We have learned through some novels and film and television dramas that there were many anti-Qing and restoration organizations in the Qing Dynasty, and they used the banner of "anti-Qing and restoration" to realize their political ambitions. "Anti-Qing and restoration" is not as the Emperor Han said, from the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to the fall of the Qing Dynasty, but ended in the Qianlong period. Because the Yue Rebellion not only did not shake the Qing Dynasty, but the Qing Dynasty was thriving, a bright and clean place, and the people did not buy it, they disbanded. Later uprisings, such as the White Lotus Rebellion and the Taiping Rebellion that we are familiar with, did not play slogans such as "anti-Qing and restoration of the Ming Dynasty."
In Chinese history, not only anti-Qing and restoration, but also the events of this restoration of the pre-dynasty abound, let's sort it out below:
Anti-business and summer
We all know that the earliest dynasty in Chinese history was called Xia, and after more than 4,000 years, Yu Chuanzi Qi, who began the family world, ruled for more than 400 years, and was replaced by the Shang Dynasty. After more than 500 years of Shang dynasty rule, when it came to the last king, King Huan, social contradictions became increasingly strong, and the Zhou tribes from Xiqi became more and more powerful, they called themselves the same clan of the Xia Dynasty, under the banner of "anti-Shang and Fuxia", in 1046 BC, they destroyed the Shang in one fell swoop and established the Zhou Dynasty. Although the name of the zhou dynasty was Zhou, the place of Zong Zhou was indeed called "Zhuxia" or "Huaxia", and the place where Zong Zhou was not Zong Zhou was barbarian Rongdi. The people of Zhuxia later formed the main ethnic group of China, the Han nationality, through annexation and integration.
Reciprocate quotient
In 1046 BC, King Wu destroyed the Shang in one fell swoop, established the Zhou Dynasty, and sealed Wu Geng, the son of King Wu, in the original Yin Land, as the state of Shao. After the death of King Wu, King Cheng succeeded to the throne, and due to his young age, he was regent by the Duke of Zhou. Uncle Guan, Uncle Cai, and Uncle Huo were dissatisfied with the regency of the Duke of Zhou, and they joined forces with Wu Geng and other Yin merchant nobles to rebel under the banner of "anti-Zhou fu shang". Zhou Gong led an army to the East, killed Wu Geng, beheaded Uncle Guan and Uncle Cai, and exiled Uncle Huo. He also built a city north of Luoshui, called Luoyi (present-day Luoyang), as the eastern capital of the Zhou Dynasty, and strengthened the Zhou Dynasty's rule over the East.
Anti-Qin Fuchu
In 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang destroyed the Six Kingdoms, called himself emperor, abolished the division of feudalism, set up counties and counties, and built the first great unified dynasty in Chinese history. Although Qin Shi Huang unified the world, but the rule was brutal, the nobles of the Six Kingdoms were waiting for the period, eager to move, especially the Chu nobles, but also prepared earlier, at that time there were rumors: "Chu three households, the death of Qin will be Chu" Qin Shi Huang traveled around the world, the Chu noble Xiang Yu saw Qin Shi Huang's carriage and horse team, and said unashamedly: "He, I can replace him!" And Liu Bang, another person in Chudi at that time, also saw Qin Shi Huang, and he sighed: "The big husband should be like this!" In 209 BC, Qin Shi Huang died and Qin II succeeded to the throne, and social contradictions became more acute. Farmers Chen Sheng and Wu Guang from Chu rebelled in Dazexiang, known as "Zhang Chu", and in the same year, Liu Bang of Chu rebelled in Pei County, and the Chu nobles Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's uncles and nephews also called on the remnants of the Chu state to rebel against the Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang's troops obeyed Xiang Liang's orders, and in 207 BC, Liu Bang marched into Xianyang and the Qin Dynasty collapsed. In 206 BC, Xiang Yu honored XiongXin as the Chu Yi Emperor, and later abolished, self-proclaimed Western Chu Bawang, Dafeng Zhuhou, Liu Bang was named King of Han, Chu and Han fought for hegemony, in 202 BC, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu and established the Han Dynasty, known in history as the Western Han Dynasty.
