Centennial Hundred Generals 168: Li Yu
Author: Forget about the jianghu
In the anti-Japanese battlefield behind enemy lines, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army successively established 19 base areas.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, these base areas were merged into five strategic areas: Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningjin-Ningsui,Jin-Cha-Ji, Jin-Ji-Luyu, Shandong,and central China. The Shandong base area is the only base area dominated by a province, and it is also the only base area that did not rely on the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army and was independently created from scratch. The founder of the Shandong base area and the Shandong column was General Li Yu.
Li Yu was ordered to rebuild the severely damaged Shandong organization single-handedly at a time of crisis; planned and led ten major anti-Japanese armed uprisings and developed nearly 30,000 armed forces; during the Period of The War of Resistance and Liberation, he successively partnered Zhang Jingwu, Zhu Rui, Luo Ronghuan, and Chen Yi, who were enough to be awarded generals in both seniority and battle merit, but unexpectedly rubbed shoulders with military ranks.
Li Yu
Li Yu, formerly known as Li Xingtang and yuren, was born in 1906 in Chengxian County, Shanxi (present-day Yuanping County).
The Li family is a wealthy family in the local countryside, not only has 70 or 80 acres of land, employs long-term workers, but also does some coal business in the winter leisure season, and the economic conditions are better. Li Yu's father worked as a clerk at the town's grocery store and came home to help when the farmer was busy. Li Yu, the only son of the Li family, entered a private school at the age of 10, was admitted to the high school of Daniu Town at the age of 14, and later entered the county middle school and became the secretary of the special branch.
In March 1928, Yan Xishan cooperated with Jiang And Wang to start "Qing Dang", Li Xingtang, Li Sanlou, Guo Congzhou and other 7 classmates were arrested, and after 3 months of investigation, they were released after 3 months without solid evidence, for the convenience of work, Li Xingtang took the li surname "Li" and the milk name "Yu" and assumed the pseudonym "Li Yu".
In 1929, Li Yu, Guo Congzhou, Li Sanlou and others were successively admitted to the Russian Department of Economics of the University of Political Science and Law. In March 1931, the Party organization in Tianjin was seriously damaged, and Yin Jian, the secretary of Hebei, sent Li Yu as the provisional secretary of Tianjin. After returning to Beiping in July, the Underground Organization in Hebei was destroyed due to the rebellion of Liao Andi and Wu Zhengting. Yin Jian was arrested, and the new secretary, Ma Huizhi, sent Li Yu to Shijiazhuang to work.
In the summer of 1932, police searched For Leaflets and Documents at Li Yu's residence, and Li Yu was arrested and imprisoned in Beiping. His friends found Wan Fulin, commander of the 53rd Army of the Northeast Army. In March 1933, Commander Wan was released on bail, and Li Yu was released after seven months of detention. Soon, he was appointed secretary of Pingxi and organized a luan strike with Chen Shaomin, Wang Kuisheng and other organizations.
In April 1936, the Shandong Party organization was destroyed, and Li Yulin was appointed as secretary to rebuild the Shandong organization.
On May 1, Li Yu evaded the surveillance of traitors and agents and held his first meeting with Zhao Jianmin, director of the organization department, and Lin Hao, director of propaganda, in the cypress forest cemetery north of Jinan's SiliShan. Then a new organizational structure was built in the province, with Zhao Jianmin, Wang Wenxuan and others in Jinan, Liu Yanchun, Xu Yunbei, Liu Zhongying and others in northwest Lubei, and Ludong with Lu Province, Jing Xiaocun, Chen Shaoqing and others.
After a year of hard work, the organizations at all levels in Shandong, which had been interrupted for 3 years, were restored.
Shandong anti-Japanese armed uprising
In April 1937, Li Yu, who had come to Yan'an to attend the meeting, met Mao, Zhu, and many famous Red Army generals for the first time, and when he heard Li Yu's report on the situation in Shandong, the chairman sighed: Shandong has a foundation, and it is necessary to do a good job in laying a good foundation for the united front.
