When it comes to gangs, the Daimyo Hongmen is an organization that cannot be bypassed. In particular, the great name of Situ Meitang is definitely a figure known in both China and the West. But what kind of existence is Hongmen? What is the origin of this? Why is it called Hongmen? Most of this is probably confused.
Hongmen has a variety of origins, but later existed as an organization opposed to the Qing Dynasty, and eventually wandered overseas
Some people are convinced that Hongmen was an anti-Qing and restoration organization during the Qing Dynasty, that is, the so-called Heaven and Earth Society. This statement is not wrong, after all, Hongmen once really wanted to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, so it has another name, that is, "Hanliu". As the name suggests: leaving behind han blood.
However, this is said to be only the predecessor of Hongmen, because it originated in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, mainly to resist the organization when the Qing army entered the customs. Later, he also established his own political power in the south, called "Nanming".
However, this statement has not been recognized by some experts, and in "On the Origin of the Heaven and Earth Society", the author says that the Hongmen Heaven and Earth Society originated in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, and was founded in the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, and the founder was a person called Hong Er Monk (Wan Tixi).
This obviously does not correspond to what the late Ming and early Qing dynasties said, Han Liu and Nan Ming said. Therefore, some people say that the Heaven and Earth Society was founded by Zheng Chenggong and was founded during the Kangxi period in the early Qing Dynasty. Anyway, it is quite chaotic, and as for its true origin, there are many theories. For example, Sun Yat-sen, as a person who had been helped by Hongmen, also said that he had something to say.
Sun Yat-sen has this record in the "Theory of Sun Literature": "The Hongmen people were created in the Ming Dynasty and began in the Kangxi Era. Before Gai Kangxi, the loyal martyrs of the Ming Dynasty, much wanted to recover, and vowed not to submit to the Qing... By the time of the Kangxi Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty had flourished... The two or three widows, seeing that the general trend has gone and are irreparable, want to use the roots of nationalism to pass on to future generations, so they form a group with the religion of anti-Qing and restoration, so that those who rise up later can use it as a fund, which is the original intention of the creation of Hongmen. ”
Anyway, it can be roughly seen from here that the so-called Hongmen is specifically against the Qing Dynasty. In the British Museum in London, there is a tibetan manuscript "The Narrative of Xilu", which believes that Hongmen has two origins, one is from the Buyeo Bohai United Nations Manlorite descendants of the Red Sect and the Bo Faction jointly initiated, in the name of the Shenwu Emperor Gao Hong as the name of the transformation of the clan.
Another theory was founded by the monk Hong Er (Wan Ti Xi). Probably because of this, Hongmen has been vast for hundreds of years, but there is a existence that everyone has different opinions. Some people called him the Three Points Society, some people called him the Heaven and Earth Society, some people called him Zhi Gong Tang, and there were even more Red Gangs, Three Rivers Society, Triad Society, and so on.
As for why it is called Hongmen, there are many theories, one of which is to take its meaning of "staying in Han", that is, Hanmen. However, the Central Plains have been lost, and naturally the land of the Central Plains has been lost, so the traditional Characters of the Han Dynasty have been removed from the words "Zhong, Tu" inside, and the name Hongmen has been given.
It is also said that the Hongmen were raised by the Ming Taizu era name Hongwu, and the Hongmen Secret Book also says that the real head of the Hongmen was Zhu Hongzhu, and his military master was Chen Jinnan, who later established the Heaven and Earth Society. It is also based on the fact that it is called Hongmen, and because of this, some people say that it is the predecessor of the Heaven and Earth Society.
However, whether it was Hongmen or the Heaven and Earth Society, after the stability of the Qing Dynasty, it was not a small blow, especially in the late Qing Dynasty, Hongmen had obviously no foothold in China. Therefore, later, people continued to emigrate abroad, but in order not to be bullied, the Hongmen people formed a gang again, but it was called Zhigongtang.
It is true that Hongmen has developed and grown abroad, but he has always maintained a patriotic heart
In this way, people seem to understand that it is impossible to know where the earliest Hongmen came from, but the Hongmen during the Qing Dynasty was an organization that was hostile to the government. They have always held up the banner of anti-Qing and restoration, and want to maintain the living conditions of their Own Han Culture.
In the late Qing Dynasty, the Zhigongtang established abroad was very different from the original Hongmen in China, because they were a mutually caring gang established to unite from bullying. The so-called Hongmen is just a copyright application that once helped insiders. That is to say, the origin of the Zhigongtang may have been established by the Hongmen people, but it is certainly different from the domestic Hongmen.
The name Zhigongtang may be more appropriate for the organization that defends the interests of overseas Chinese, which is an organization initiated by the Hongmen people, but it is different from relying on past acts of confrontation with the government to survive. Therefore, overseas, Zhigongtang is the reliance of the Chinese people's hearts, and with its existence, they feel less afraid.
Of course, Hong Kong also has Hongmen, but this is a bit difficult to say, just like the Hongmen organization in the mainland before liberation, they are gangs that eat on illegal behavior. This is obviously completely unrelated to the establishment of the original Full Gate, and it is not the same as the later Zhigongtang.
Most importantly, although Zhi Gongtang is said to be a gang, it is even regarded as a gangster. But for the motherland, it is a sincere heart. When Sun Yat-sen was engaged in revolution, Zhi Gongtang helped him a lot. Not only did he help the money, but he even organized a lot of people to help him with his activities.
For example, Sun Yat-sen's first revolutionary uprising in Guangzhou took advantage of the gang's inland power. At the time of the Second Revolutionary Uprising, members of other gangs were also moved. To this end, Sun Yat-sen also became a member of the Hongmen, although he was reluctant to mention it later.
In the Second World War, Japan invaded the mainland, and Situ Meitang, as the main leader of the Zhigongtang, did not run errands and contributed less to the domestic anti-Japanese resistance. The most important thing is that at that time, Situ Meitang's behavior violated The interests of Japan and was very dangerous, but he was not coerced and tempted by Japan and always had his heart set on the motherland.
At that time, Situ Meitang was no longer a young and vigorous young man, he was old, he went south and north, running around, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, Peru, Panama, etc., had appeared in his figure, he made propaganda for the anti-Japanese resistance, mobilized all Chinese overseas forces to love the country and resist Japan.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Situ Meitang also sided with our party and broke with the Chiang clique. He not only became a democratic member of our party, but also participated in the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China. Even later, the Zhigongtang Democratic Party was established in China.
At this time, the Hongmen are no longer the Hongmen of the past, but their courage has always remained, and they made a vow to swear an oath: the oath is sent to be loyal, the brothers of the four seas are the same, the loyalty and righteousness are waiting for the throne, and the traitors are anti-bone knife to the end. This echo is like an iron bone, and it is loud on the patriotic road, so hongmen still cares what its source is, what is the way to come from?