There are 8 types of sentence forms in 4-1 structure sentences, 2 of which are very similar

preface

Similarly, sentences with 4-1 structures also have simple sentences, complex sentences, and incomplete sentences.

Mr. Wang Li is divided into 8 categories, of which the 7th and 8th categories can actually be regarded as one. In addition, there will be subtle differences in each category, for example, the name words may have parallel words: NN, there may be non-parallel words: fN, nN, bN, cN, and so on.

1. Simple sentence: the first 4 words of the first 4 words, the last adjective or the verb of the object

Churen Rice - Fat, Yun Guo Rice Seedling - Xiu, a special noun, bnnN-F, b, denotes a special noun.

From Wang Wei's "Sending Friends back to the South"

Spring should be exhausted, and the three rivers and geese are also rare.

Lian Tianhan water is wide, and the lone guest Yingcheng returns.

Yun Guo rice seedlings - Xiu, Chu people rice = fertilizer.

Suspense leaning on the door, remotely recognizing old Laiyi.

Yun Guo rice miao xiu, Chu people rice fertilizer. Yun and Chu are both special nouns, denoted by b. Rice and millet are also nouns, but these two words are modifiers here, seedlings of rice, rice of sorghum, so they are denoted by nN.

Another example: Old Country Cloud Mountain - in, New Year's scenery - Yu; Noji Temple remnant monks - less, mountain garden thin road - high. Individual parts of speech are slightly different, and the overall situation is similar.

Second, complex sentences: the first word of the subject, the first 4 words of the sentence form, the last word is also a predicate

For example: crane nest pine tree - pass, 4-1 structure of the sentence form: NVnN-F, you can also think of as 1-1-2-1 structure: N-V-nN-F, crane -nest - pine - over.

From Wang Wei's "Mountain Residence is a Matter":

Loneliness covers the wood, and the sky is dark against the sunset.

Crane nest pine tree - all over, people visit the gate - rare.

Green bamboo contains new pink, red lotus falls on the old clothes.

The ferry head was on fire, and everywhere it was collected.

Complex sentences: The first four words are predicate forms, and the fifth word is a verb

The difference between this sentence form and type 2 is that the first 4 words are predicate forms, and the last word is also the main verb as the second predicate. In the Chinese Poetics, the formula is: VV-NN+V.

v stands for verb and N stands for noun. Capitalization indicates primary status, and in this form each word is a major part.

For example: looking for poetry + in, thinking about the years + surprise. VV-NN+V。

From one of Yuan Shu's "Ten Songs of Dispatch":

Seven times over the city station, back to each of the love.

Eight years of life dream, a kind of water and wind sound.

Looking for poetry + in, thinking about the years + surprise.

More sad to say goodbye to Sissai, all night around the pool.

This sentence pattern can be seen as a 4-1 structure, the first four words are a whole, predicate + object. The latter word is the second predicate of a complex sentence.

Fourth, complex sentences: the sentence form is pregnant with the sentence form of the adjective

Purple Cliff Run - Black, White Bird Go Edge - Ming. A certain place of black and a certain side is a sentence form, and the purple cliff running and white bird that make up "so-and-so" are also sentence forms, that is, the subject-predicate structure.

Isn't it a bit like a Russian matryoshka doll?

cnv-N+F, Purple Cliff Ben is the modifier for "at" and White Bird goes is the modifier for "edge".

From one of Du Fu's "Four Songs of Rain":

Light rain does not slide, broken clouds and return to the line.

Purple Cliff Run - Black, White Bird Go Edge - Ming.

Autumn new shadows, the old sound of the cold river falling.

Chai Mo Linye, half mashed incense japonica.

Fifth, complex sentences: the sentence form contains the predicate form of the adjective sex

The fourth category differs from the fifth category in terms of whether it is followed by "predicate form" or "sentence form". Predicate form refers to the form of no subject having a predicate, and sentence form refers to the form in which subject and verb have it.

But specifically in the verses,

For example: Deng li huanggan - heavy, support bed brocade - round. Dengyu and Zhibi are both predicate forms (verb structures) that modify the central language Huanggan and Jinshi, and combine them to form the subject of the whole sentence. So Mr. Wang Li explained that this is the predicate form of wrapping pregnancy in the subject.

