Dr. Zhong Zhenzhen was born in 1950 in Nanjing. He is currently a professor at Nanjing Normal University and a doctoral supervisor. Director of the Institute of Ancient Literature Collation. He is also the guidance professor of the "Foreign Scholars Chinese Culture Research Scholarship" of the National Scholarship Council, the president of the Chinese Rhyme Literature Association, the vice president of the Global Chinese Poetry Association, the consultant of the Chinese Poetry Society, the general consultant of the "Poetry Conference" of CCTV, the consultant of the poetry platform of "Listening to the Rain in the Small Building", and the Distinguished Professor of the Wenjin Pulpit of the National Library. He has been invited to lecture at more than 30 famous overseas universities such as Yale and Stanford in the United States.
Professor Zhong Zhenzhen accompanies you to read ancient poems(206)
He Groom Shicheng Hanggu
[Song] Wang Qianqiu
Hang the ancient city head to go. It is high autumn, frost and clear wood, and the road leads to Zhouzhu. To ask the purple haired people about the matter, there is only the barren temple smoke tree. Witch go away, no drum for a long time. The desolate remnants of the hegemony fell, but the cliffs and the daily parade sailed. Rise and fall, several ancient times. 〇 Sunset Fine grass condensed in the air. Try to meditate, respect the child at the time, and be well-intentioned. The offer was that Liu Lang was drunk and the bottom matter was in contention. So Dan saw, Wu Shu Fengju. Cause the five senses to stretch their feet to sleep, summon the children, and take the long tomb soil during the day. Leave this hate, who wants to speak.
【Notes】
Wang Qianqiu (王千秋), courtesy name Xi Lao, was a native of Dongping (present-day Shandong). Emperor Gaozong of Song and Emperor Xiaozong were alive during the reign of Emperor Xiaozong. He lived in Jiankang (present-day Nanjing) for many years. There are more than 70 poems in existence, and the collection is titled "Trial Words". The body of the "Flower Room" is in and out of the Dongpo doorway. The style is beautiful and not slangy. After the southern crossing, Zhuo Ran was a hand.
"Stone City", that is, Stone City. The original site was in the qingliangshan mountains west of present-day Nanjing, facing the Yangtze River (now the mountain has become land) in ancient times, and reaching the mouth of the Qinhuai River in the south. During the Warring States period, the King of Chu Wei built Jinlingyi here. During the reign of Sun Quan of Eastern Wu, it was renovated and renamed Stone City. The city stands on the mountain, with the river as the moat, the terrain is dangerous, and it has always been a place where soldiers and families must fight.
"High Autumn", lunar month of September. See Tang Han'e's "Years of Hua Jili".
"Wood falls", leaves fall.
"Road through Zhouzhu", that is, the autumn has been exhausted, the water has receded, and there is already a road between Zhouzhu and the riverbank. Nagisa, Kosuku.
"Purple hair", called Sun Quan. After the Battle of Wei and Wu Hefei, the Wei general Zhang Liao asked Wu to surrender: "To general you have purple hair... Who is it? Answer: It's Sun Quan. Hair, beard on the cheeks.
"Fending", at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was three points, Sun Quan and Cao Cao, Liu Bei each got one, so Yun.
"Desert Temple", called the temple of Emperor Wu (Sun Quan). In Stone City. According to legend, the temple base is the Forbidden City of Eastern Wu. See Song Zhumu's "Fang Yu Sheng Lan Jiankang Fu Ancestral Tomb".
"Witches", people who pretend to be gods and ghosts and engage in superstitious activities. Females are known as "witches" and males are called "witches".
"Long no drums", that is, the witches dispersed, and Sun Quan's ancestral temple has not held a ceremony to worship the gods for a long time. The drum is two instruments commonly used in folk worship.
"Hegemony", Sun Wu's regime is partial to hegemony in the southeast region, so it is called.
"堞", that is, the female wall. The walls of the ancient city are small concave and convex walls with firing holes for the defenders to conceal and shoot.
The second sentence of "Hegemony" refers to the stone city that was the symbol of the Hegemony of Eastern Wu in that year, but now it is desolate and dilapidated, the walls are crumbling, only the cliffs of grass and trees are green, and every day watching the sailing boats sail through the river at the foot of the mountain.
"Rise and fall, several present and ancient", means the past and the present, that is, the ancient of today; the present of today is the ancient of the day after tomorrow. The rise and fall of Stone City, I don't know how many ancient times have been experienced.
"Condensation", concentration for a long time.
"Zi Jing", the famous Wu general Of the Three Kingdoms Lu Su, the character Zi Jing. After Cao Cao occupied Jingzhou, the army moved south. He resolutely led the battle, serving as a lieutenant of the Zan Military Academy, assisting Zhou Yu, and defeating the Cao army at Chibi. After Zhou Yu's death, he served as a lieutenant of Fenwu Commandery and led his army on his behalf. See Romance of the Three Kingdoms and The Biography of Lu Su.
"Good mistakes" are really wrong.