After the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Yu, who returned to Jinan from Yan'an, officially served as secretary, zhang Linzhi, director of organization, Lin Hao, director of propaganda, and Jing Xiaocun, secretary general. At the same time, it was decided to divide Shandong into ten regions and actively prepare for the anti-Japanese armed uprising.
In October 1937, the Japanese army invaded Shandong, and Li Yu moved from Jinan to Tai'an with the organs. On November 16, the Japanese army approached Jinan, and Han Fuyu's 100,000 troops abandoned the city and fled south without a fight. On December 24, Li Yu held a "meeting of ten people" at the South Grate Shop in Tai'an City, and decided to organize and launch the Laoshan Uprising when the Japanese army occupied Tai'an.
On the last day of 1937, the Japanese occupied Tai'an. The next day, the Laoshan Uprising broke out.
This was the first shot of the Shandong anti-Japanese resistance, and the rebel troops established the fourth detachment of the Shandong anti-Japanese guerrilla detachment of the Eighth Route Army, and Li Yu concurrently served as the political commissar. A few months later, the insurrectionary troops grew to more than 4,000 people, and the Laoshan Uprising, the Heitieshan Uprising, and the Tianfushan Uprising stood on three feet, creating the Luzhong, Bohai, and Jiaodong base areas, and the contingent grew to more than 10,000 people, but it also exposed the problems of lack of cadres, backward weapons, and lack of experience.
Li Yu decided to move his troops to Yan'an again and asked the chairman to send a main force of the Eighth Route Army to Shandong.
On March 8, 1938, Li Yu, who had made some preparations, took Feng Ping, Zhi Runqing and two guards who knew kung fu, disguised as merchants selling Jingzhi shochu, set off from Mengyin to Xuzhou, ran by train for 2 days and 2 nights to Xi'an, and then under the arrangement of Lin Boqu, the office of the Eighth Route Army, arrived in Sanyuan by car loaded with rice, and finally rushed to Yan'an on foot.
On the day of arriving in Yan'an, Li Yu immediately reported to Zhang Wentian and Secretary Liu of the Northern Bureau.
The next day, the chairman set up a table of dishes, using the Jingzhi shochu brought by Li Yu to "borrow flowers to offer Buddha", entertained a group of eighth route army generals, the wine was half drunk, the chairman stood up to signal everyone to be quiet, and then pointed to a strange face: "Li Yu, you stand up, let everyone know and know!" ”
When reporting the situation separately with the chairman, Li Yu proposed to send a main force to Shandong. When the chairman learned that Shandong already had nearly 30,000 armed forces, he couldn't help but be a little surprised, and said in a loud voice: "There are too few regiments, and we must send more cadres to Shandong." ”
Hu Qicai, Li Yu, and Liao Rongbiao were in Shandong
The chairman did what he said, and soon dispatched Liao Rongbiao, Han Mingzhu, Zhao Jie and other 8 old Red Army soldiers.
In addition, there were also cadres of the Red Army of the brigade, the first batch of more than 50 people including Guo Hongtao, Duan Junyi, Yang Guofu, Qian Jun, two radio stations and a batch of urgently needed medical equipment; the second batch included Peng Xuefeng, Jiang Hua, Wu Kehua, and Hu Qicai, who led more than 160 students from kang da and northern Shaanxi public schools. In the third batch, Chen Guang and Luo Ronghuan were simply sent directly to lead the 115th Division and the 686th Regiment into Shandong.
The chairman originally asked Li Yu to go to Wuhan to find Zhou Gong and ask General Luo Binghui, who had won every battle, to Shandong, but Luo Binghui assisted Zhou Gong in doing united front work, which was really inseparable, so he sent Zhang Jingwu and Li Yu to Shandong.
In September 1938, Li Yu and Zhang Jingwu led their troops to Liaocheng. When General Fan Zhuxian heard the news and led the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians to welcome him, Li Yu sent the chairman's handwritten letter to Fan Zhuxian, who was nearly a year old, and the old man Fan Zhuxian was overjoyed to see the chairman praise him and the people of Luxi to resist Japan. When the cadre brigade was leaving, Li Yu gave the chairman's "On Protracted War" to Fan Zhuxian and others.
