Author: Dai Ke, Source: Tang Poetry song poetry ancient poems (ID: tsgsc8)
Among Du Fu's friends, talented people abounded, but few could surpass him. Especially in writing poetry, Du Fu can be said to be a human ceiling (Li Bai is a fairy, let's not fall into this category).
Du Fu's first idol was Li Bai, the second idol was human Gao Shi, and the third idol was naturally Cen San.
Du Fu opened his mouth in the poem "Tang Pi Xing", saying: "The Cen Brothers are all curious, and they have brought me far away to travel to Yu Pi. "Yupi is in Yanxian County, and Du Fu had a good time on this trip. In fact, Cen Shan not only likes to hunt for curiosity in life, but also writes strange poems, and what can be compared with him in the same period is probably Li Bai. But the two are different after all, Li Bai is a lonely ranger, wandering in all directions.
Cen Shan is a veteran who has lived in the desert for a long time, and he is tough and strong. The two trips not only refreshed his vision, but also opened up a unique perspective for Datang's border plug poems.
Teenagers aspire to bitter middle school
In the fourth year of the new century (716), Cen Shan was born in Xianzhou, Henan. At this time, his father Cen Zhi was serving as the Assassin of Xianzhou, and one person's Feng Lu was enough to make the whole family live a prosperous life. But this will never satisfy the children of the Cen clan. Because from Cen Shan's great-grandfather to his uncle, there were three prime ministers in a row.
It is no exaggeration to say that Cen Shan is born superior after the Xiangmen. Therefore, his mental condition of longing for meritorious service all his life but depressed and unmotivated can be understood.
Compared with many prenatal infants now, cen shan's enlightenment can be described as much later. At the age of five, he began to read. He later said in the "Feeling the Old Endowment": "Five years old to read, nine years old to belong to the literature, fifteen hidden in Songyang, twenty dedication to the book." Just twenty words, summed up a full twenty years.
At the age of six, Cen Zhi was transferred to jinju assassin history, and Cen And his brothers and brothers naturally went together. His two older brothers, Cen Wei and Cen Quan, were born to his father's ex-wife, and Cen Shan and his two younger brothers were siblings. Even so, the education of the elder brother to the younger brother is not ambiguous at all. When he reached the age of nine, he began to study articles with his brother. He said, "Brother Lotus's teachings, Fang Li himself to increase his cultivation." ”
It is said that marrying a daughter-in-law who is a teacher, the child is equivalent to having a free tutor. Cen Shan's mother's cultural level is not high, but his brother has been praised by Du Fu, and he wants to come to be a brilliant literary talent, regretting that no works have been left.
When Cen Was fourteen years old, his father died of illness. The family is in a bad situation. The two older brothers went out to earn a living, and the three children returned with their mother to their hometown of Wangwu County, where there were several old houses and acres of thin land left by their ancestors. Cen Shan began to live a hard life of fishing for a mouthful of meat for half a day.
Later, when Du Qi wrote the preface to his poetry collection, he said: "In his early years, he was lonely and poor, and he was able to improve himself, read all the historical books, and especially worked on the text. ”
The next year, the mother and son and their party came to the "Old Grass Hall" in Songyang. Here is relatively close to the official office of the eldest brother Cen Wei, and there is a care in life. Cen Shan spent several years of quiet life here. The daily work is to ask some local people of insight for advice. As a result, he became acquainted with a group of hermits and students, and the spiritual world was enriched.
Ten years to turn into a career
In order to realize the ambition in his heart, Cen Spent half a month, wrote several wonderful articles, and went to Luoyang to dedicate his gifts. Not to mention how hard it was toiled and how much money it cost, but the result was a stone sinking into the sea. This is no different from the first submission by contemporary writers.
Cen Shan was not discouraged, thinking that Luoyang was not good, it was better to shift the position, so he ran to Chang'an to present the text, but still no one cared. It is worth mentioning that in Chang'an, he met Wang Changling and Li Qi, and also wrote a farewell poem for Wang Changling:
Silent about the wine, sad to send the king.
Ming Shi was not used, and Bai Shou attacked the text.
Ze Guo from an official, the vicissitudes of thousands of miles.
The group of dukes was full of heaven and went to Huaishui alone.
The old home is Fuchunzhu, trying to remember the Wojiang Building.
Since he heard that jun wanted to go, he looked forward to southern Xuzhou.
The poor alley is closed alone, and the cold light is quiet and deep.
The north wind blows a little snow, and the hug is Ken to sleep with.
When Jun xing arrived at Jingkou, it was the time of peach blossoms.
The boat is lonely, and there are many new poems on the lake.
