preface
Hong Liangji mentioned the four poems of the "Early Dynasty" in the "Poetry of the Northern River". These are four seven-sentence poems composed by four famous poets of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei, Du Fu, Cen Shan, and Jia Zhi, under the same theme.
Mr. Shi Jingcun also made a special analysis in the "Hundred Words of Tang Poems", these four poems, just can be compared, from which it is better to experience how to compose poetry.
I. The Four Poems of the Early Dynasty
During the Anshi Rebellion (755), Chang'an fell, and it was not until emperor Suzong of Tang 's second year (757) that Chang'an was recaptured. In February of the third year of The Reign of Emperor De (758), Emperor Suzong of Tang granted amnesty to the world and changed his name to Yuan Qianyuan. Jia Zhi, a certain Zhongshu She, composed a seven-word poem after the Shang Dynasty, and many poets from colleagues in the two provinces sang harmony.
The three poems of Wang Wei and Cen Shan of Zhongshu Province, and Du Fu of Menxia Province, and the poems of Jia Zhi, have been commented on by many poets, most of whom believe that Cen Shan is the best, Wang Wei is second, and Du Fu is the worst.
Jia Zhi's "Early Dynasty Daming Palace Presents Two Provincial Friends":
The silver candle is long in the sky, and the spring color of the forbidden city is clear.
A thousand weak willows are weeping, and a hundred flowing warblers are circling Jianzhang.
The sound of the sword and the sword followed the jade, and the crown of the robe provoked the incense of the imperial furnace.
Gongmu Enbo Phoenix Pond, Chao Chao Dye Han served the king.
Wang Wei's "Works of the Ming Palace in the Early Dynasty of The Jia Zhishe People":
The Chicken Man reported the chips, and Shang Yifang entered the Cuiyun Qiu.
Nine days opened the palace, and all the nations were crowned with crowns.
The sun is about to move the cactus, and the cigarettes are ready to float.
The five-color edict must be cut off, and the sound of pei is returned to the head of the phoenix pond.
Cen Shan's "Works of the Early Ming Dynasty Officials of the Hejia Zhishe People":
The sound of the chicken purple strange dawn cold, warbler huangzhou spring color.
Jin Que Xiaozhong opened ten thousand households, and the Jade Rank Immortals supported thousands of officials.
The flower greeted the sword and the star first fell, and the willow flag was dewless.
Unique Fenghuang Pool guests, YangChun a song and are difficult.
Du Fu's "Fenghe Jia Zhishe People Early Dynasty Daming Palace":
Five nights of leaking sounds to prompt the arrow, the nine spring color drunken peach.
The flag is warm and the dragon and snake move, and the palace wind is slightly high.
Pilgrim cigarettes are full of sleeves, and poems are swirling into pearls.
To know the beauty of the world's palm silk, Ikegami now has a phoenix hair.
Two, three aphorisms
In these four poems, in addition to Jia Zhi, Wang, Cen and Du each have a series of aphorisms that are popular among the population.
Wang Wei's: Nine days to open the palace, the crown of all nations to worship the crown.
Cen Ginseng's: The flower greets the sword Peixing at the beginning of the fall, and the willow breeze flag is not dry.
Du Fu's: The flag is warm and the dragon and snake are moving, and the palace wind is slightly high.
Jia Zhi's quadruplet has no particularly eye-catching aphorisms.
However, Du Fu's joint use of birds against the dragon snake was considered by Mr. Shi Jicun: The next sentence is not very commensurate with the previous sentence. Because the use of the word "bird" is not rich enough.
3. Chapter structure
The poems of the four men, the first couplet, all highlight the "early":
Jia Zhi: The silver candle is long and purple, and the forbidden city is full of spring colors.
Wang Wei: The Chicken Man reports the chips, and Shang Yi Fang enters Cui Yun Qiu.
Cen Shan: Chicken sound purple mo dawn cold, warbler Huangzhou spring color.
Du Fu: Five nights of leaking sounds to prompt Xiao Arrow, nine spring color drunken peach.
The back highlights the "dynasty", that is, the scene of the upper dynasty. Jia Zhi, Wang Wei, and Cen Shen used the second couplet (the middle four sentences), and Du Fu only wrote the upper dynasty with his neck:
Jia Zhi: A thousand weak willows are weeping, and a hundred flowing warblers are circling Jianzhang. The sound of the sword and the sword followed the jade, and the crown of the robe provoked the incense of the imperial furnace.
Wang Wei: The palace was opened in nine days, and all the nations were crowned with crowns. The sun is about to move the cactus, and the cigarettes are ready to float.
Cen Shan: Jin Que Xiao Zhong opened ten thousand households, and the Jade Rank Immortals supported thousands of officials. The flower greeted the sword and the star first fell, and the willow flag was dewless.
