As we all know, the "anti-Qing and restoration" activities in history have always been huge, and there was always such a slogan until the time of the Republic of China. So why didn't the Yuan Dynasty, which was also established by ethnic minorities, hear of the "anti-Yuan and Song dynasties"? In fact, there are really some in history, but no one carried the banner of "anti-Yuan and Song" at that time, and the most famous one was the "Red Turban Army Uprising" at the end of the Yuan Dynasty.
In the last years of the Yuan Dynasty, the contradictions between the Mongol rulers and the vast number of Han Chinese became increasingly intense, and the nobles exploited the commoners and the government wantonly levied harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and the amount of taxes increased by more than twenty times compared with the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. At the same time, because the Yellow River has not been dredged for a long time, it often breaks its banks and floods frequently. In such a period of people's lack of livelihood, the roads are starving to death. Where there is oppression, there is resistance, and the "Red Turban Uprising" took place against such a background.
Persecuted by the Yuan dynasty government, Han Shantong and Liu Futong decided to rebel and found the White Lotus Sect. Who knew that during the first uprising, he accidentally slipped through the wind and sound, and as a result, the government surrounded and suppressed him, Han Shantong was killed by the officers and soldiers of the Yuan Dynasty, and Liu Futong escaped by chance. The failure of the first uprising did not crush Liu Futong, but he was more scrappy. After drawing lessons and lessons, Liu Futong soon launched the "Red Turban Army Uprising" that caused a sensation throughout the country.
Different from the high mouth of "anti-Qing and restoration of the Ming", the slogan of the Red Turban Army is much more obscure, called "fighting the dark with the light". "Ming" here refers to the rebel army, and "dark" refers to the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty. The mighty momentum of the Red Turban Army made many people dissatisfied with the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty see hope, so they chose to join. In the fifteenth year of Zhengzheng (1355 AD), Liu Futong led an army to conquer Bozhou, and established Han Lin'er, the son of Han Shantong, as the "Xiaoming King", with the national name "Great Song" and historically known as "Later Song", which was a revolutionary regime formed by peasant forces. Under the leadership of Liu Futong, they first defeated the Yuan general Hesi Huchi and the Yuan general Gong Buban, and even Timur's 300,000 elite divisions were defeated by them, which greatly frightened the Yuan court. Soon after, the Red Turban Army defeated the army of Baduru, which once posed a threat to most of the Yuan Dynasty, while the Southern Red Turban Army won victories in Hunan and Hubei. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang inherited the strength of his father-in-law Guo Zixing, and then led troops to occupy Nanjing.
In the seventeenth year of Zhengzheng (1357 AD), the generals of the Yuan army in various places launched counterattacks against the Red Turban Army. At this time, contradictions also began to appear within the Red Turban Army, and it had become a time of fragmentation. In the 23rd year of Zhizheng (1363 AD), Zhang Shicheng, who surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty, secretly attacked Liu Futong in a battle, and the soul of the Red Turban Army died. Han Lin'er, the "Xiaoming King" who had lost his patron, could only go to Zhu Yuanzhang, who has since taken over the banner of "anti-Yuan and song". When King Xiaoming first came, Zhu Yuanzhang treated him with courtesy, but when Zhu Yuanzhang's general trend of seizing the world was determined, he directly sent someone to drown him.
Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang successfully seized the world and announced the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. However, before this, the anti-Yuan rebel army basically explicitly or implicitly used the name of "anti-Yuan and song". From this point of view, it is not surprising that there have been "anti-Qing and restoration" in history, and there have been "anti-Yuan and Song dynasties". Whether it is "opposing the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty" or "opposing the Yuan and the Song Dynasty," the aim is not to re-establish the regime of the previous dynasty, but to overthrow the existing regime. As for who should be replaced as emperor after the overthrow, the different uprising teams have different minds, which can be described as each pregnant with a ghost fetus.