One day in early 1952, Chairman Mao was listening to a report by Luo Ruiqing, minister of public security, on the work of the "Three Antis Movement." At this moment, Nie Rongzhen suddenly broke in, opened his mouth and said, "Chairman, I want to file a complaint against you!" ”
As soon as these words came out, Chairman Mao and Luo Ruiqing were stunned. Before they could react, Nie Rongzhen placed a package in front of the chairman and explained to Chairman Mao why he was suing.
Chairman Mao
Chairman Mao was furious when he heard this, and when he saw what was inside the package, he burst into tears, and immediately ordered Chen Yi to launch the largest "rectification of chaos" since the founding of New China, in which hundreds of thousands of people were dealt with and thousands of people were shot.
So what's going on here? What could make Chairman Mao so angry? What is it that can involve so many people?
During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Nie Rongzhen discovered important things
As early as the period of the First Great Revolution, Nie Rongzhen knew Chairman Mao and admired Chairman Mao's ideas on the peasant movement. In 1925, Nie Rongzhen served as the secretary of the Political Department at the Whampoa Military Academy, when Chairman Mao was also the acting director of the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee in Guangzhou.
From the end of 1930 to the autumn of 1931, the Central Revolutionary Base Areas won three consecutive victories against "encirclement and suppression", consolidating and expanding the Central Revolutionary Base Areas and the Red Army. Nie Rongzhen, who was working in the Shanghai Central Military Commission at this time, was very happy to know this, and he was greatly encouraged by the victory of the Red Army led by Chairman Mao, and he also missed and admired Chairman Mao even more.
Chairman Mao and Nie Rongzhen
Nie Rongzhen looked forward to seeing Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, and other comrades at an early date, and on the evening of January 1, he rushed to Ruijin, the capital of the central revolutionary base area, which he had longed for for a long time. Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, and other comrades were very happy about Nie Rongzhen's arrival and cordially received him at the headquarters of the Red Army.
When Chairman Mao heard about the struggle in the white areas, he was very worried about the comrades who persisted in the struggle under the butcher's knife of the enemy in the white areas, and said: "It is still like us who have taken up the barrel of a gun and established our own political power. ”
Nie Rongzhen was very excited to come to Chairman Mao's side and fight the enemy gun to gun.
On January 27, the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic decided to change the General Political Department of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission to the General Political Department of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, with Wang Jiaxiang as the director and Nie Rongzhen as the deputy director. Since then, Nie Rongzhen has had more and more contacts with Chairman Mao, and he has admired Chairman Mao more and more.
Nie Rongzhen
Especially from the Battle of Zhangzhou, which was personally commanded and commanded by Chairman Mao, Nie Rongzhen was greatly encouraged, and he wrote in his memoirs:
"The Battle of Zhangzhou was the first time that under the direct leadership of Comrade Mao Zedong, I led the troops to fight and do mass work, and his series of correct strategies, tactics, and tactical ideas left a deep impression on me and made me sincerely admire!"
In October 1934, due to the defeat of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, the Red Army had to carry out a 25,000-mile long march. At this time, Bogu and Li De and others had the wrong leadership because of panic, and the troops also paid great sacrifices.
By the end of this year, the Red Army had dropped from more than 86,000 people when it withdrew from the base areas to more than 30,000 people, which also aroused the dissatisfaction and suspicion of many people.
In January 1935, the Zunyi Conference was held, and zhang Wentian, Wang Jiaxiang and most other leaders supported Chairman Mao's leadership, and Nie Rongzhen also agreed. In the end, the meeting formally determined Chairman Mao's leadership position and put an end to the erroneous leadership of Bogu, Li De, and others.
Throughout his life, Nie Rongzhen was honest and loyal to the party's cause, and when the revolution was in a crisis of life and death, he was always able to unswervingly support Chairman Mao's correct propositions and maintain the unity and centralization of the whole party.
Chairman Mao once said to Nie Rongzhen's wife: "Comrade Rongzhen is a good comrade, he is conscientious and responsible in his work, he is also very decent, and he is very loyal to the party." ”
Whether during the war years or during the period of peaceful construction, Chairman Mao was very protective and trusting of Nie Rongzhen.