The subjects of these two poems can be seen as: the yellow gan of the dengyu (put into the sacrificial vessel), and the brocade stone used to support the bed. The predicate is heavy and round.

This 4-1 sentence pattern can also be written as 221 sentence form: vn-cN-F

From Du Fu's "Ji Qiu Jiang Village":

Arbor village ruins are ancient, and the hedges are hanging wild vines.

Qingqin will have time, and the white head will look at the frost day.

Climb the huanggan - heavy, support bed brocade - round.

Although it is lonely to travel, it is difficult to see this mountain.

Complex sentences: The sentence form contains a verb, or adjective, of adjective sex

The sentence pattern is: f(d)vcn-V(F), f adjective, d adverb, v verb, c color, n noun.

For example: old yellow flowers - leftovers, new combs of white hair - micro. The difference between this sentence form and the fifth sentence form (the bed jinshi-circle) is the first 2 words. Old cai and new comb are verbs, and climbing and supporting beds are the structure of verbs + objects.

From Du Fu's "Nine Days of Gathering in the Forest":

The Nine-Day Ming Dynasty is, and it is necessary to compare the old customs.

The old man is difficult to get out early, and the sage is lucky to know.

Old yellow flowers - leftovers, new combs of white hair - micro.

Looking at the young music, the tears have been stained.

7. Incomplete sentence: The whole is a name word, the first 4 words are in sentence form, and the last word is time or direction

This sentence pattern has all 5 words and is combined into a noun phrase. The first 4 words are the sentence form of the subject-predicate-object structure, modifying the time language of the last word.

For example: The daughter of Linbo + day, the light of the gods illuminates the night + year. nNVN-N。 The first 4 words, the subject and the guest are very complete sentence form: concubine - pro - wave, divine light - illumination - night.

From the second part of Du Fu's "Two Songs of Covering the Boat":

Bamboo palace when looking to worship, Katsura Hall or ask for immortals.

The sister-in-law is in the wave - day, and the light of the gods is illuminated by night - year.

In vain, the sword is slashed, and there is no return to the rhinoceros ship.

The Messenger follows the autumn colors and travels alone to heaven.

8. Incomplete sentence: The whole is a name word, the first 4 words are in sentence form, and the last 1 word is not time or direction

The eighth sentence form can be regarded as the same as the seventh, the only difference being whether the last word is a time and direction word. For example: God illuminates the night - year, and the last word is the time word "year".

The last word is not a time or azimuth word, and Wang Li is listed separately in a category.

For example: Debater Anbian + Strategy, Yuan Rong Decisive Victory + Wei.

f(v)N-V-N+N, the first 4 words of the main verb object structure of the sentence form: debater - an - side, yuan rong - decisive - win. Used to modify the central language: policy, wei.

This sentence form is easily confused with the subject-verb-object structure. It should be understood as: the strategy of the defender anbian, the power of the Yuan Rong to win the victory.

From the Tang poet Du Fu's "Three Poems of The Western Mountains (i.e., Minshan Mountain, Han Obstruct Qiangyi, Quanshu Giant Obstacle)":

The disciples are still deep, and the siege of the city has not been lifted.

Silkworm cliff iron horse thin, irrigation rice boat thin.

Debater Anbian + Strategy, Yuan Rong Decisive Victory + Wei.

This morning, the black magpie is happy, and wants to repay the triumphant return.

Conclusion

Unlike sentences with a 1-4 structure, sentences with a 4-1 structure are more common in five-word poems.

Similarly, some 4-1 structure sentence patterns can also be seen as other structures. For example, Mr. Wang Li himself said:

Most are only possible analyses, not necessary analyses, such as: ..... Crane nest pine tree - all over, can also be decomposed into: crane - nest - pine tree - all over.

Either kind of analysis, only understanding, will help us to make the sentence form flexible and changeable when composing poetry.

@Old Street Taste

Five-word near-body sentence summary part 7, a rare 1-4 structure sentence pattern, which is rarely used by modern people in poetry