Du Fu: The flag is warm and the dragon and snake move, and the palace wind is slightly high.
The concluding sentence is somewhat different, Cen Shan and Du Fu because of their small official positions, both end with compliments to Jia Zhi, Du Fu has a second link, cen Shen used a link:
Cen Shan: Unique Fenghuang Pond Guest, Yang Chun Yi Song and all difficult.
Du Fu: Cigarettes are full of sleeves, and poems are waving pearls and jade. To know the beauty of the world's palm silk, Ikegami now has a phoenix hair.
But Wang Wei did not compliment Jia Zhi.
Wang Wei: The dynasty must cut the five-color edict, and pei sheng returns to the head of the fengchi.
Wang Wei said that after the end of the dynasty, everyone should return to Zhongshu Province and should handle affairs for the emperor and draft various edicts. Why didn't Wang Wei compliment Jia Zhi? Mr. Shi Jingcun examined:
Wang Wei's official position was Prince Zhongyun, and he was the same as Zhongshu Sheren (中書舍人) as Zheng Wupin (正五品上階). His qualifications are also older than Jia Zhi,so he does not compliment Jia Zhi.jpg Cen Counselor's right supplement is from the Seven Pin Officials; Du Fu Guan's left pick-up is from the Eight Pin Officials, and of course they should compliment the chief. "100 Words of Tang Poems"
Wang Wei's tail link is actually similar to Jia Zhi's meaning:
Jia Zhi: Gongmu Enbo Fengchishang, Emperor Of the Dynasty.
Fourth, the white bi is slightly flawed
Regarding these four poems, many people in history have commented on them.
1. Buckle and rhyme
Hong Liangji mentioned in the "Poetry of Beijiang":
The Jasher people are the work of the rate, so the knot is round and bright, and the next joint is strong. Shaolingshu was also embarrassed. The world is called the king and Cen Er poems, and the palace merchants are in unison. However, the Tang dynasty has the heaviest rhyme, and Cen feels more natural and full than Wang Jie. Moreover, Cen is a sentence and an early dynasty, and Wang and Du are inevitably pulled and the time when the dynasty is not yet abolished.
Hong Liangji mentioned that Cen San and Wang Wei won, while Cen Shan was better. There are two reasons, one is rhyme, which is compared from the aspect of rhyme. One is the content, Cen Shan's four leagues do not leave the early dynasty, and the topic is tighter. Wang Wei and Du Fu wrote about the imperial retribution.
2. Repeat
In the Ming Dynasty Hu Yuanrui's "Shaomu Shanfang Pen Cluster", Wang Wei was criticized for writing too much about clothes:
But there are too many colors, and the disease is not small. ("帻", "Shangyi", "Cuiyun Qiu", "Yiguan", "Crown", "GunLong")
In addition, the criticism of Cen Shan's "Dawn" and "Xiao Zhong" also has the disease of repetition.
Chicken sound purple mo [dawn] cold, golden que [Xiao Zhong] open ten thousand households,
3. Rich language
Hu Zhenheng's "Tang Yin Peng Signature" said:
The four poems of the early dynasty, the famous hand gathered this topic, jue right Cheng was good at the field, Jiazhou called Ya, du lao Du was dull and colorless. The rich and noble inscriptions are written from Guan Fu Xiang, which can account for the lifetime poverty of all people, and should not be poetry.
Wang Wei is the best, because Wang Wei is good at using rich language, and it can be seen that there is a blessed appearance, and his language is most suitable for this scene. And Du Fu was eclipsed. Hu Zhenheng also said that it can be seen from this that among these people, Du Fu will not soar in the future.
Speaking of this paragraph, I can't help but think of Yan Shu's story about the poor writing rich language has "beggar phase", and Bai Juyi's poems also have "non-rich language, look at people rich and noble people also" interesting talk.
Conclusion
Most people evaluate the four poems, believing that Cen Shan is the first, Wang Wei is the second, Jia Zhi is the third, and Du Fu is the fourth.
However, everyone knows Du Fu's status, so it is said that du Fu's level is the lowest in terms of these four poems.
In addition, there is another feature of these four songs to pay attention to, Mr. Shi Jingcun said:
The words and sentences require richness, the battle requires seiko, and the ideological content must have the meaning of gratitude and praise. The method of creation is pure endowment, and it cannot be used with an implicit meaning of Bixing. This kind of poetry was especially abundant in the early and prosperous Tang dynasties, and poets often used this kind of work to express their talent in writing Hanyuan articles.
It is difficult to understand the use of the codex, and it does not need to be happy, so there is not much aftertaste, which is the problem of this type of poetry.
@Old Street Taste
A poem rewritten from Tang Dynasty and written by a puppy provoked the poet's death