When the Korean Civil War broke out on June 25, 1950, the United States immediately sent troops into Korea, and Chairman Mao took a series of strategic measures to respond to the situation.
In late August 1950, Nie Rongzhen keenly observed that the United States was actively mobilizing troops, and he felt that the war situation might soon be reversed, and once the mainland was forced to get involved, it was far from enough to rely on the strength of the Northeast Border Guard.
Therefore, nie Rongzhen, after asking Chairman Mao's consent, sent a telegram ordering the 9th and 19th Corps to prepare for battle and support the Northeast Border Defense Army as quickly as possible if necessary.
Korean
On October 1, 1950, when the South Korean army crossed the 38th Parallel, Kim Il Sung urgently asked the mainland for help; from October 2 to 5, the Politburo met continuously, and after repeated discussions and reflections, finally agreed with Chairman Mao's opinion: Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
On October 19, 1950, volunteer soldiers, led by Commander-in-Chief Peng Dehuai, crossed the Yalu River and went to Korea to participate in the war.
Since then, under the direct leadership of Chairman Mao and the Central Military Commission, Nie Rongzhen has undertaken the heavy task of organizing volunteer troops to go abroad to fight. Whether it was the formation, training, assembly, or transportation of weapons and equipment and logistics supplies of the volunteer army, Nie Rongzhen asked about them one by one.
In the face of an extremely vicious enemy, Nie Rongzhen knew very well that the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was the first modern war fought by our army when it went abroad for the first time. The US military is a mechanized army with excellent modern weapons and equipment, while our army only has millet plus rifles.
If our army does not have enough logistical support to ensure that hundreds of thousands of troops carry out close combat and night combat, it will not only be difficult to conquer the enemy and win victory, but may even be defeated by the enemy. Therefore, Nie Rongzhen attaches great importance to the logistical support work, and supervises and urges the problems that need to be solved and implemented in the logistical support.
Troops are fighting in Korea, and the replenishment of ammunition on the front lines of the operation is a top priority. In the past, when the troops fought in the country, weapons and ammunition were mainly captured; now that the troops are fighting in Korea, the ammunition replenishment needs to rely on the country, and the production capacity of domestic ammunition at that time is far from catching up with the needs of the battlefield.
In the first quarter of 1951, the ammunition needed for the Korean battlefield was about 14,000 tons, while the production capacity of the mainland was only 1,500 tons, and the difference was very large. Therefore, when it was insufficient, the mainland had to buy from the Soviet Union.
At such a critical moment when the war on the front line was so critical, Nie Rongzhen discovered a big thing, which also forced him to quickly return to China and find Chairman Mao to "file a complaint"!
Nie Rongzhen "filed a complaint" to Chairman Mao, and Chairman Mao ordered a thorough investigation
In 1952, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea had reached the most critical period, and Chairman Mao and the leaders were always observing the war situation on the front line. At this moment, Nie Rongzhen hurried to Zhongnanhai and desperately broke into Chairman Mao's office.
At that time, Chairman Mao and Luo Ruiqing were discussing the issue, but when they saw that the expression on Nie Rongzhen's face was so serious, they also realized that Nie Rongzhen had something important to say. Before Chairman Mao could ask, Nie Rongzhen placed a package in front of Chairman Mao.
With a puzzled look on his face, Chairman Mao opened the package in front of him and saw that it was full of first-aid kits used by the troops to resist US aggression and aid Korea. Chairman Mao did not know what Nie Rongzhen meant, so he asked him: "Comrade Rongzhen, what is going on?" ”
Only to see Nie Rongzhen with an angry face said, "Chairman, I want to file a complaint against you!" Chairman Mao was still a little puzzled and continued to ask, "Complaint?" What are you suing? Whose complaint is it? ”
Nie Rongzhen said angrily, "Chairman, this first aid kit is full of expired medicines and unpasteurized cotton yarn!" Hearing Nie Rongzhen's words, Chairman Mao and Luo Ruiqing's faces instantly became as angry as his.
So what's going on? At that time, many wounded volunteer soldiers came to the rear hospital for treatment, but they did not expect that not only did they not get treatment, but they became more and more serious. Even many soldiers were originally only a few small injuries, and they were treated to the point of amputation, and many soldiers died in the hospital.
