Yan Yuan asked Ren, and Zi Yue said, "Self-denial is benevolence." One day of self-denial, the world returns to benevolence. For the sake of benevolence, but by others? Yan Yuanyue: "May I ask its purpose?" Zi Yue: "Don't look at incivility, don't listen to incivility, don't talk about incivility, don't move if you are incivility." Yan Yuanyue: "Although hui is not sensitive, please do something." ”
Yan Yuan asked what Ren was. Confucius said, "Restrain yourself, and do everything according to the requirements of the rites, this is benevolence." Once you have done this, everyone in the world will praise you for your benevolence. To practice benevolence, we must rely on ourselves, but do we rely on others? Yan Yuan said, "What is the way to practice benevolence?" Confucius said, "Do not look at things that violate etiquette, do not listen to things that violate etiquette, do not say things that violate etiquette, and do not do things that violate etiquette." Yan Yuan said, "Although I am stupid, please let me do as I say." ”
Zhonggong asked Ren, "When you go out, you will see the great guest, and the people will be like a great sacrifice." Do not do to others what you do not want. No complaints in the state, no complaints at home. Zhonggong said, "Although Yong is not sensitive, please do something." ”
Zhonggong asked Confucius how to behave in order to be benevolent. Confucius replied, "When you go out to perform rituals with your colleagues, you are as dignified as a noble guest, and you are as dignified as a great sacrifice to the people, and do not impose on others what you do not like." In this way, there will be no resentment in the court, and there will be no resentment in private interactions at home. Zhonggong said, "Although I am not intelligent, I will definitely do what the teacher says." ”
Sima Niu asked Ren, and Zi Yue said, "The benevolent one, his words are also praised." "His words are also true, si said to be benevolent?" Zi Yue: "It is difficult for it, and it is not surprising to say it?" ”
Sima Niu asked what to do with Ren. Confucius said, "Benevolent man, his words appear cautious. Sima Niu said, "Speak carefully, can this be called benevolence?" Confucius said: "It is very difficult to do, can we not be cautious when we say it?" ”
Sima Niu asked the gentleman, and the son said, "The gentleman is not worried or afraid." "Don't worry or be afraid, si is a gentleman?" Zi Yue: "Introspection is not guilty, why should the husband worry or be afraid?" ”
Sima Niu asked how to be a gentleman. Confucius said, "A gentleman is not sorrowful or afraid." Sima Niu said, "Don't be worried, not afraid, so that you can be called a gentleman?" Confucius said, "If you have no shame in your own heart, then what sorrow and fear are there?" ”
Sima Niu worried: "Everyone has brothers, and I die alone." Zi Xia Yue: "The business is known: there is life in the dead, and wealth is in the sky." Gentlemen are respectful and respectful, respectful and courteous, and brothers from all over the world. Why should a gentleman suffer from having no brothers? ”
Sima Niu said sadly, "Everyone has brothers, but only I don't." The brothers died and fled, and they all lost. Zi Xia said, "I have heard: 'Death and life have a destiny, and wealth is in heaven.'" It is not something that man can force, and he should accept the divine arrangement. Gentlemen do things solemnly and seriously, do not make mistakes, are respectful to people, and are in accordance with etiquette, and within the four seas, they are all brothers. Why is a gentleman worried about not having a brother? ”
Zi Zhang asked Ming, Zi Yue: "The saying of infiltration, the sorrow of the skin, can not be said to be clear; the saying of infiltration, the sorrow of the skin, can be said to be far away." ”
Zi Zhang asked what to do to be wise. Confucius said, "Rumors spread in secret, slanders that you feel personally, do not work in your place, and you can be called wise." The rumors spread in secret, the slanders that you feel personally, cannot work in your place, and you can say that you have foresight. ”
Zi Gong asked the government, and Zi Yue said: "Enough food, enough soldiers, and the people's trust." Zi Gong Yue: "I must go away, what is the first of the three Ofs?" "Go soldiers." Zi Gong Yue: "I have to go away, what is the first of Yu Si and si?" "Go eat." Since ancient times, there has been death, and the people have no faith or standing. ”
Zigong asked how to govern the country. Confucius replied, "Sufficient grain reserves, sufficient armaments, and the people's confidence, and Zigong asked, "If you have to remove one of them, which one should be removed?" Confucius said, "Remove the item of armament adequacy." Zigong then asked, "If you have to make a trade-off, which of the remaining two should be discarded first?" Confucius replied: "If you give up the fact that there are sufficient grain reserves, no one who has died since ancient times will lose the trust of the people, and the monarch will lose the foundation of the country." ”
Thorn Zicheng said: "The quality of a gentleman is only enough, why should I write about it?" Zi Gong Yue: "Unfortunately, the Master's saying is also a gentleman!" Donkeys can't reach the tongue. Wen Juju is also, and the quality juju is also. Tiger and Leopard's Yin Yu Dog Sheep's Whip. ”
Thorn Zicheng said: "As long as a gentleman has good qualities, why should he have literary style?" Zi Gong said, "It's a pity, Master, that you talk about gentlemen like this." A word is uttered, and the horse is difficult to chase. Essence is like literary style, and literary style is like essence, all of which are equally important. Tigers and leopards whose fur has been stripped are like dogs and sheepskins that have been stripped of their fur. ”
The Duke of Sorrow asked Yu Youruo, "Hunger in the year, insufficient use, so what?" If you say, "Huh? "Second, I am not enough, how thorough is it?" "The people are sufficient, and the kings and the inadequacies are insufficient?" The people are insufficient, and the king is full? ”
Lu Aigong asked Youruo, "In the event of a famine, the state's spare resources are insufficient, what should we do?" Yuruo replied, "Why not implement the thorough law and take only one-tenth of the tax?" The Duke of Sorrow said, "Now that two-tenths of the pumping is not enough, how can we implement the thorough Fa?" If the people have enough use, how can you not do enough?" If the people don't use enough, how can you have enough? ”
Zi Zhang asked Chongde to discern, and Zi Yue said, "The Lord is faithful, righteous, and chongde." Love desires its life, and evil desires its death; it desires both its life and its death, and it is confusion. 'Sincerity is not rich, nor is it different.' ’”
Zi Zhang asked how to revere virtue and discernment. Confucius said, "If you are mainly faithful and trustworthy, you can hear righteousness and follow it, which can be regarded as reverence." If you love a person, you want him to live, and if you hate him, you want him to die immediately. Wanting him to live and want him to die is confusion. As the Book of Poetry says: 'Even if you don't hate the poor and love the rich, you still like the new and hate the old.' ’”
Qi Jinggong asked Confucius about the government, and Confucius said to Him: "Junjun, subject, father, son." Gong Yue: "Zenya! Faith is like a king who is not a king, a subject who is not a subject, a father who is not a father, and a son who is not a son, though there is millet, I will eat it? ”
Qi Jinggong asked Confucius how to govern the country. Confucius said: "Those who are monarchs must be like a king, those who are courtiers must be like a courtiers, those who are fathers must be like fathers, and those who are sons must be like sons." Qi Jinggong said, "Wow! If it is true that the monarch is not like the monarch, the courtier is not like the courtier, the father is not like the father, the son is not like the son, even if there is grain, can I eat it? ”
Zi Yue: "A piece of speech can be broken for a prisoner, and its reason is also related to it?" "The sub-road has no promise.
Confucius said: "According to a one-sided confession, the only person who can adjudicate a litigation case is probably Zhongyu." "Zi Lu didn't talk when he didn't count.
Zi Yue: "Listen to the lawsuit, I am a Judean person." It will also make no lawsuits. ”
Confucius said, "When I hear a lawsuit, I am the same as others. The aim is to make the lawsuit no longer happen! ”
Zi Zhang asked the government, and Zi Yue said: "Live tirelessly, and be loyal to your deeds." ”
Zi Zhang asked how to govern political affairs. Confucius said: "I do not slack off in my official position, and I am faithful and do not deceive when carrying out the orders of the king." ”
Zi Yue: "Erudite in literature, about etiquette, can also be a man of peace." ”
Confucius said, "Gentlemen study the literature extensively and then restrain them with liturgy, so that they will not deviate from the scriptures." ”
Zi Yue: "The beauty of a gentleman's adulthood is the evil of an adult; the villain is the opposite." ”
Confucius said, "Gentlemen usually accomplish the good deeds of others, but do not promote the bad deeds of others." Villains are the opposite. ”
Ji Kangzi asked Confucius about the government, and Confucius said to him: "Politician, Zhengye." Zi Shuai is righteous, who dares to be right? ”
Ji Kangzi asked Confucius how to govern the country. Confucius replied, "'Politics' means to be upright, and if you do it yourself first, who would dare to be upright?" ”
Ji Kangzi suffered from theft and asked Confucius. Confucius said to him, "He who does not desire a son, though he does not steal what he rewards." ”
Ji Kangzi, worried about theft, came to ask Confucius for advice. Confucius replied, "If you don't covet too much money, even if you reward them for stealing, they won't do it." ”
