preface
In the Chinese Poetics, Mr. Wang Li also mentioned several sentence patterns about overlapping words. Overlapping words are denoted by r, nr, the overlapping word of the noun, fr, the overlapping word of the adjective.
In the five-word near-body poem, the overlapping characters generally exist in three positions, the 1st and 2nd characters, the 3rd and 4th characters, and the 4th and 5th characters. In addition, poets will control the number of times a poem is stacked, usually up to a pair.
First, the stacked words are in the first 2 words
1. The first 2 words of the direction or time language, the middle subject, the last two words are overlapping words
1）fn-N-FR
Ji Tan - Yu - Fa Fa, ChunCao - Deer - Youyou, from the "Title Zhang Clan Hermit Ii":
When the son meets, he invites people to stay late.
Ji Tan - Bird - Hair, Spring Grass - Deer - Yo Yo.
Du Jiu was partial to persuasion, and Zhang Li did not ask for it.
The mountain road in the former village is dangerous, and it is safe to get drunk.
2)nn-N-FR
Yunxi - flower - light, spring guo - water - lingling. From Du Fu's "Xingci Yanting County Chat Topic Four Rhymes Feng Jian Yan Sui Prefecture Pengzhou Two Envoys Consult Zhu Kunji":
The horse's head sees the salt pavilion, and the mountain embraces the county qing.
Yunxi - flower - light, spring guo - water - lingling.
There are many soldiers in the whole Shu, and the Yan family gathers the Stars.
The long song is full of meaning, so that the old man can listen.
2. The first two words are overlapping words, and the last three words are verbs with a purpose
1) NR-V-cN
Everybody - hurt - white head, everywhere - pick up - gold cup. From Du Fu's (Tang) "Climbing the White Horse Pond":
The aquatic spring cable is gone, and the sunrise wild boat is open.
The birds are still gone, and the bushes of flowers can't laugh.
Everybody - hurt - white head, everywhere - pick up - gold cup.
Mo Dao knew what he wanted, and the southern expedition did not return.
2) NR(FR)-V-fN
Always - open - dark room, so - full - blue sky. From Du Fu's (Tang) "Moon":
Wanli Qu Tang Yue, spring to six winding.
Always - open - dark room, so - full - blue sky.
Cool and quiet, high when the tearful face hangs.
There are black magpies flying south, and the night falls on the riverside for a long time.
3. The first two words are stacked, and the subject is after the stacked words
1) fr-fN-V(F)
Xiao Xiao - Gusai - Cold, Desert - Autumn Clouds - Low. From Du Fu's "Twenty Miscellaneous Poems of Qinzhou":
Xiao Xiao - Gusai - Cold, Desert - Autumn Clouds - Low.
Yellow hooves are raining, and goshawks are hungry for mud.
Jimen who from the north, Han will conquer the west alone.
I don't care about books, and I am tired of drumming.
(2) fr-NN-V(F)
fr-NN-F, Flying-Bee-Butterfly-Multi. Fly, Mr. Wang Li thinks here as an adjective.
In this sentence form, Wang Li chose a poem by Du Fu:
Gentle - flower bud - chaotic, flying - bee butterfly - and more.
The snoop is lazy, and the guest wants it.
3) The last three words are the main verb object structure
fr-N-V-N, 淅淅-Wind-Raw-Masonry, Tuantuan-Sun-Hidden-Wall. From Du Fu's "Bo You":
Sweeping - wind - life - masonry, tuantuan - day - hidden - wall.
The autumn geese in the distant sky are extinguished, and the clouds are long in the twilight of the half-ridge.
Sick leaves fall first, and cold flowers are only temporarily fragrant.
Ba Cheng's eyes were filled with tears, and tonight the light was cleared again.
4) The last three word subject-verb structure
fr-N-dV(F), Loneliness - Spring Will Be Late, Rejoicing - Selfishness. From Du Fu's "Jiang Ting":
Tan belly river pavilion warm, long yin wild looking time.
The water flow is not competitive, and the cloud is late.
Lonely spring will be late, and Xinxin is selfish.
Jiang Dong fought bitterly and looked back with an eyebrow.
Second, the third and fourth characters are stacked words, and the subject is in front of the stacked words
1. Overlapping words are overlapping nouns
1)nN-nr-V
Anvil - home - hair, tree sound - one by one - the same. From one of Du Fu's (Tang) Five Songs of Qiu Ye:
The distant shore is white in autumn, and the mountains are red in the evening.
The submerged scales lose the waves, and the wings will be high winds.
Anvil - home - hair, tree sound - one by one - the same.
Fei Frost served as a young woman and was given the Nangong Palace.
2)nN-nr-V
Farming - village - urgent, spring stream - shore - deep. From one of Du Fu's "Five Songs of Spring River Village":
Farming - village - urgent, spring stream - shore - deep.
A thousand miles of eyes, a hundred years of time.
The huts are also endowed, and the peaches can be found.
Difficult and unhurried, drifting to the present.
2. Adjectives overlap
nN-fr-F, Wild Sun-Desolate-White, Spring Stream-泯-Qing. From one of Du Fu's "Two Songs of Mancheng":
Nodichi-Rough-White, Spring-泯泯-Qing.
Nagisa is everywhere, and the village path is made door by door.
It is only a cloak, and it is often born from wet wine.
There are no mundane things in front of you, and you are sick and light.
Third, the last two words are overlapping words,
1. The superimposed word precedes the verb or adjective it modifies
1) Overlapping words modify verbs
nN-Vfr, Chengwu - Crying, Wild Heron - Su Juanjuan. From Du Fu 's (Tang)'s Zhouyue vs. Yijin Temple:
Deeper without false candles, the moon is self-evident ship.
Outside the golden brake green maple, Zhu Lou white water edge.
The city is crying, and the wild heron is juanjuan.
Hao shou jianghu guest, hook curtain alone sleepless. ，
2) Overlapping words modify adjectives
nN-F-fr, Ting Yan - Light - Ran Ran, Takeichi - Jing - Hui Hui. From Du Fu's "Cold Food":
Cold food Jiangcun Road, wind and flowers flying high.
Ting Yan - Light - Ran Ran, Bamboo Day - Jing - Hui Hui.
Father Tian wants to go all, and the neighbors will not violate it.
The ground is full of acquaintances, and the chickens and dogs have forgotten to return.
2. The last two words are overlapping words, and the purpose language (object) in front of the modification is inverted.
N-V-Nfr, wind-blowing-flower flakes, spring movement-water expanse. From Du Fu's "On the City (An Empty City)":
The grass is full of Brazilian green, and the empty city grows day and day.
The wind blows - the flowers are flakes, the spring is moving - the water is vast.
The Eight Juns followed the Heavenly Son, and the group of subjects followed the Emperor Wu.
Distant smell of patrol, morning and evening all over the wilderness.
Conclusion
There are only three positions of the word stack, 12, 34, and 45. In addition, if you pay attention to these five laws, most of them will only appear in one pair.
Other poems use more overlapping characters, such as "Qingqing Riverside Grass" in the "Nineteen Ancient Poems", which uses six groups of overlapping characters in a row, and the "Book of Poetry and Shuoren" also has:
The river is full of water and the north is alive. Shi Fu Tao, Tuna hair. Unveiled, The Sins of the Ginger, and the Servants have the Leaves.
@Old Street Taste
In the five-word poem, two verbs begin, and the verb structure is a 2-3 sentence pattern