At first, the hospital thought that this situation was caused by the harsh environment in the rear, but as more and more people were injured, the hospital found that something was wrong, so it reported the matter to the superiors. Later, after investigation, it was found that thousands of wounded people had been disabled or killed because of the use of this counterfeit and shoddy drug.
Nie Rongzhen was very angry when he learned of this news, so he hurried back to China and asked Chairman Mao to "file a complaint." After Chairman Mao listened to the whole story, his eyes gradually turned red, and he suddenly pushed down all the things on the table and said angrily:
"Our warriors fought bravely on the front line to defend their homeland, and they did not die on the battlefield, but at the hands of our own people! It's tolerable, it's intolerable! ”
At that time, Nie Rongzhen and Luo Ruiqing were standing behind Chairman Mao, and when they saw such a gaffe of the chairman, they did not feel good for a while, and at the same time, they gritted their teeth with hatred for the lawbreakers who made fake drugs.
Chairman Mao and Chen Yi
Chairman Mao immediately ordered a thorough investigation of the matter, and was determined to find out these scum that made counterfeit medicines. Since the place of production of the counterfeit drug was in Shanghai, Chairman Mao asked The Mayor of Shanghai, Chen Yi, to take over the task.
Chen Yi was also very angry when he received the task personally assigned by Chairman Mao, and such a heart-wrenching thing actually happened under his own eyes. Chen Yi immediately sent someone to investigate the matter, and soon, a shop called "Dakangxi Pharmacy" entered the investigators' sight.
Born in 1924 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, the operator of Dakangxi Pharmacy is Wang Kangnian, and was admitted to Shanghai Daya Radio as a radio reporter at the age of 17. Since this is a commercial radio station, the content of the report is mostly commodity quotes and commodity advertisements, so Wang Kangnian has heard a lot of "business experience".
Not long after, Wang Kangnian got married, his father-in-law was a patrol in the public concession, and with the financial support of his father-in-law, Wang Kangnian rented a house to start a small department store business. Later, the business of imported drugs from domestic western medicines in Shanghai became better and better, and Wang Kangnian moved to Jingxingli, No. 434 West Beijing Road, opened a dakangxi pharmacy, and started a western medicine business.
Wang Kangnian was arrested
However, at that time, the products of large pharmaceutical factories such as Xinya and Xinyi were hot, and wholesale drugs needed to pay cash. Wang Kangnian did not have so much cash on hand, and he began to play the trick of "empty glove white wolf".
Later, after the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the civil war broke out again, because the outbreak of the civil war also made the economy at that time more and more turbulent, and the price of Western medicine rose sharply, and the DakangXi Pharmacy moved to Hankou Road, but the business still did not improve.
There are two reasons why business is not improving:
First, Wang Kangnian refused to do business honestly, he was keen on speculation and trafficking; second, Wang Kangnian had no funds, nor did he have the ability to purchase goods normally, often setting up the customer's deposit, and Wang Kangnian was also sued in court.
However, with the liberation of Shanghai, the people's government adopted a policy of restoring the economy and supporting the resumption of industry and commerce. Therefore, under the mediation of the ministry of industry and commerce and the new pharmaceutical trade union, Dakangxi Pharmacy, including other pharmaceutical industries, turned into debt and resumed business in a state of debt.
Such a magnanimous policy also made Wang Kangnian very moved and acted positively. Wang Kangnian not only joined the Laozha District Federation of Industry and Commerce, but also served as deputy director of the Anti-Corruption Committee. With the slow passage of time, the business of Dakangxi Pharmacy is getting better and better, from the resumption of business to 1951, in just two or three years, the total sales of the pharmacy is as high as 3.5 million yuan.
Grand Consio Pharmacy
Wang Kangnian made some money and paid off some of his debts, in addition to which Wang Kangnian also liked to do business with organs, troops, and state-run institutions. However, despite this, Wang Kangnian's business style of buying short and selling short and opportunistic has not changed, and he likes to use false means to attract business to make up for the lack of funds and supply capacity.
