In today's energy-saving and emission-reduction environment, the new energy automobile industry is vigorously developed under the impetus of policies, pure electric vehicles have become the trend of the times, zero emissions, zero fuel consumption, high performance, high comfort are its most attractive places for consumers, but for those who have range anxiety, traditional fuel vehicles are the choice they can't put down.
So many people will choose to buy hybrid cars in a compromise, which not only perfectly solves the problem of range anxiety, but also takes into account fuel economy and less emissions. However, there are also some people who are singing about the decline of hybrid cars, saying that hybrid cars are more expensive in the case of power loss, the price of hybrid vehicles is high, and the retention rate of hybrid vehicles is low.
Next, I will use my personal experience to tell you what a hybrid car is like, is it as many shortcomings as some people say, and it is not suitable for purchase? Finally, I will give you a little advice on whether it is suitable for buying a hybrid car.
First of all, we need to understand what a hybrid vehicle is, and what is its fuel-saving principle?
In fact, the gasoline-electric hybrid is only one of the hybrid models, and the hybrid is currently mainly divided into two types: oil-electric hybrid and plug-in hybrid. Although they are all called hybrids, they are essentially different.
Principle of oil-electric hybrid:
The essence of the gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle is still a fuel vehicle, which uses gasoline as the main source of power and electric energy as an auxiliary. Use motor drive in the initial stage, use motor plus engine combination to drive the vehicle in the acceleration stage, use engine drive in the uniform driving stage, and recover part of the engine's capacity as electrical energy reserve in the power battery. This is also the reason why the gasoline-electric hybrid model is more fuel-efficient than the traditional fuel vehicle.
The models on the market are: Toyota Camry dual engine, Honda Accord dual engine and so on.
Plug-in hybrid principle:
Plug-in hybrid is actually a model with two sets of powertrains, which in addition to the fuel engine, also has a built-in electric motor, which is two independent drive systems. That is to say, plug-in hybrid vehicles can be driven as fuel vehicles or as pure electric vehicles. If you often use the motor as the main power output, then you can really save a lot in fuel consumption, and it will be more fuel-efficient than the oil-electric hybrid.
However, it also has a fatal drawback, that is, the battery needs to be charged additionally, and it cannot recharge the battery by recovering the power of the engine. Plugging in is more troublesome, and like electric vehicles, when the electricity is used up, you must find a charging pile to charge, otherwise if you simply use the fuel engine to drive, the fuel consumption will be higher than that of the fuel car. Because it has two sets of powertrains, the weight of the body will be much larger, and the fuel consumption will naturally be higher.
Plug-in hybrid models on the market are: BMW i8, Geely Borui GE PHEV, Corolla/Ralink PHEV and so on.
Understanding the difference between hybrid models and its fuel-saving principle, let's talk about its three major advantages.
Advantage 1: High mileage of oil-electric hybrid vehicle!
Take the Camry dual engine, if the usual main commuting is mainly commuting, or driving more in the city road, then filling a tank of fuel can generally run about 1000 kilometers. If you run high speed frequently, you can reach about 1200 to 1300 kilometers. The Camry fuel version, when filled with a tank of fuel, can only run about 800 kilometers. Therefore, the gasoline-electric hybrid version has a quarter more mileage than the fuel version.
This is mainly due to the kinetic energy recovery of the engine by the hybrid car, which is converted into electrical energy, which not only improves the cruising range, but also saves the consumption of gasoline. Especially for some people who need to travel long distances, there is no need to worry about mileage at all.
Advantage two: gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle driving and riding comfort is better than fuel vehicle!
Another big advantage of the hybrid model is that the driving and riding experience is better than that of a fuel vehicle. Because when a hybrid car starts at a low speed, in order to avoid the engine working in the low efficiency range of low speed and low load, it is usually driven by an electric motor. The advantage of the motor is that it is responsive and starts quickly, while taking into account both quietness and fluency, which is far better than the same level of fuel vehicles. Especially in the case of urban road congestion, the frequent braking and starting of fuel vehicles are very fuel-consuming and energy-consuming things, and hybrid vehicles can perfectly solve this problem through motors, which is both fuel-efficient and trouble-saving.