Anti-new revival
In 9 AD, Wang Mang, a foreign relative of the Western Han Dynasty, usurped Han and established himself as emperor, with a new name for the country. Wang Mang claimed to be the empress dowager, and carried out reforms to the maladministration of the late Western Han Dynasty, but the policy changed from day to day, and there were many names, which was unsatisfactory. In the last year of the new dynasty, the Green Forest and Chimei rebelled, and the Han clan relatives also played the banner of opposing Wang Mang, and the Chimei army supported Liu Xuan, the han clan, as emperor, and was soon extinguished by Wang Mang. In 23, the Green Forest Army invaded Chang'an, Wang Mang was killed, and the new dynasty collapsed. In 25 years, Liu Xiu ascended the throne as emperor, the Han Dynasty was revived, and the history was called the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Anti-Wei Fuhan
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the government was corrupt and natural disasters were continuous. In 184, the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out, and although the Yellow Turban Army was soon suppressed, the local heroes and strongmen did support themselves. Dong Zhuo, Li Dai, Guo Feng and others came one after another, kidnapping the Han Emperor and brutalizing the living beings. In 196, Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Xian of Han to Xu Du and blackmailed tianzi to order the princes. In 220, Cao Pi forced Han to offer the throne to emperor and ascend the throne as emperor, with the state name Wei and the capital Luoyang; in 221, Liu Bei was proclaimed emperor in Chengdu, with the state name Han, and the historical name shu or Shu Han; in 229, Sun Quan was called emperor in Jianye and the state name was Wu. Although the Shu Han dynasty was in a corner of peace, but always wanted to set the Central Plains in the north and unify the world, the Shu Han Dynasty Minister Zhuge Liang made several northern expeditions, playing the banner of the Kuangfu Han Room, but in the end it was unsuccessful, and finally died of exhaustion in Wuzhangyuan. In 263, the State of Wei attacked shu Han; in 266, Sima Yan, a powerful minister of the State of Wei, forced Emperor Yuan of Wei to take the throne and establish the Jin Dynasty; in 280, the Jin Dynasty destroyed Wu and unified the country.
Anti-Jin and Fu Han
During the Rebellion of the Eight Kings of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Xiongnu Morton Dadan, a descendant of Liu Yuan, claimed that when the Western Jin Dynasty was in civil strife, he rebelled against the Jin Dynasty, and he denounced the decay of the Western Jin Dynasty, and posthumously recognized Liu Chan, the lord of the Shu Han Dynasty, as his ancestor, which attracted tens of thousands of people to surrender. In 308, he was officially called emperor, the national name was Han, and Liu Chan, the lord of the Shu Han Dynasty, was posthumously honored as the Emperor of Xiaohuai, and sacrificed the temple of the Three Ancestors and Five Sects of the Han Dynasty. Although the regime established by Liu Yuan was short-lived and had a small territory, it did open the first great national integration in Chinese history!
Reverse The Tang Dynasty
In 683, Emperor Gaozong of Tang died of illness, and Li Xian succeeded him as Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and Honored Wu Zetian as empress dowager. In 684, Wu Zetian deposed Li Xian as the King of Luling and made Li Dan emperor for Emperor Ruizong of Tang. In the same year, Wu Zetian changed the eastern capital to Shendu, changed his clothes and crown, and changed his flag, marking Wu Zetian's ambition to become emperor. In this year, Xu Jingye rebelled against Wu in Yangzhou, under the slogan of Kuangfu Tang Room, and was soon pacified by Wu Zetian. In 690, Wu Zetian officially called himself emperor, changed the name of the country to Zhou, and was historically called Wu Zhou. In 705, the chancellor Zhang Kamzhi and others forced Wu Zetian to abdicate, and li xian the crown prince was made emperor, restoring the Tang dynasty. Wu Zetian reigned for 15 years and actually ruled for 23 years, making her the only female emperor in Chinese history.
Anti-Liang Fu Tang
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the town of Fan was divided, and Li Keyong of Shatuo was crowned king of Jin. In 907, Zhu Wen usurped The Tang and established houliang, but Li Keyong did not recognize the legitimacy of the houliang and still used the Tang guo and Tianyou nian names. In 923, Li Ke used his son Li Cunxun to be proclaimed emperor, and the name of the Tang Dynasty was restored, and the history was called Later Tang, and in the same year, Hou Liang was destroyed. Li Cunxun posthumously honored his father and ancestors as emperor for three generations, and was listed as one of the seven temples alongside Tang Gaozu, Tang Taizong, Tang Yizong, and Tang Zhaozong. In 936, Shi Jingyao destroyed the Later Tang and established the Later Jin.
Anti-Wu Fu Tang
The late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were eras of great turmoil and division in Chinese history. In 902, Yang Xingmi in the Jianghuai region broke away from the Tang Dynasty and established himself as emperor, with the state name Wu and the historical name Southern Wu. In 937, Xu Zhihuan destroyed Southern Wu and established the state number Qi, and in 939, Xu Zhihuan restored the Surname of Li and changed his name to Fu, claiming to be the fourth grandson of Li Kezhi, the Son of Emperor Xianzong of Tang, and changing the name of the country to Tang, and was known as Southern Tang in history. In 976, Li Yu, the empress dowager of the Southern Tang Dynasty, surrendered to the Song army, and the Southern Tang fell.