This also led to the later occurrence that Wang Kangnian defrauded the volunteer army of a huge amount of money to buy medicines, affecting the recovery of the wounded and sick.
With the progress of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, our army's demand for medicines also increased greatly, coupled with the blockade of the mainland at that time, so the medicines of the volunteer soldiers could only be pinned on domestic pharmaceutical manufacturers.
After Wang Kangnian learned of this news, an idea sprouted in his mind, although this idea had some bad conscience, he still decided to do it, after all, this would allow for more money.
In November 1951, a logistics officer of a certain unit of the Volunteer Army came to Shanghai to purchase urgently needed medicines. At that time, the Great Kangxi Pharmacy obviously had no goods, but Wang Kangnian still accepted the payment for the goods and took over the business. By the time the delivery date came, Wang Kangnian had used medical equipment and auxiliary drugs to prevaricate, which the volunteer soldiers could not use at all.
Later, in order to cope with the volunteer army, Wang Kangnian actually used cornmeal as an anti-inflammatory drug. Later, Wang Kangnian went to some pharmacies to buy expired drugs, and then packed all these things and sent them to the front line, so as to perfunctory.
For Wang Kangnian's behavior, even the employees of Dakangxi Pharmacy could not look at it, and they said indignantly: "Volunteer soldiers bravely kill the enemy on the front line and protect us with their own bodies, can't we even fulfill the responsibility of basically selling drugs in China?" ”
If it is an ordinary person, it will certainly be ashamed and embarrassed to face this kind of doubt, but Wang Kangnian is not an ordinary person. In the face of the employees' doubts, Wang Kangnian's face did not show a trace of shame, and even said confidently: "North Korea is a long way away, I have a way to deal with this matter!" ”
In this way, a large number of counterfeit and shoddy drugs were sent to the front line, and the results can be imagined. Some of the lightly wounded soldiers became more and more seriously injured after using the drugs; while some of the seriously injured soldiers died because of these drugs...
After the investigation team's investigation and evidence collection, Wang Kangnian did indeed have major suspicions. However, before he could formally arrest him, Wang Kangnian's employees were first unable to hold back, and they took the initiative to report Wang Kangnian's crimes.
It turned out that in addition to using cornmeal as an anti-inflammatory drug and purchasing expired drugs, Wang Kangnian actually omitted important steps such as bleaching and disinfection when making first-aid kits. When this unqualified "first aid kit" is sent to the battlefield, due to the large number of bacteria, the wounds of the soldiers who use the first aid kit will become more and more serious, which is also an important reason why the soldiers frequently die in the hospital.
After Wang Kangnian's crimes were exposed, he was quickly arrested by the public security organs. After Chen Yi understood the origin of the matter, he realized that this matter was definitely not as simple as just grabbing one Wang Kangnian, and there must be a bigger hidden danger behind it.
For example, how did Wang Kangnian pass the strict inspection of military materials such as medicines used by the volunteer army? And how are they sent to the front lines in the form of regular medicines? Obviously, there has been a great deal of corruption among the people in charge of the review, and as the investigation deepens, a series of earth-shattering cases have been put in front of everyone.
The owner of the Daming Road Meat Farm in Shanghai made all the rotten and smelly rotten meat when making the canned beef needed by the volunteers. When the cans were ready, he laid only a thin layer of yellow beef on them to avoid inspection by the relevant authorities.
Because the canned beef is relatively rare, and the volunteer soldiers are usually reluctant to eat it, when they finish the battle and are ready to take it out to eat, they find it broken, and they only think that it has been left for a long time, and they do not think that there is a problem with the canned food itself.
Supplies on the battlefield ahead were scarce, so although the soldiers saw that the beef was rotten inside, they were not willing to throw it away, but ate it bite by bite. And these warriors who ate carrion meat had diarrhea for two or three days at the slightest, and poisoned at worst.
Li Yinyan, manager of the Fuhua Power Plant's Cotton Factory, undertook a large number of approvals for volunteer first-aid kits and triangle scarves. But when he received 10,000 catties of good cotton provided by the government, he actually replaced it with waste cotton without any disinfection.
Li Yinyan used unqualified cotton to make 120081 first-aid kits sent to the front line, these unqualified first-aid kits carry a large number of tetanus and gangrene bacteria, resulting in a large number of wound infection and deterioration.