The first impression of the Japanese car was that it was very meaty, and the starting acceleration was not powerful enough, while the hybrid version of the Camry solved this problem perfectly, starting lightly, reacting quickly, and being particularly quiet. People who have sat in the hybrid car say that the car is particularly stable and feels like a boat. The main reason is because there are two sets of power systems, the body will be heavier than the traditional fuel car, the chassis suspension tuning will be softer, and when passing through some potholes, you will not feel obvious bumps. For those who ride, the hybrid version of the car is more comfortable and quiet than the pure fuel car.
Advantage three: gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle is more environmentally friendly than fuel vehicle!
"Fuel Saving Optimization of Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Vehicles" is mentioned in the article: Gasoline-electric hybrid models have less exhaust emissions than traditional fuel vehicles, which is more environmentally friendly. Hybrid models consume most of the electricity during normal driving, so they have less exhaust emissions than fuel vehicles. Especially when idling, the advantages of hybrid vehicles in this regard will be improved and expanded.
The same summer to open the air conditioning, the fuel car is through the engine work, generate electricity, provide the air conditioning compressor refrigeration, if you turn off the engine, then the air conditioning will stop working. The hybrid is different, it can always use the power of the motor to continuously cool, so that the engine can stop working. It's both cost-effective and quiet, and it also reduces exhaust emissions.
After talking about the advantages of the hybrid model, let's talk about some of its shortcomings.
Disadvantage one: hybrid models save fuel, but do not save money!
Why is it said that the oil-electric hybrid car saves fuel, but does not save money? After reading the account I calculated below, I will understand it all! Let's calculate the cost of the same level of Toyota Camry dual engine oil-electric hybrid version and pure fuel version respectively.
Camry 2021 Twin Engine 2.5HQ Flagship Edition, Manufacturer Guidance Price: 269,800, 100 km comprehensive fuel consumption of 4.1L.
Camry 2021 Fuel Edition 2.5HQ Flagship Edition, Manufacturer Guidance Price: 234,800, 100 km comprehensive fuel consumption of 6L.
Both models are flagship versions, the configuration is the same, the only difference is that one is a gasoline-electric hybrid, and the other is a pure fuel version.
First, let's take a look at the fuel consumption comparison between the two:
I now live in Nanjing, and the price of Oil No. 95 is 8.01 yuan / L. I mainly use it for daily commuting, so the fuel consumption of 100 kilometers is actually about 5.1L, which is about one liter higher than the 4.1L announced by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and I calculate it according to my actual fuel consumption.
First, let's calculate how much it costs per kilometer for the hybrid version of oil and electricity, the formula is: fuel consumption per kilometer = oil price * 100 kilometers of fuel consumption / 100 = 8.01 * 5.1 / 100 ≈0.41 yuan / km.
The same configuration of the Camry fuel version, its 100 km fuel consumption is also more than the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced 6L, almost 6.9L or so, I will use his actual fuel consumption to calculate how much pure fuel version to spend per kilometer, the formula is the same, the result is about 0.55 yuan / km.
In this way, the oil-electric hybrid version saves about 0.14 yuan per kilometer compared with the pure fuel version.
According to the fuel consumption of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the fuel consumption of all oil-electric hybrid models is similar.
After calculating the average fuel consumption per kilometer, let's calculate the total fuel consumption cost of the vehicle.
Because my car hasn't been in use for five years, I use real data reports to calculate the total fuel consumption.
J.D. Power previously had a survey report, which wrote: Chinese private car owners, on average, 4-5 years to change a car, we will calculate according to 5 years.
According to a data from the Center for Energy and Transportation Innovation (iCET), the average annual mileage of private cars in China is about 17,000 kilometers.
After obtaining these data, we can calculate the fuel consumption cost of the hybrid version of the oil-electric version, which has a fuel consumption cost of 5 years = fuel consumption per kilometer * mileage of one year * service life = 0.41 * 17000 * 5 = 34850 yuan.
Then the cost of using the fuel version of the same model is calculated to be 46750 yuan.
That is to say, in 5 years, the oil-electric hybrid version saves about 11,900 yuan in fuel costs compared to the fuel version.
