The Romance of the Three Kingdoms exaggerates Zhuge Liang's brilliant wisdom and scheming, describing him as a monster, what straw boat borrows arrows, borrows the East Wind, eight arrays, seven captures and seven verticals, and the dead Zhuge Liang scares away Sheng Zhongda, and describes a good outstanding politician as a jianghu warlock. Since Zhuge Liang was such a cow, why did he lose? The explanation of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is that the number of days is determined, and God has set it, even a cattle person like Zhuge Liang cannot go against the sky.
Of course, Zhuge Liang could not go against the heavens, but the reason had nothing to do with the number of days, which was feudal superstition. Zhuge Liang himself was an outstanding administrative specialist, and the Shu Han appointed him as a chancellor and served as the prime minister of the country, which can be described as a person who made the best use of him. However, he was not an excellent military expert, and his ability in marching and fighting wars was far inferior to that of Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei, who had been fighting for many years.
However, Zhuge Liang and his successors still ended in failure, which had little to do with their level of war. Why did Zhuge Liang lose? There are three main reasons.
First point: it's too late.
By the time Zhuge Liang met Liu Bei, Cao Cao had already occupied a vast area from the Guanzhong Plain to North China, and the forces of Gongsun Zhan, Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, and Ma Teng, who had been running rampant in this area, had all been destroyed. This was the richest and most prosperous area in China at that time.
At that time, although Jiangnan was in the hands of Sun Quan, the land in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River had not yet been developed, quite primitive and backward, and the degree of wealth was far from being comparable to That of Cao Cao. Without the development of the land, there would be no money and grain; without money and grain, it would be impossible to raise a decent army to confront Cao Cao. Therefore, sooner or later, the Eastern Wu regime will be doomed.
This is Teacher Liu Bei
At that time, Liu Bei did not even have a decent territory, living on Liu Biao's territory and breathing on people's noses. Zhuge Liang gave him the idea of occupying the central Shu region first. It's a good idea, but it's also a helpless one. Because with Liu Bei's strength at that time, he could only plot against Shuzhong, and there was no chance elsewhere.
Although Shudi had the reputation of the kingdom of Tianfu, in fact, the level of property in Shudi at that time was far inferior to that of the Guanzhong region. Later, after the founding of the Shu Han Dynasty, relying on the strength of the whole country to support a standing army of 100,000 people was stretched thin, and you knew that the Shu Han was a congenitally insufficient regime.
Just think, if Zhuge Liang had seen Liu Bei earlier, when the world was in chaos and North China was undecided, and Zhuge Liang's ability to grasp the current situation and determine the founding strategy early, then Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang would not have been trapped in the dead place of Shuzhong, and it was not yet known who was in the world.
This teacher is very similar to Liu Bei just now, but he is Cao Cao
Second point: The enemy is not stupid.
I knew that someone must have raised the bar, saying that Liu Bang had returned to Shu land and then exerted his strength to seize the world. Shudi is the land of Longxing in the Han Dynasty, how can it be the land of death?
Whether Shudi is a dead land or not depends on who your opponent is. Liu Bang's opponent at that time was Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu was bent on restoring the pattern before the Qin Dynasty, that is, to turn the world back into the Warring States Era when the princes were divided. Therefore, after overthrowing the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu's approach was to divide the eighteen princes and divide the country again.
Liu Bang was enfeoffed by Xiang Yu to shu and given the title of King of Han. In order to control Liu Bang, Xiang Yu left Three Qin people, Zhang Handan, Sima Xin, and Dong Feng, in charge of the Three Qins and blocked Liu Bang's way out of the river.
Teacher Liu Bang
Xiang Yu's approach had two problems, one was that Zhang Handan, Sima Xin, and Dong Feng were all officials who surrendered to the Qin Dynasty, and the Three Qin Lands did not obey them at all, and they did not have the heart to compete for the world, so after Liu Bangming repaired the Boardwalk and secretly du Chen Cang, the Three Qin Lands collapsed in an instant, and Liu Bang immediately seized the rich Guanzhong region.