An Jingyuan, the director of Jinan Shengchang Egg Factory, not only cut corners when undertaking the supply of egg flour from the volunteer army, but also mixed more than 7600 kilograms of rotten eggs into the flour to make huge profits.
There are many more such black-hearted capital merchants, which also makes the investigation cadres more and more cold, and none of them are not angry. No one could have imagined that the warriors in the front were fighting the enemy to the death, and the shameless capitalists protected by the warriors in the rear were actually stabbing knives!
Where did the unscrupulous capitalists, represented by Wang Kangnian, place the lives of these volunteer soldiers who defended their homes and defend the country? When they did these inhuman things, did they ever think that without the protection of the soldiers, they could live in peace?
How did Chairman Mao handle this?
Nie Rongzhen "complained" to Chairman Mao, and Chairman Mao ordered Chen Yi to investigate thoroughly, which made it possible to find out these black-hearted treacherous businessmen, and the Wang Kangnian incident surfaced. However, if this incident can happen, it is absolutely not an accidental event, if there is no War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, then how can these profiteers make huge profits?
Chairman Mao realized that after the liberation of the whole country, there were still many remnants of capitalists waiting for an opportunity to act, and they tried everything to add trouble to New China. Under the influence of these people, many cadres also had problems, so Chairman Mao decided to launch the "Five Antis Campaign," and hundreds of thousands of people were arrested and punished accordingly.
The "Five Antis Movement" was triggered in the course of the development of the "Three Antis Movement," which was carried out within the party, government, military, and people; and the "Five Antis" were campaigns carried out externally to punish the criminal acts of the pace capitalists.
Chairman Mao pointed out: "It is a vicious battle to rectify those in the Party who buy houses and land and are directors and managers, and at the same time engage in those illegal capitalists..."
In order to fight this vicious war well, Chairman Mao particularly stressed that in the "Five Antis Movement," we must act according to law and properly grasp the policy boundaries between violating the law and not breaking the law.
In terms of tactics of struggle, it is emphasized that it is necessary to win over as many large, medium, and small capitalists as possible, form a "five antis" united front, and isolate and crack down on a very small number of reactionary capitalists.
In terms of deployment work, it is emphasized that work should be carried out in a prepared and step-by-step manner, and that if the preparations are not good, we should not rush to do it; the "five antis" struggle is generally not carried out at the county, district, and township levels.
According to statistics, after the "Five Antis Movement" began, Chairman Mao approved 18 reports on Shanghai in just two months.
Chen Yi
Chairman Mao was well aware of the position of Shanghai's economic weight in the whole country, and as early as the eve of the liberation of Shanghai, he had a conversation with the person in charge who was preparing to take over Shanghai:
"If you can do a good job in Shanghai, the people of Shanghai and the whole world will not forget you." The people of all China and the whole world, and even our enemies, will test the ability of our Party to manage the big cities and the whole country by the quality of its work in Shanghai. ”
However, the "Five Antis Movement" also caused tension in society for a time, the capitalists panicked, the production of private enterprises declined, and more and more unemployed workers were lost.
Chairman Mao judged the hour and sized up the situation, actively adopted measures, and readjusted arrangements; on the one hand, he should clearly investigate the problems and deal a heavy blow to the black-hearted capitalists, and on the other hand, he should maintain the normal operation of social and economic life, so as not to affect the recovery and development of the national economy.
As a result of the above measures, the difficulties that arose in socio-economic life were quickly linked and improved, without causing major social unrest. The nationwide "Five Antis Movement" lasted half a year and successfully cracked down on the behavior of lawless capitalists and won another round of victory.
The "three antis" and "five antis" movements not only provided us with valuable experience in eliminating corruption within the party, but also played an important role in promoting the progress of the past.
Therefore, in just over a year, the feudal land ownership system that has lasted for thousands of years was completely abolished, and the vast number of peasants also became the masters of the land. On the basis of the successful completion of the land reform, the field survey work was completed in 1952, and the peasants also began to move towards the road of mutual assistance and cooperation!
Under the leadership of Chairman Mao, New China is getting better and better!