preface
In the Chinese Poetics, a complex sentence in which the first three words are in the form of sentences, that is, the first three words are subject-verb structures, and the last two words are predicates or verbs.
First, the third word adjective
1. The first 3 words are predicate, and the last 2 words are predicates
1)nN-F-f(d)F
Rhombus - weak - difficult to determine, poplar - light - easy to fly. 2-1-2 structure. It can also be seen as a 3-2 structure: the rhombus vine is weak - difficult to determine, and the yang flower is light - easy to fly
Wang Wei's "Guiyuan Chuanzuo":
The valley mouth is sparsely bellged, and the fishing tree is slightly thin.
Leisurely far away from the mountains, alone to the white clouds.
Rhombus - weak - difficult to determine, poplar - light - easy to fly.
Donggao spring grass color, sad to cover the firewood.
2)fN-F-f(d)V
The last word is the verb, Cypress - Bitter - Judean Food, Mingxia - High - Edible. In the same way, it is also seen as a 3-2 structure: Cuibai bitter - Judas food, Mingxia gao - can be eaten.
Du Fu's "Empty Bag":
Cuibai is bitter and eaten, and the morning (or Ming) Xiagao (or Chao) can be eaten.
The world is reckless, and my way is difficult.
Not cuàn well morning freezing, no clothes bed night cold.
The pocket is afraid and shy, and I have to leave a dollar to see.
3）NN-F-dF
The last word is an adjective. Mautz - sparse - easy to wet, cloud - dense - difficult to open. In the same way, it can also be seen as a 3-2 structure: Maoz sparse - easy to wet, dense clouds - difficult to open
Du Fu "Plum Rain":
Nanjing Xipu Road, ripe yellow plum in April.
Zhanzhan Yangtze River go, the rain comes.
Maoz - sparse - easy to wet, cloud - dense - difficult to open.
The day is full of dragon joy, coiled and shore back.
2, the first 3 words of the main verb, the last 2 words of the guest
1) nN-F-V-N
2-1-1-1 structure, eaves rain - chaos - shower, mountain clouds - low - degree wall. Look at the 3-2 structure: eaves rain chaos - shower mantle, mountain clouds low - degree wall.
From one of Du Fu's "Miscellaneous Poems of Qinzhou":
The autumn shade is easy to be long, and the morning light is no longer discerned.
Eaves rain - chaos - drenched mantle, mountain clouds - low - degree wall.
Cormorants peep into shallow wells, earthworms go deep into the church.
The carriage and horse He Xiaosuo, the grass in front of the door is long.
This sentence form, if seen as 2-2-1, is a simple sentence, nN-fV-N: eaves rain - chaotic - mantle, mountain clouds - low - wall.
Chaotic, low, much like the adverb of a modified verb.
2） fN-F-V-N
It is also a 2-1-1-1 structure. The first word is the adjective fN, which is not much different from nN. What is important is that the poems given by Mr. Wang Li are different from the above.
Yuhua-欹-Man-Tree, Small Water-Thin-Tong-Pool.
Nanshan - Sunny - Yes - Snow, Dong Mo - Ji - No - Dust.
These two verses are not suitable for 2-2-1. However, it can also be seen as a 3-2 structure: Nanshan Qing - there is snow, and Dong Mo Ji - no dust.
Second, the 3rd verb,
1. The last 2 words adverb modifies the verb or adjective
1) nN-V-dV, adverb + verb, dV: father - to - all go, neighbor - noisy - not to violate.
Du Fu (Tang) "Cold Food":
Cold food Jiangcun Road, wind and flowers flying high.
The smoke is light and rising, and the bamboo sun is quiet.
Father Tian - want - all go, neighbor - noisy - do not violate.
The ground is full of acquaintances, and the chickens and dogs have forgotten to return.
2) nN-V-dF
For example: rice - cooking - can white, okra - boiling - restoring.
The last 2 words, adverb + adjective, dF: noh white, new.
Du Fu's "Maotang Inspection School Harvesting Rice Two Songs" No. 2:
Rice - cooking - can be white, okra - boiled - restored.
Who is slippery and easy to full, the old is soft and even.
The seeds are fortunate to be cooked in Fangzhou, and the seedlings are with Yi Que Chun.
There is no Lao Ying canal bowl, and its own color is like silver.
This one, and the previous one, are both 2-1-2 structures. But the difference is also obvious: rice-cooked, in form a subject-verb structure, is actually an inverted sentence form, cook-rice.
2. The first 3 words are not complete sentence form, and the last 2 words are sentenced to the first 3 words
nN-V-N-F, Seagull Knows - Official-Pride, Sand Crane See - Man - Decline.
Seagulls know, subject-verb structure. Arrogance is the object of the preceding subject-verb structure. 吏-pride is also a sentence form of subject-verb structure.
This sentence pattern can also be seen as a 3-2 sentence pattern, subject-verb + subject-verb.
From Liu Changqing (Tang) "Reward Zhang Xia Farewell After the Dao Zhongjian Mail":
Outliers are old, who is at the end of the world.
There are few twilight snow companions, and the cold tide is late.
Seagulls - Know - Officials - Proud, Sand Cranes - See - People - Decline.
Only afraid of autumn grass, the return to the west is not expected.
Conclusion
The common denominator of several complex sentences and sentences today is that the first three words are subject-verb structures, and they are 2-1 structures. For example: Sand Crane - See, Neighbor - Noisy. The more special subject-verb structure, such as: rice-cooking, is actually the inversion of "cooking-rice".
Since they are all complex sentences, there is of course a second predicate that follows, and the second predicate is also different. Some are predicates of the subject: mountain cloud - low - degree wall. Some are complements to the object: sand crane -see-person-decay.
@Old Street Taste