introduction
The famous writer Jin Yong wrote in the martial arts novel "Deer Ding":
In his lifetime, he did not know Chen Jinnan, and even if he was called a hero, he was in vain",
The "Heaven and Earth Society" is a jianghu sect in Jin Yong's pen, and the "chief helmsman" of this gang is Chen Jinnan.
During the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, the people at that time were dissatisfied with the rule of the Qing Dynasty and intended to rebel, so they gathered together and set up a secret organization to call on the masses to join. This organization is based on "
Heavenly Father and Mother Earth, anti-Qing restoration"
It is the slogan of "Heaven and Earth Society".
According to legend, the righteous men of the Heaven and Earth Society were all armed with extraordinary skills, eager for justice and righteousness, they robbed the rich and helped the poor, took care of each other with all their hearts and guts, acted heroically and righteously, and carried the great mission of "opposing the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty"... After reading Jin Yong's martial arts novel, many people can't help but wonder: the novel has such a real historical background, can the "Heaven and Earth Society" really exist?
01
Interestingly, the "Heaven and Earth Society" in history did indeed exist in reality, not by Mr. Jin Yong. The Heaven and Earth Society was one of the secret societies of the Qing Dynasty, with the "Heaven and Earth Society"
Worship Heaven as Father, Worship Earth as Mother"
Name. The Heaven and Earth Society is also known as "Hongmen", and there is also a name known to most people - "Hong Gang".
The exact date of the establishment of the "Heaven and Earth Society" has not yet been determined, and most of the members of the organization of the Heaven and Earth Society are peasants, merchants, workers, displaced jianghu people, etc. Although the membership of the Heaven and Earth Society is numerous and complex, they have one thing in common - at that time they were all ruthlessly oppressed by the Manchu Qing rule and belonged to the poor people of the lower class. These people who "have pity for each other with the same disease" can deeply understand each other's hardships and hardships, help each other in life, take care of each other, even if there is no clear "anti-Qing" purpose, but from the early days of the establishment of the Heaven and Earth Society, it has been repeatedly suppressed by the Qing Dynasty court, so the members of the Heaven and Earth Society have more hatred for the Qing Court, and the anti-Qing color has become more and more intense.
"Shun Tianxingdao", "Anti-Qing restoration" and "Xingming absolutely clean" were slogans played by the Tiandihui at different times of the Qing Dynasty, and their purpose was only one, that is, to create riots for the Qing government. In order to hide their eyes and ears, the members of the Heaven and Earth Society scattered all over the place and created a new gang name, and for a time, there were more than ten kinds of non-governmental anti-Qing organizations under the umbrella of the "Heaven and Earth Society". The Heaven and Earth Society does not believe in doctrine and has no fixed object of worship, but the Rules of the Heaven and Earth Society are very strict, and the "Thirty-Six Oaths" require gang members to be loyal to the organization, strictly keep secrets, and obey the arrangements.
The Celestial Society was particularly active in political revolutionary activities. During the Opium War, the Heaven and Earth Society launched armed uprisings many times, and in the subsequent Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the Heaven and Earth Association participated in the Taiping Army and cooperated with the revolutionary struggle of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. During the Xinhai Revolution, Sun Yat-sen led the members of the Tiandihui gang to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, and the historical records record:
No matter how far away or near, no matter how dangerous things are, everyone is brave, everyone is the first, there is a Wuchang uprising, the provinces respond, and the republic is completed in a few months, and the merits of the army are also the merits of the Hongmen brothers.
Although the "Hong Gang" is not the protagonist in this movement, its role cannot be underestimated.
However, after the Republic of China, most of the Heaven and Earth Society organizations became "accomplices" of exploitation and oppression under class rule, and became tools for a small number of people to compete for power, and some members of the Heaven and Earth Society stayed at home to "aid and abett" abuse, and some went abroad to unite overseas Chinese. After the Tiandihui developed overseas, it participated in many struggles against Western colonizers, bringing the chivalrous spirit of the Chinese to foreign countries.
02
So, today, where does the "Heaven and Earth Society" go? In fact, the Heaven and Earth Society not only did not disappear with the advancement of the times, but established its own country. The Republic of Lanfang was a country established in Borneo in 1777 by Luo Fangbo, a member of the Heaven and Earth Society, and the reason why Luo Fangbo came to Borneo was because the suppression of the Qing Dynasty was becoming more and more serious at that time, and the wave of "gold rush" swept the country, and it was in this context that Luo Fangbo came to Borneo to "pan for gold" and later established his own commercial empire. In its heyday, the land area of the Lanfang Republic reached 730,000 square kilometers, which was larger than the two Japans. In the 19th century, the Netherlands, then known as the "robber of the sea", launched a war to invade the Lanfang Republic, and although the Lanfang Republic swore to resist to the death, it was eventually captured by the Dutch and reduced to a colony.
Republic of Lanfang
epilogue
Even so, the Republic of Lanfang has been influenced by Chinese civilization for 200 years, and some Chinese customs and habits are still preserved. To this day, most people in the area still speak Hakka. The legend of the "Heaven and Earth Society" has also come alive in the pen of Mr. Jin Yong and is still praised.
Wen | The Miscellaneous History of the | of the South Library
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