1. The Battle of Xifu
Period: April 7 to May 12, 1948.
Main conductors: Peng Dehuai, Hu Zongnan, Ma Bufang.
Combat Strength:
Our army: the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th columns, 3rd column besieged Luochuan.
Nationalist Army: Reorganized 1st Division, 30th Division, 36th, 38th, 65th Division, 82nd Division, 17th Division, 90th Division.
Battle Results:
Nationalist army: more than 21,000 casualties.
Our army: 6566 casualties, 8407 missing and leaving the team.
Campaign Evaluation:
1. Our army attacked the east and the west, conquered Baoji, and at the same time forced the Nationalist army to withdraw from Yan'an.
2. The distribution of the blocking troops is too small, only 4 brigades and 9 regiments.
3. The 4th column was ineffective in blocking and retreating without authorization, and Baoji was lost after 2 days of occupation.
4. After April 28, our army went around with the nationalist army for another half a month before getting rid of the enemy and ending the campaign.
5. This battle was first a big victory, and then lost, and was drawn with the nationalist army.
2. The Battle of Zhang Fengji
Period: October 3 to October 7, 1946.
Main conductors: Liu Bocheng, Hu Lian, Qiu Qingquan.
Our army: 2 columns, 3 columns, 6 columns, 7 columns, etc., a total of 60,000 people.
Nationalist Army: 5th Army, Integrated 11th Division, more than 50,000 people.
Nationalist army: 5th Army suffered 2390 casualties, the entire 11th Division lost nearly 3000 people, a total of more than 5300 casualties.
Our army: 740 people were lost in the 2 columns, and more than 4,300 people were killed in the 3rd, 6th, and 7th columns, for a total of more than 5,000 people.
1. Our army was unable to overcome the stronghold and only annihilated most of the 32nd Regiment of the entire 11th Division.
2. The regimental and battalion cadres suffered heavy casualties.
3. After the war, our army lost the base area in southwest Lu.
4. Nakano was psychologically overshadowed after the war, and later avoided fighting with the 11th Division.
3. Battle of Sixian County
Period: August 7 to August 9, 1946.
Main conductors: Chen Yi, Song Shilun.
Our army: 8th Yamano Division, 9th Column of Huazhongye and other 21 regiments, about 40,000 people.
Nationalist army: 2 regiments of the 172nd Division of the 7th Army of the Gui clan defended the city, and 2 regiments of the 7th Army reinforced, about 12,000 people.
Nationalists: About 3,000 casualties.
Our army: about 7,000 casualties.
1. There was no concentration of superior forces in the main direction of attack, and 18 regiments directly participated in the battle, but only 6 regiments were put into siege.
2. It was difficult to attack in the rain, the personnel were tired, and the artillery fire failed to play a role.
3, the Gui clan is tenacious in combat, are veterans, and fight to the end.
4. After breaking through the city gate, there was no good consolidation of the breakthrough point, and the active development was interspersed and divided; the troops who entered the city did not coordinate with each other and fought for each other.
4. The Battle of Linqu
Period: July 24 to July 30, 1947.
Main conductors: Chen Yi, Su Yu, Li Mi.
Our army: 2nd, 6th, 9th column besieged Linqu City, 7 columns blocked reinforcements, a total of more than 100,000 people.
Nationalist army: the entire 8th Division, the 9th Division, the 25th Division, the 64th Division, a total of more than 100,000 people.
Nationalist army: the entire 8th division lost about 4,000 people and captured more than 500 people; reinforcements of the nationalist army suffered more than 1,000 casualties, a total of more than 5,000 people.
Our army: 11,000 casualties, about 500 captured.
1. Tactically, it failed to completely solve the problem of hitting the mother-and-son fort and the coordination of infantry and artillery.
2. Huaye's division of troops led to insufficient attack power, and over-optimism after the Battle of Meng Lianggu, resulting in a feeling of light enemy pride.
3. Heavy rains fell continuously, causing great difficulties to the movement, attack, supply of food and ammunition, and rest of the troops.
The Battle of Siping
Period: April 18 to May 18, 1946.
Commanders of our army: Lin Biao, Peng Zhen; Zheng Dongguo, Du Yuming.
Our army: 14 divisions (brigades).
Nationalist Army: 10 divisions.
Nationalists: 6,868 casualties.
Our army: more than 8,000 casualties.
Course of the campaign:
1. Our army lacks the ability to fight frontal positions, and suffered heavy losses under the bombardment of Nationalist aircraft and tanks.
2. The new 1st Army of the Nationalist Army has extremely strong combat strength, and the combat effectiveness of the new group of our army is poor.
3. The two sides continue to increase their troops to fight, and our army takes the initiative to retreat in view of the unfavorable situation on the battlefield.
6. The Battle of Dehui
Period: February 26 to March 3, 1947.
Main conductors: Lin Biao, Hong Xuezhi, Sun Liren.
Our army: 6 columns, independent 2 divisions, a total of more than 40,000 people attacked; 1 column and other more than 40,000 people blocked.
