated in the command of the Hundred Regiments War, and created the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Anti-Japanese Base Area.
The fifth is Mr. He.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Mr. He served as the commander of the 120th Division, crossed the Yellow River in the east, and commanded the ambush battle of Yanmen Pass, the battle of Qihui in Hejian and the battle of Chenzhuang, especially the battle of Qihui in Hejian, which can be called a model of the annihilation of the plains in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
According to the statistics of Yang Xiaozhe, an expert in military history, during the eight-year War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the eighth route army annihilated an average of 1,090 enemy personnel per thousand, while the number of enemy annihilators per thousand of the 120th division of He Laozong was 2,638, more than twice the average number of enemy annihilated by the Eighth Route Army.
The sixth is Mr. Chen.
Chen Lao was always the only marshal who was not from the Eighth Route Army, and initially served as the commander of the first detachment of the New Fourth Army, and later served as the commander-in-chief of the Jiangnan Headquarters of the New Fourth Army, and Su Yu was the deputy commander-in-chief, and won victories such as the Yanling Victory and the Yellow Bridge Victory.
After the outbreak of the Anhui Incident in southern Anhui in 1941, the New Fourth Army was rebuilt, and Mr. Chen served as the commander of the New Fourth Army, consolidating the anti-Japanese base area in central China.
In the later period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the role of General Manager Chen in the New Fourth Army was similar to that of General Manager Zhu in the Eighth Route Army, and although he did not command specific battles, his leading role was still very large.
The seventh is Luo Ronghuan.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Luo Ronghuan served as the director of the Political Training Office of the 115th Division, and after Lin Biao was injured, Chen Guang acted as the commander of the 115th Division, and Luo Ronghuan served as the political commissar, leading the main force of the 115th Division to Shandong to open up the Shandong anti-Japanese base area.
In Shandong, Luo Ronghuan served as the secretary of the Shandong branch, the commander and political commissar of the Shandong Military Region, and the acting division commander and political commissar of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army.
According to statistics, by the time of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, there were as many as 270,000 regular troops in Shandong, accounting for a quarter of the total number of our party's troops at that time, and the local armed forces in Shandong had also grown to more than 500,000 people, and the masses supporting the revolution were as many as more than 27 million.
Chairman Mao spoke highly of this: "Shandong will only be replaced by luo Ronghuan, and Shandong's overall chess will be alive, Shandong's chess will be alive, the whole country will also live, and Shandong will seize and encircle all the strategic points and lines." Only Shandong Province is our complete and most important strategic base, occupying the northeast in the north and the Yangtze River in the south, all mainly relying on Shandong. ”
From this point of view, Luo Ronghuan's contribution during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was enough to rank in the top three of the marshals.
Eighth place is Xu Xiangqian.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Xu Xiangqian served as the deputy commander of the 129th Division and assisted Liu Bocheng in creating the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Anti-Japanese Base Area.
In April 1938, Xu Xiangqian led a part of his troops to Hebei to carry out guerrilla warfare in the plains. In June 1939, Xu Xiangqian came to Shandong again, serving as the commander of the 1st Column of the Eighth Route Army, and commanding the troops in Shandong, Northern Jiangsu and Northern Anhui.
In 1942, Xu Xiangqian returned to northern Shaanxi and served as the deputy commander of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Jinsui United Defense Army, assisting He Laozong and defending Yan'an.
The ninth was Nie Rongzhen.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Nie Rongzhen served as the deputy commander of the 115th Division, assisting Lin Biao in achieving the Pingxing Guan.
In November 1937, Nie Rongzhen led a part of the troops to create the Jin-Cha-Ji Anti-Japanese Base Area, serving as the commander and political commissar of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region, and in just over a year, the Jin-Cha-Ji Base Area developed into a model base area with 72 counties and a population of more than 12 million.
Under the leadership of Nie Rongzhen, Yang Chengwu launched the Battle of Loess Ridge and killed Lieutenant General Norihide Abe, the "flower of famous generals" of the Japanese army.
In the Battle of the Hundred Regiments in August 1940, a large number of troops were also dispatched from the Jin-Cha-Ji base area, which made a very important contribution to the victory of the Hundred Regiments War.
The tenth was Ye Jianying.
After the establishment of the Eighth Route Army, Ye Jianying served as the chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army, but Ye Shuai's main battlefield was not in the Eighth Route Army, but in the Kuomintang area, assisting Zhou Enlai in carrying out united front work.
It was not until February 1941 that Ye Jianying returned to Yan'an as chief of staff of the Central Military Commission and chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army, assisting Mr. Zhu in his work.
To sum up, as the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, Mr. Zhu's position as commander-in-chief is unparalleled; As the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, Mr. Peng effectively assisted Mr. Zhu in his work, and he also commanded the largest hundred regiments of the great battle, and his merits were unmatched; Lin Biao should have made greater achievements, but unfortunately, because he was injured prematurely, he left the battlefield early.
The other seven marshals, each with their own battlefields, have also made indelible contributions, but to say that the greatest achievements are made by Luo Ronghuan, whose Founded Shandong Base Area can be called the most important base area of our party and has become an important team of the Third And Fourth Field Army, and the merits are very great.
(References: Chronology of the Ten Marshals, Eighth Route Army, War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Series of Military Historical Materials of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression)