Zi Gong Yue: "Poor and unscrupulous, rich and arrogant, how can it be?" ”
Zi Yue: "But also." Those who are not poor and happy, rich and courteous. ”
Zi Gong Yue: "The poem Yun: 'If it is like cutting like a discussion, such as pondering like a mill', what is said about it is the same as? ”
Zi Yue: "Give i also, and the words of the "poem" have been completed, and tell those who have come to know." ”
Translations
Zigong said: "What about people who are poor but do not shoot at people, and who are rich but are arrogant and rude to people? ”
Confucius said, "It is good to be able to do this." But it is still inferior to the poor but the pursuit of truth, the rich but like the righteous. ”
Zigong said: "The Book of Poetry says: 'Learning good character is like processing bone, ivory, jade, stone and other materials, which require cutting, carving, grinding, and pursuing better and better.' 'That's the case, right?' ”
Confucius said, "Yes, I can talk to you about the Book of Poetry now, and if you tell you what was in the past, you will be able to understand what will come." ”
unscramble
Zigong was a businessman and very rich, and it seemed that he felt that he had achieved no arrogance when he was poor and had no arrogance when he was rich, so he wanted to hear Confucius's evaluation.
The purpose of greeting the rich and noble is to hope to be taken care of by others. Those who are deceitful tend to disregard the principles of right and wrong, and justice and justice are undermined. The nature of arrogance and arrogance towards the poor and the lowly is that of a low level of knowledge. "Arrogant and proud" is still not advisable, and "arrogant and proud" is particularly tasteless. As the saying goes, "The rich man who licks has food to eat, and the bullying of the poor is not messy", and the irony is the phenomenon of "poor and obedient, rich and proud". Being able to achieve "poverty without scorn, rich without pride" shows that its people have reached a height beyond ordinary people in terms of paying attention to the dignity and cultivation of human beings.
The so-called "knowing honor and disgrace with enough food and clothing" has the ability to explain the situation of most people, which does not mean that some people can also know honor and disgrace in the case of insufficient food and clothing, such as Yan Yuan, Yuan Xian and others in Kongmen, which belong to the typical representatives of "poor and happy". Because "poor and happy" is more difficult to do than "rich and happy", it is so precious, so Confucius said that "poor and unsympathetic" is not as good as "poor and happy".
The so-called "courtesy can not be inferior to the common people" means that the people who lack food and clothing cannot be harshly demanded by the norms of etiquette. But this does not mean that shu people can not be polite and polite, Yan Yuan is a person who is willing to do "do not look at incivility, do not listen to incivility, do not speak of incivility, do not move". "Good manners" and "no arrogance" are not the same, so Confucius said that "rich and not proud" is not as good as "rich and good manners".
The "ritual" in this passage is actually a synonym for "Tao", and Confucius advocated that people, rich or poor, should be happy and should be polite.
Confucius's requirements for human conduct were higher than Zigong's, and Zigong immediately thought of the "like a discussion, like a grind" in the Book of Poetry, understood the profound meaning of these words used in the cultivation of human character, and achieved the effect of integrating the knowledge learned and drawing inferences from one another, so that Confucius praised: "It can be said that the "poem" has been completed, and told those who have come to know." "This is a heavy reward for Zigong, and its weight is self-evident, and people can experience the feeling of Zigong's overjoy at that time."
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