According to the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Lu Su's biography shows that after the Battle of Chibi, Lu Su persuaded Sun Quan to borrow Jingzhou from Liu Bei. Later, Liu Bei refused to return it, resulting in the loss of peace between Sun and Liu, and the swords and soldiers met each other. "Zi Jing is well-intentioned" Yun Yun said this.
"Liu Lang", Liu Bei.
"Copper Sparrow", Copper Sparrow Terrace. In the winter of the fifteenth year (210) of the Han Xiandi Jian'an, Cao Cao built. See Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Book of Wei, And Chronicle of Emperor Wu. The platform is ten meters high, and there are one hundred and twenty houses. See Jin Luyi's Book of Yizhong . The former site was in present-day Linzhang, Hebei.
According to this, Yicheng (邺城, in modern Linzhang, Hebei), where Tongquetai was located, was the capital of Cao Cao when he was king of Wei. "Tongque drunk" Yunyun is the meaning of attacking Cao Wei and drinking bitterly on the Tongquetai.
"Bottom things", what, why.
"遽", urgent.
"Jingchu" refers to the area around Jingzhou. Jingzhou was the heart of the Chu state during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
"Five Senses" refers to Cao Pi, who was the general of the Five Senses at the time of Emperor Xian of Han. See Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Emperor Wu of Wei and Emperor Wen of the Second Age.
"Stretch your feet to sleep" and sleep peacefully. The poem "Gifting Qi Ji" by Xu Zhongya of the Fifth Dynasty says: "A pine wind is as cold as ice, and the long companion nest sleeps by stretching out its feet." ”
"Sons", children.
"Take the long tomb soil during the day", stealing the soil of Han Gaozu's ancestral mausoleum in broad daylight. The "Biography of Feng Tang Lie" of the "History of Zhang Shizhi" has the phrase "if the foolish people take the Changling Tomb and cut the soil", and this sentence is derived from this. Changling, the mausoleum of Liu Bang of han gaozu, is in the northeast of present-day Xianyang, Shaanxi.
The five sentences of the "offer" mean that Sun Quan has formed an alliance with Liu Bei, tried to destroy Cao, and revived the Han Dynasty, so why did he rush to compete for Jingzhou? As a result, Wu and Shu huo merged, and both sides were defeated and injured, causing Cao Pi to sit back and relax and openly usurp Han to stand on his own.
"Leave this hatred, who wants to speak", that is, history has left this regret, which makes me strangle my wrists, but there is nowhere to tell. Whoever you want to speak, you want to say to whom.
This passage uses a part of the rhyme, the rhyme feet are "go", "Nagisa", "tree", "drum", "ferry", "ancient", "伫", "mistake", "Chu", "lift", "earth" and "language".
This nostalgic word has several characteristics that deserve our attention:
First, other people's Jinling Huai ancient words are more than Yong Nan Dynasty, this one is a solo three kingdoms wu.
Second, the nostalgic words of the Southern Song Dynasty are mostly related to realpolitik, and this article is purely nostalgic and has nothing to do with current affairs.
Third, other people's nostalgic words are more lyrical, and this article is both a discussion, melting nostalgia and history into one furnace.
Hanging ancient sentences, "Hegemony desolate relics fall, but the cliff, the day reading the sail crossing" fifteen words are the best, born in disillusionment, Ji silence to flow, in the vastness, there is a wind running.
The following five sentences of the "offer" are also lively and expressive, reasoning without the loss of abstract deduction, and subordination and visual thinking. "Cause the five senses to stretch out their feet to sleep, summon the children, and take the long tomb soil during the day" Yun Yun, the metaphor is particularly exquisite.
However, the author's historical insight is not unreasonable. Both the Shu Han and Cao Wei dynasties were able to eliminate the maladministrations of the Eastern Han Dynasty and conform to the requirements of historical development, so they should enjoy the same rights on the question of who would unify China. Promoting shu han and suppressing Cao Wei is confined to the confucian concept of feudal orthodoxy, which is particularly meaningless. The Sun Wu clique only knew how to protect Jiangdong and had no ambition to mix the world, so its position was changeable, sometimes joining forces with Liu to reject Cao, and sometimes attaching Wei to attack Shu. Jingzhou is its upstream gateway, and its strategic position is important and inevitable, so it is not enough to blame deeply. Moreover, as far as the Liu Bei clique is concerned, "Rejuvenating the Han Dynasty and Destroying Cao" is only a political slogan by which it expands its power, and does not use this as the supreme moral code to dominate all its actions. Otherwise, why would he have made a large-scale attack on Wu because of the loss of Jingzhou and the defeat of Yiling himself? In other words, the vicissitudes of the Three Kingdoms period were caused by the intricate conflicts of interest between various warlord groups. If we can objectively examine this period of history, then "hate" does not have to be there and "regret" can be eliminated.
【Editor's Epilogue】
Welcome friends to continue to the public number behind the album, leave a message you want to ask Professor Zhong all the questions about poetry. The answers will be published in this issue.
Author/Zhong ZhenzhenEditor/Feng Xiao
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Revisit Gaizhu Mountain
Zhang Xuefang (Zhejiang)
The mountain cover is green bamboo, and the wind depicts ink drawings.
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