Let's take a look at the cost of car purchase for both:
The Camry oil-electric hybrid version is about 35,000 yuan more expensive than the fuel version in the manufacturer's guidance price. Moreover, because the unit price of the gasoline-electric hybrid model is higher, the purchase tax and insurance cost will be relatively higher, which is calculated to the purchase cost of the car, according to 37,000 yuan. It can be seen that the hybrid version of the model is generally 30,000-50,000 yuan more expensive than the fuel version of the same level.
Then in fact, after 5 years of use, the fuel cost saved by the hybrid version is not enough to make up for the cost price at the time of purchase, that is, 37,000-11,900 = 25,100 yuan. If you want to earn back the difference in the cost of buying a car by saving fuel, then you are about 5 years more than a fuel car, that is, the car will be driven for more than 10 years, almost 170,000 kilometers. I believe most people can't open it, right? Many people can't even drive 5,000 kilometers a year, so it is unrealistic to want to save back this car purchase cost through fuel costs! Of course, this does not include the retention rate of used cars.
Disadvantage two: The state is slowly reducing the preferential policies for new energy vehicles enjoyed by hybrid models
Hybrid distribution of oil-electric hybrid, plug-in hybrid and extended range power, in fact, they are essentially fuel vehicles. In particular, the state has long cancelled their preferential subsidy policies for new energy vehicles, and they cannot be green cards. Now only some plug-in hybrid models can continue to enjoy the preferential policies of new energy vehicles, and they can still be on the green card, but there are still some restrictions.
Recently, the State Administration of Taxation issued the "Announcement on Adjusting the Technical Requirements for New Energy Vehicles Exempted from Vehicle Purchase Tax", which takes the consumption of electric energy as an important indicator, that is, the future subsidy will be given to those models that can use electric energy with maximum efficiency.
The announcement is mainly for plug-in hybrid passenger cars, and there are two requirements.
First, the pure electric mileage of plug-in (including range extender) hybrid passenger vehicles should meet the conditional equivalent full electric mileage (under WLTC conditions) of not less than 43 km. Prior to this, this standard was no less than 50 km under NEDC conditions.
Second, the fuel consumption of the plug-in (including range extender) hybrid passenger car power retention mode test (fuel consumption excluding electric energy conversion) should be less than 70% compared with the corresponding fuel consumption limit of the model in the Passenger Car Fuel Consumption Limit (GB 19578-2021); the electric energy consumption of the power consumption mode test should be less than 135% of the target value of electric energy consumption. According to the different curb weight (m, kg) of plug-in (including range extender) hybrid passenger vehicles, the target value of 100 km of electric energy consumption (Y) should meet the following requirements: m≤1000×m+0.4; 1000<m≤1600, Y=0.0078×m+3.8; m>1600, Y=0.0048×m+8.60.
After the adjustment of the standard, the new energy vehicles newly listed in China must meet the above technical requirements in order to enter the "Catalogue of New Energy Vehicle Models Exempted from Vehicle Purchase Tax". The new standard will be implemented from October 1, 2021.
The introduction of this policy represents that most hybrid models will lose the preferential policy of purchase tax reduction. Many car companies affected by this policy, including the ideal car part of the car expansion model of the new car manufacturing force, the traditional car company BYD's Tang DM, the joint venture brand Volvo XC90, FAW Toyota RAV4 Rongfang Shuangqing, etc., will not be able to enjoy this preferential policy of exemption from purchase tax.
So the country will definitely divide this line more clearly in the future, and the hybrid model is just a transitional product. For cities with limited license plates for fuel vehicles, buying a hybrid model may not solve the problem of restrictions.
After talking about the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid cars, let's talk about the hybrid models, and there are two common misunderstandings:
Myth 1: It is said that it is expensive to change the battery of the oil-electric hybrid, is this really the case?
From the current hot oil-electric hybrid vehicle on the market, the battery pack warranty is almost 200,000 kilometers, according to the mileage of 20,000 kilometers a year, basically can be stable for more than 10 years. And like my Toyota Camry dual engine, the warranty of the battery pack is unlimited mileage and unlimited years, and I don't need to worry about the battery at all. And the oil-electric hybrid car is mainly to solve the problem that pure fuel vehicles cannot keep up with the power in the initial stage. In the initial stage of the car, the hybrid vehicle uses a motor drive, and the consumption and frequency of use of the battery are actually very small.