Another problem is that after Xiang Yu split the country, he thought he had become the overlord of Qi Huan. However, the reality was that all the princely states under the heavens turned their backs on Xiang Yu. His base was only the State of Chu, and he also needed to mobilize troops on a large scale, from Guanzhong to Shandong, and conquest everywhere.
The battle became more and more fighting, and the casualties became more and more serious, and there was not enough support to make Xiang Yu's team gradually stretched. Although he won one victory after another against Liu Bang, he was gradually depleted in many wars. Liu Bang, on the other hand, gradually expanded his territory, enriched logistical support, and expanded his military strength. In the end, xiang Yu was unable to support himself and eventually lost.
Xiang Yu classmate
Liu Bei's opponents were not fools like Xiang Yu, but Cao Cao and Sun Quan. Both of these men understood the principle of slowly becoming king with a large amount of grain. After occupying a territory, they all knew that to consolidate the territory, they had to arrange for administrative officials to manage it. As for dividing up the land that xiang Yu had taken, they couldn't do such a stupid thing to the death.
Third point: Pig teammates help out
Liu Bang's teammates were too strong. For example, Han Xin, the god of war, led his troops to make a big detour in North China, and finally realized the strategic encirclement with Liu Bang and eliminated Xiang Yu in one fell swoop. For example, Xiao He, he is a natural talent. No matter where the war was fought, Xiao He's first thought was to grasp the archives of the place, provide various reference materials for front-line operations, and do a good job in logistical support.
God of War Han Xin
Liu Bang's teammates also have many, such as Chen Ping, Zhang Liang and others. Zhuge Liang, on the other hand, had too many pig teammates around him. The first one to bear the brunt was Guan Yu Guan's second master. Zhuge Liang proposed at that time in Longzhong that Jingzhou and Shuzhong (Yizhou) attack in two ways and eventually take the Central Plains.
However, Guan Yu was unstable in Shuzhong, and while Liu Bei was still fighting in Hanzhong, he made a rash move to attack Xiangyang and Fancheng. As a result, the tiger did not become an anti-dog, and was attacked by Sun Quan and Cao Cao's troops, not only losing his life, but also losing Jingzhou, and Zhuge Liang's plan to attack the Central Plains in two ways failed. Originally, Shuzhong was a place of innate deficiency, and now that it has lost foreign aid, it is even more difficult to succeed.
Another pig teammate is Meng Da. After Meng Da surrendered to Cao Wei, he was uncomfortable. Later, he went back and forth with Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang originally wanted Meng Da to be Guan Yu's second, a fulcrum of the Shu Han Empire on the outside. In the future, when counterattacking the Central Plains, Meng Da and Shu Han attacked in two ways. Who would have thought that Meng Da looked down on Sima Yi, which eventually led to a different head. Zhuge Liang's hopes were shattered again.
Pig teammate Guan Erye
Of course, there is also one of the most cattle pig teammates, he is Liu Bei. Liu Bei rong horse all his life, fighting a war is naturally not a problem. However, he made a strategic mistake, he should not rush to attack Sun Quan. Admittedly, it was important to retake Jingzhou and avenge Guan Yu. However, the Shu Han Dynasty had just established a state, and its national strength was not enough, and it was simply not enough to support a major battle at that time. Liu Bei attacked thousands of miles, and Sun Quan waited for work. Behind the defeat was the futility of shu Han's more than ten years of preparation, and countless officers and soldiers were killed on the battlefield, a loss that could not be repaired in the following decades.
Since then, Zhuge Liang has completely lost his play. Several times out of Qishan, he was just to complete Liu Bei's entrustment, in fact, with his cleverness, he should know that things should not be done. However, in order to repay Liu Bei's kindness, he could only reluctantly do it.
Therefore, Zhuge Liang's failure is inevitable. The timing of his assistance to Liu Bei was too late, the opponent he encountered was too strong, and at the same time, his teammates were too weak, Zhuge Liang was also a mortal after all, not a god, and he had no choice but to fail.