In the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, everyone generally focused on the war, but ignored the problem of logistical support!
Xiaobian would like to ask here, do you know how much military salary and grain can be paid and grain in a month for a soldier in the Kuomintang army? I believe that many people do not know. With this article, Xiaobian will tell you about the changes in the number of salaries in different time periods, different armies, and different armies! There is also the National Government, what method is used to ensure the supply of grain and grass!
Before the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Nationalist government's military grain and salary were a system! Simply put, the government sends money to each army, converts grain and grass into money, and the troops find their own way to buy it! This method lasted for a long time, but there was a very serious drawback, that is, when the army purchased grain, some grain merchants would wait for the opportunity to hoard goods and raise the price of grain.
After the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, as large areas became occupied areas, the transportation channels of grain were blocked, the price of grain rose and the ship rose, and the phenomenon of being unable to buy or unable to buy grain often occurred. In order to solve this problem, the National Government began to introduce a separate system of food and military pay.
At that time, according to the market conditions, a soldier was supplied with 24 taels of rice or flour per day (one pound was equal to 16 taels).
The supply of grain is still stable compared to the price, and the change in food and silver is relatively large. In 1932, a soldier could receive 7 yuan a month, but in the later period, with inflation, a soldier could receive 700 yuan.
Let us just say here about the supply of grain and grass by the National Government to the army!
On August 18, 1937, the National Government promulgated the Regulations on the Administration of Wartime Grain, in which the Economic Department of the Executive Yuan regulates the production and supply of grain, and also stipulates that anyone who supplies grain to the enemy shall be punished by death. Grain smugglers, on the basis of enemy offense, exceed 100,000 catties, are sentenced to death, and less than 100,000 catties are sentenced to more than 7 years of imprisonment.
Various food management methods have been tried!
Until 1941, there was a huge shortage of grain for the army, and the National Government formally established the Ministry of Grain to prepare military grain in a unified manner by the time of the autumn harvest. On the one hand, political and economic means are used to stabilize grain prices; on the other hand, throughout the country, pricing and requisition are implemented to ensure the supply of military grain.
In 1943, the Ministry of Grain achieved great results by collecting gifts, pricing grain purchases, and limiting grain prices, ensuring the supply of military food. In 1945, after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the country's military food reserves reached 26.01 million stones.
When grain is available, what method does the National Government use to transport it to the various war zones?
Here we will mention the system of transporting military food in wartime.
From 1937 to 1940, to a large extent, it was still mainly about sending money, but there was already room for choice, and each war zone could choose money or grain according to the current situation!
After 1940, the transportation of military grain adopted a centralized method!
The first, from the procurement point, is transported directly to the station. If the troops are only one day away from the procurement point, they will be sent directly through the heavy troops. If it exceeds a one-day journey, it will be uniformly deployed through the military station.
In 1942, a total of 13 transport brigades, 1 scooter brigade, 2 trolley brigades, and 1 rubber wheeler brigade were established in various theaters across the country. In the later period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the station set up 13 heavy car regiments and 9 independent car battalions.
As an example, the Sixth Army Station, located in the southwest, northwest, and central and southern supply areas, has up to 80,000 human wheel members alone, equipped with 4,500 trolleys, 34,500 livestock transport teams, 3,300 large carts, and 20,000 horses and mules.
From the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression to the end, the number of soldiers in the Kuomintang army has been maintained by about 5 million people, and these simple modes of transportation are stretched to the limit! In the later period, railways were used and ships transported military food.
Military food storage is also a big problem!
Under normal circumstances, military food is handed over to the grain management agency and then uniformly allocated to the various units. During the war, the National Government generally used idle temples, ancestral halls, schools, etc. such public houses, slightly repaired, as a military food warehouse, it is conceivable that such a simple environment, will inevitably wear and tear.
In the first half of 1945 alone, the national military food loss was as high as 6.8 million pounds.
In 1941, for example, the number of military grain supplies nationwide was as high as 62 million, and 6.9 million bales of rice, 3.84 million bales of wheat, 2.47 million sachets of flour, 140,000 bales of miscellaneous grains, and 120 million yuan of substitutes.
From here, we can see that the war is not only fully trapped, but to a large extent, it is a foundation!