Anti-Jin Fu liao
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Khitans in northern China rose, and in 916, the Khitan people Yelü Abaoji and other bases were called emperors, and the national name "Khitan" was also known as "Liao". In the last years of the Liao Dynasty, the government became increasingly corrupt and the contradictions became more and more acute, and the Jurchens fought against the Liao. In 1115, Ah Kuanta ascended the throne as emperor, and the national name was Jin. In 1122, the Jin army captured Liaozhongjing, and Yelü Chun was proclaimed emperor by Yelü Dashi and others, known as Northern Liao, and Northern Liao existed for only 19 months. In 1124, Yelü Dashi fled to the Western Regions, where he was preparing to restore the kingdom. In 1125, Emperor Tianzuo of Liao was captured by Jin soldiers, and the Liao Dynasty collapsed. In 1132, Yelü Dashi was proclaimed emperor, and the history was called "Western Liao". In 1218, the Western Liao was destroyed by the Mongol Empire.
Anti-Yuan and Song dynasties
In 1135, the Yellow River flooded, and the Yuan Dynasty forcibly recruited a large number of migrant workers to control the Yellow River, due to the tight construction period, coupled with the brutality of officials, the migrant workers were complaining. Han Shantong and Liu Futong, these two people claimed to spread the White Lotus Sect and publicize the incarnation of the Ming King to save the world. He also fabricated the folk song "Stone people have one eye and provoked the yellow river to rebel against the world" to create public opinion of the uprising. At the same time, he secretly buried a stone man in the river channel, and engraved: "Mo Dao stone man has one eye, and this thing is reversed in the world." Soon, the migrant workers dug up the stone people, so Han Liu Er made a folk song come true, so he rebelled. Han Shantong called himself the eighth grandson of Emperor Huizong of Song, called himself "King Daming", and played the banner of "reopening the Great Song Dynasty". At the end of the Song Dynasty, they did not say why the descendants of Emperor Huizong of Song were surnamed Han. Soon the rebel army was wiped out, and Liu Futong supported Han Shantong's son Han Lin'er as the Xiaoming King and continued the uprising. In 1355, Han Lin'er was proclaimed emperor and the state name was Song. In 1366, Han Lin'er was sunk into the river by Zhu Yuanzhang, and in 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang was proclaimed emperor and the country name was Daming.
Anti-Ming restoration
In the last year of the Yuan Dynasty, when the world was in chaos, Chen Youding was appointed as a general for his meritorious efforts in suppressing the rebellion and occupied eight counties in Fujian. In 1367, after Zhu Yuanzhang pacified Fang Guozhen, he wanted to recruit Chen Youding. Chen Youding met his guests, angrily beheaded Zhu Yuanzhang's envoy, and soaked the blood into the bowl, Chen Youding said: "We are blessed by the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, and when there are those who do not refuse to die against the enemy, they will be beaten and kill their wives and children." "Swear to kill Zhu Yuanzhang and restore Dayuan." However, chen Youding was soon captured by Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang rebuked Chen Youding, and Chen Youding said sharply: "If the country is broken and the family is dead, if you want to kill, you can kill, there is no need to say more." So Zhu Yuanzhang killed Chen Youding and his son Chen Hai. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, due to the unpopularity of the Ming Dynasty, many peasant uprisings were under the banner of "anti-Ming restoration", and even Zhu Chongzhuo, the general of Sun Fengguo of Zhu Yuanzhang's seventh generation, rebelled under the banner of "restoring the Great Yuan", which is incredible.
Anti-Republic of China restoration
In 1912, when the Qing Emperor abdicated and the Republic of China was established, there were still a number of people who did not recognize the Republic of China and refused to cut their braids, including Zhang Xun, the "braided marshal". In 1917, Zhang Xun launched a coup d'état, supported Puyi as emperor, and restored the Qing Dynasty, but was soon defeated by Duan Qirui, and although the Republic of China government pardoned Zhang Xun, he remained loyal to the Qing Dynasty throughout his life and refused to cut braids.
Looking at the events of these restoration dynasties in China's history, they are nothing more than the means of some political careerists, and some of them are not at all close to the former dynasties. And the vast majority have failed, and only a few have succeeded, because the trend has gone, and the people want stability!