Ji Kangzi asked Confucius, "If there is no way to kill, there is a way, how can it be?" Confucius said to him, "The son is the government, and the son is killed?" The Son desires goodness and the people are good. The gentleman's moral wind, the villain's moral grass, the grass on the grass will prevail. ”
Ji Kangzi asked Confucius about political affairs and said, "What if you kill bad people in order to get close to good people?" Confucius said, "When you govern the country, how did you think of killing?" If you govern well, the people will be well. The gentleman's character is like the wind, and the villain's character is like grass. If the wind blows on the grass, the grass will surely fall. ”
Zi Zhang asked, "Shi He Rusi can be said to be da yi?" Zi Yue: "What is the so-called master of Ho Zhar?" Zi Zhang said to him: "I will smell it in the state, and I will smell it at home." Zi Yue: "It is Wen Ye, Fei Da Ye." Fuda is also a man of straightness and righteousness, who observes his words and looks at the colors, and who cares about the following. In BangPida, at home It will be reached. Those who hear of it, take the color and act in violation of it, and there is no doubt about it. It must be heard in the state, and it must be heard at home. ”
Zi Zhang asked, "What does it take for a soldier to be said to be proficient?" Confucius said, "What are you talking about?" Zi Zhang replied, "There must be a reputation in the country of the princes, and there must be a reputation in the fiefdom of the Doctor." Confucius said, "This is fame, not mastery." A well-versed person, who is honest in nature and loves morality, who appreciates the words of others, observes the faces of others, and often thinks of being humble to others. Such a person must be accessible in the country of the princes, and in the fiefdom of the doctor. People with a reputation want to practice benevolence on the surface but in action on the contrary, and they do not hesitate to think of themselves as benevolent people. They must have a name in the country of the princes, and they must have a name in the fiefdom of the Doctor. ”
Fan Chi wandered under the dancing goose and said, "Dare to ask chongde, cultivate, and discern." Zi Yue: "Zenya asked!" Before and after the fact, non-reverence and? Attack its evil, no attack on the evil of others, not cultivation and? A day of anger, forgetting his body, and his relatives, not confused and? ”
Fan Chi accompanied Confucius on a tour under the dance platform and said, "How can I improve my moral cultivation, correct my mistakes, and distinguish between right and wrong?" Confucius said, "Good question!" Hard work comes first, pleasure comes later, can't this improve your moral cultivation? Doesn't checking your own mistakes and not blaming others for their shortcomings eliminate the underlying resentment? Isn't it confusion to be angry for a moment, regardless of oneself and one's own parents? ”
Fan Chi asked Ren, "Lover." Ask the knower, the son said, "Know the people." Fan Chi did not reach it, and the son said: "Straightening up the wrongdoers can make the wrongdoers straight." Fan Chi retreated, saw Zi Xia, and said: "Xiang also saw the master and asked, the son said: 'Straightening out the wrongdoers can make the wrongdoers straight', what is it? Zi Xia Yue: "Fu Ya said it! Shun has the world, chooses the crowd, lifts gao pottery, and the unkind are far away. Tang has the world, chooses the public, lifts Yi Yin, and the unkind are far away. ”
Fan Chi asked what ren was, and Confucius said, "Lover." Fan Chi asked what wisdom was, and Confucius said, "Understand people." Fan Chi still didn't understand. Confucius said, "Select upright people and depose all kinds of adulterers, so that the evil ones can be converted to righteousness." Fan Chi withdrew, saw Zi Xia and said: "Just now I met the teacher and asked him what 'wisdom' was, and the teacher said: 'Select upright people and depose all kinds of adulterous people, so that the evil people can be converted.'" What does this mean? Zi Xia said, "How profound is this!" Shun manages the world, selects talents among the people, and chooses Gao Tao, and the unkind people are alienated. Tang managed the world, selected talents among the people, and chose Yi Yin, and the unkind people were alienated. ”
Zi Gong asked his friend, Zi Yue: "Advice and good way, do not stop, do not humiliate yourself." ”
Zigong asked how to treat his friends. Confucius said, "Tell each other the advice, and if you say good things, if he doesn't listen, don't humiliate yourself." ”
Zeng Ziyi said: "A gentleman will be a friend with a text, and a friend will be a friend." ”
Zeng Zi said: "Noble people gather friends with literary talents, and rely on friends to assist in benevolence." ”
![Lu Aigong, the ruler of the State of Lu, turned a deaf ear to Confucius's words, and the ending was sad![fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)