Nationalist Army: The 50th Division of the New 1st Army, with about 7,000 people defending; 3 regiments of the New 1st Army, 8,000 reinforcements.
Nationalist army: 4,000 casualties.
Our army: more than 10,000 casualties.
1. There are many veterans of the New 1st Army, and the officers have certain combat experience and are good at organizing defensive operations.
2. Divide the firepower equally, the four divisions are divided into four sides to besiege, and each division fights a few points and does not move closer to each other.
3. Our artillery and tanks are superior, but they have not been able to play a role.
4. Sun Liren led 3 regimental commanders to detour, avoid the encirclement of our army, and successfully reinforced.
Seven, three battles and four draws
Period: June 11 to June 30, 1947.
Main conductors: Lin Biao, Li Tianyou, Chen Mingren.
Our army: 1st Column, West Manchuria Column, 6th Column 17th Division, two artillery regiments to besiege the city; 2nd Column, 3rd Column, 4th Column, 6th Column, 7 independent divisions, 2 cavalry divisions to reinforce; a total of 320,000 people.
Nationalist Army: 87th Division, 88th Division, 54th Division, 71st Army, multiple security regiments, a total of 34,000 people, half of whom were recruits.
9 divisions reinforced, about 70,000 people.
Nationalists: 23,000 casualties.
Our army: nearly 40,000 casualties.
1. Before the war, it was considered that the defenders were 15,000, and the actual defenders were doubled.
2. Ignorance of the difficulty of siping city battles.
3. Misjudgment of the will to resist the Siping defenders below Chen Mingren.
VIII. The Battle of Datong Jining
Time: July 20 to September 16, 1946.
Main conductors: Nie Rongzhen, He Long, Zhang Zongxun; Fu Zuoyi.
Our army: North China and Jinsui two field armies a total of 50 regiments, a total strength of more than 120,000 people.
Nationalist army: the Jin army garrison of about 25,000 people, reinforcements temporarily 3rd army 2 divisions, 35th army 3 divisions and 4 cavalry divisions a total of about 32,000 people.
Nationalists: 12,000 casualties.
Our army: more than 20,000 casualties.
1. Miscalculation before the war, underestimation of enemy reinforcements.
2. The Datong guards were underestimated, and the nationalist army continued to reinforce troops and materials, and failed to conquer them for 2 months.
3. The tired division of our army is unable to block the reinforcements, allowing the opponent to break through the defensive line.
4. In the Battle of Jining, he made a mistake in judgment and eventually lost.
9. The Battle of Zhangjiakou
Period: September 29 to October 12, 1946.
Main conductors: Nie Rongzhen, Xiao Ke, Fu Zuoyi, Li Wen.
Our army: 1st Column, 2nd Column, 3rd Column, 4th Column 10th Brigade, Independent 5th Brigade, etc., nearly 150,000 people.
Nationalist Army: 60,000 troops of the 16th Army, 94th Army and 53rd Army on the Eastern Front, 35th Army, 4th Newly Formed Cavalry Division, and Provisional 38th Division on the Western Front, 30,000 people.
Nationalist army: more than 10,000 casualties.
Our army: more than 20,000 casualties.
Zhangjiakou, the capital of the lost base area.
1. The defensive focus was wrong, and the main force was placed on the Eastern Front.
2. On the western front, Fu Jun concealed the plan of crossing the sea and took a detour to avoid the main defensive position of our army.
3. Cavalry and automobile units rapidly broke through, using tanks to open the way when attacking the key points, and our army quickly lost its position.
4. The defensive front collapsed, the city was evacuated in a hurry, and our army suffered great losses in quilts, cotton clothes, and grain, making it difficult to survive the winter.
5. In the process of retreat, it was pursued by enemy cavalry, and there were also bombing by aircraft in the air, and our army was in chaos during the retreat, with great losses and heavy casualties.
10. Battle of the Heart in Jizhong
Period: April 11 to April 16, 1947.
Main conductors: Nie Rongzhen, Sun Yi, Fu Zuoyi, Eyousan.
Our army: The Independent Battalion of the Jizhong Sub-district and other local units; the Jizhong Column and the 4th Column withdrew their reinforcements.
Nationalist army: 12 cavalry brigade, explosive brigade, press and propaganda team, a total of more than 1,000 people.
Nationalists: Lost one war horse.
Our army: local armed casualties 3,400, 132 captured, a total of more than 500 people.
More than 50,000 tons of rice, flour and miscellaneous grains were destroyed, and 15 arsenals and 5 other factories were destroyed.
1. The North China Field Army launched the Battle of Cha'nan Suidong, causing an emptiness in the central Hebei region.
2. Fu Zuoyi mobilized 6 infantry divisions, 1 cavalry division and other main forces to gather in Zhangjiakou, and at the same time formed a rapid force to raid the rear of our army.
3. Fu Bu's rapid troops directly pounded the capital of the base area and carried out explosion and destruction of organs, factories, and material reserves.
4. The local troops of our army suffered heavy casualties, and after Fu Bu won the battle, they quickly withdrew without any losses.
5. The Battle of Suidong in Chanan ended hastily.