In addition, almost all hybrid electric vehicles have developed a very mature management system for the life of the battery. For example: the use of the principle of shallow battery flushing and shallow discharge. Battery management technology like the Toyota Hybrid model will charge the battery when it has about 60% of the battery power left. Honda Hybrid is to charge the battery when it has 40% of its power left. Toyota uses nickel-metal hydride batteries, Honda uses lithium-ion batteries, the theory is that the batteries of both are stable for more than 10 years without pressure, especially Toyota's nickel-metal hydride batteries have a longer life.
If your hybrid car is used very frequently, in case the battery fails during the warranty period, is it expensive to replace a battery after the warranty? One owner took out the battery replacement slip and said that he was within the scope of acceptance after reading it.
As can be seen from the maintenance list, the cost of replacing the battery pack is 21680 yuan, and the working hours cost is 210 yuan, so it seems that the cost of replacing a battery pack is not low. But the car is in the warranty period, the owner only needs to spend 210 yuan of man-hours, if your car has passed the warranty period, then I still do not recommend replacing the battery, because it is really not cost-effective.
In addition, I will say one more thing, if your hybrid car battery is broken and cannot be used, then it is recommended that you immediately repair it, although it can be used completely with oil to drive it, but the fuel consumption can be as high as 100 kilometers and more than 10L, and it will not be able to play the advantage of fuel saving of the hybrid car.
In summary, the oil-electric hybrid car does not have to worry about the problem of the battery at all, those who advocate the replacement of the battery is expensive, the battery winter mileage attenuation is serious, in fact, are keyboard men, because they have not bought or driven the oil-electric hybrid car at all.
Myth two: it is said that the retention rate of gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles is low, is this really the case?
Let's take a look at the "China Passenger Car Retention Rate Report" and the "2019 Automobile Retention Rate Report" jointly released by the China Automobile Dealers Association and Jingzhen Estimate. The report lists the three-year retention rate of several pure fuel vehicles, gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles.
Fuel Vehicles:
Toyota Camry fuel version, 3-year retention rate: 63.5%, 3-year depreciation cost of about 87,100.
3 years depreciation cost + 3 years oil cost = 119,600 yuan.
Hybrid:
Honda Accord Sharp Oil-Electric Hybrid Edition, 3-year retention rate: 64.8%, 3-year depreciation cost of about 93,000 yuan.
3 years depreciation cost + 3 years oil cost = 116,200 yuan.
Plug-in hybrid:
BYD Tang plug-in hybrid version, 3-year retention rate: 49.18%, 3-year depreciation cost of about 92,300 yuan.
3 years depreciation cost + 3 years oil cost = 122,600 yuan.
Pure electric vehicles:
GAC Aean S (510 km cruising range version), 3-year retention rate: 32.3%, 3-year depreciation cost of about 108,800 yuan.
3 years depreciation cost + 3 years electricity cost = 117,100 yuan.
From the depreciation cost of the above 4 models plus the cost of use, the oil-electric hybrid model is slightly ahead in terms of saving money, in fact, the difference is not large. Combining the cost of car purchase, 3 years of use cost and 3 years of depreciation cost, it is calculated that the hybrid model is actually the most economical.
Write at the end
Hybrid vehicle is a transition product between pure fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles, which has both the convenience of fuel vehicles and the fuel-saving characteristics of electric vehicles, and the mileage is the longest of all types. Although its price will be a little higher, its advantages are equally prominent.
You like a car, even if it has many shortcomings you can tolerate it, if you don't like a car, even if it has only one flaw, you will complain and regret. Therefore, buying a car should start according to your actual needs, only by understanding the advantages and disadvantages of a car, you can not regret it after buying a car!
Here are a few tips for people who want to buy a hybrid:
Suggestion one: If you want to buy a plug-in hybrid model, then you must have a suitable charging environment, whether it is home or unit, it is best to have a fixed charging pile. If you buy a plug-in hybrid model and drive it as a fuel car, the economics and driving feel will be greatly reduced.
Suggestion two: If your city is heavily congested and often brakes, then you can try the hybrid model, which will bring you a completely different experience.
Tip three: If you have business reception needs, the tranquility and ride comfort of the hybrid model can meet you.