What makes people feel strangled is that after Li Yu, Zhang Jingwu and others left, the Japanese army soon launched a large-scale attack on the Anti-Japanese team in Luxi, and Fan Zhuxian fought a bloody battle with Zhang Yuguang, Yao Dihong and other 700 heroes to the end and sacrificed their lives for the country.
When Li Yu learned of this, he was heartbroken for the loss of a patriot. Li Yu and Zhang Jingwu returned to Jinan, immediately negotiated with Han Fuyu in accordance with the instructions of the chairman, and rationally tried to get the "Tu Emperor" of Shandong to release more than 400 people, including Zhao Jianmin, Song Cheng, and Li Qi, who were imprisoned.
In December 1938, the eight detachments of cavalry of the Shandong Column entered Yimeng Mountain
During the stalemate phase of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Japanese army dealt with the enemy's rear base areas with its main forces, and the Shandong Eighth Route Army had less than 60,000 people, which were not only scattered but also lacked coordination for each other, and were also diverse in organization. There were not only the Eighth Route Army, but also local rebel troops and guerrillas, mixed with the regular national army and bandits.
To this end, the chairman instructed that all our troops should use the name of the Eighth Route Army, and in order to strengthen leadership, the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army should be established. In December 1938, the Shandong Column was established in Wangzhuang, Yishui County, in the hinterland of Yimeng Mountain, with commander Zhang Jingwu and political commissar Li Yu, with 24,500 people in 10 detachments and 2 regiments.
On March 31, 1939, Luo Ronghuan arrived at Wangzhuang and met Li Yu. In June, Xu Xiangqian and Zhu Rui led the first column of the Eighth Route Army into Shandong and unified command of Shandong, the Eighth Route Army in northern Jiangsu, the New Fourth Army, and the guerrillas. In September 1941, with Zhu Rui as secretary, Zhu Rui, Luo Ronghuan, Li Yu, and Chen Guang formed the Shandong Sub-Bureau, and the Shandong Anti-Japanese Armed Forces were nominally led by the 115th Division.
However, the run-in between the 115th Division, the Shandong Column and the First Column went wrong, and the cadres were incompatible with each other.
In the summer of 1942, Zhufan Town, Shandong, Li Yu, Secretary Liu, Xiao Hua, Luo Ronghuan and so on
On April 10, 1942, Secretary Liu, who was instructed by the chairman, arrived at Zhufan Village, Linshu County, where the 115th Division was stationed.
Secretary Liu and Zhu Rui talked for three days, Talked with Chen Guang and Luo Ronghuan for a day and a night, and talked with Li Yu for another day. I also learned about the situation with various departments and turned the information page by page. After more than half a month of investigation and analysis, Secretary Liu found the crux of the problem.
At the April 27 meeting, Secretary Liu criticized the disunity between the three sides in person and asked them to send a telegram to the chairman of Yan'an for review. Subsequently, Zhu Rui, the secretary of the Shandong branch, was transferred back to Yan'an. In March 1943, Shandong implemented unification, With Luo Ronghuan as commander and political commissar, and later secretary of the Shandong branch, Li Yu as deputy political commissar, xiao Hua as director of the political department, and the Eighth Route Army of Shandong truly achieved unified command.
During the Liberation War, Li Yu served as deputy political commissar of the Shandong Field Army and was an assistant to commander and political commissar Chen Yi. Such seniority was enough to confer the title of general after the founding of the People's Republic of China, but because he was criticized as a "kulak line" in the land reform, Li Yu was suppressed.
Stay away from the core layer, completely out of touch with ranks. However, Li Yu took into account the overall situation, endured the humiliation and burden, and did not refute it.
In March 1986, when Li Yu was seriously ill, the organization revoked the hat on Li Yu's head after a detailed investigation, completely restoring the reputation of this hero.
During the liberation period, Li Yu (second from the left), Chen Yi, Zhang Yunyi and so on in the mountains
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