Submerged and deep, it is not too late for the yellow crane to lift.
Cherish the Jun Qingyun Instrument and strive to add meals.
"Sending Wang Dachangling to Jiangning"
Cen Shan wrote poetry, even if it was separate, it was not sad. Although the first sentence begins with a silent and melancholy appearance, it is the appearance inherent in the separation, not the posture that the poet wants to show. Wang Changling arrived at Jingkou, just when the peach blossoms were in full bloom. Count the time for your trip, and this friendship may be rare today except for your parents.
The main theme of the whole poem is to persuade Wang Changling not to be discouraged- "With such a high talent, he should eat two more bowls of rice." One day, you will definitely go out to sea with a dragon and a yellow crane flying high! "Cen Shan, this friend, his heart is full of light and self-confidence, and he is liked at first sight.
Cen Ginseng was unable to make a donation, and he roamed to the henan provinces of Hebei. Tianbao Erzai returned to Chang'an and wrote the "Feeling the Old Gift". He concludes:
"I'm from Dongshan, offering books to Western Zhou. In and out of the second county, ten autumns. Many were disengaged, and they were tired of burning boats. Snow is frozen through the ass, dust is thick. The obstacle of the road of the world, I am afraid that the years will not be left. The city will return to the old tour of the Cloud Forest..."
Read it carefully, how can the word "bitter" be obtained?! Is it true that a generation of talents, in the prosperous world, can only be forced to return to the hidden mountains and forests in the end?
Cen Shan caressed the sword and sang:
"The water of the East China Sea turns into a field, and the fish of the North Sea flies into the sky... Sighing at the Junmen Xi He Shen, Gu Sheng sometimes went to the corner. The grass is in a state of pity, and the steps are balanced and staggered. Strong learning, zhiyin is not nothing. With the patronage of the Star people, Shu is expected to be in Hengqu. ”
Someone to promote, maybe you can also enter the official field and realize your ambitions. Otherwise, you can only retreat to the countryside like Tao Yuanming. Cen San's words, the state of the ancient and modern talents who have not yet reached the time, are overwhelmingly emotional. Then, there is only one way left.
In 744, the twenty-nine-year-old young poet Cen San, took an exam in Chang'an, finishing second and first. His performance in this regard is obviously inheriting the family endowment. Later, he was awarded the Right Inner Commanding Fu Bing Cao to join the army. He is a subordinate official of the Eastern Palace Crown Prince's Mansion. Cen Shan wrote a poem:
Thirty years of life, eunuchs are full of desires.
Self-pity has no old karma, and does not dare to shame officials.
Streams swallow the road, mountain flowers drunk medicine bar.
Only five buckets of rice, not a fishing rod.
"The First Official Title GaoGuan Caotang"
Cen Shan's mood at this time was somewhat complicated. Since the age of twenty, he has been running for his ideals, and now he has successfully entered the career, but his interest is about to be exhausted. As Zhang Ailing said: "Become famous early!" "Some of the ideals of youth, even if they can be realized in old age, they will no longer have the joy of the beginning." On the contrary, it may elicit feelings of the passage of time and the faltering of life.
That's what Cen Shan is. He lamented that ten years of his life had been wasted. However, in order to survive, he did not dare to look down on this petty officer. This contradiction puzzled Yang Wanli in the Southern Song Dynasty for a lifetime. In order to live, Cen Shan could only live up to the fishing rod.
Plug in the scenery to win the city
In the seventh year of Tianbao, the great calligrapher Yan Zhenqing sent an envoy to Long right. Yan Zhenqing is one of Cen Shan's important friends in the capital and has always known Cen San's ambitions. So after seeing Gao Xianzhi, he strongly recommended him.
The following year, Gao Xianzhi returned to Chang'an and submitted a list of employees to the emperor, including Cen Shan. He was appointed to join the army as the Right Guard Ande Wei Andi, and went to Ansei Jiedu to make The Shogunate of Gao Xianzhi as the chief secretary. Since then, Cen Shan has officially embarked on the road of border plugs.
Maybe some people don't understand, why did Cen Shan let the Beijing officials not do it and wanted to run to the Western Regions to blow the wind? The answer in his poem is:
Ten days after the moraine, the wind will not stop.
The horse walked in the rubble, and all four hooves were bleeding.
Thousands of miles serve the king, and they do not want anything.
He also knows that SaiYuan is bitter, and he is plotting for his wife.
"On the way through Longshan, Judge Cheng Yuwen"
Cen Shan pursues the ideal ambition in his heart, for which he is willing to give up his comfortable life and abandon his wife and children.
On this day, not far from the caravanserai, an emissary came to him. Cen Shan's inquiry revealed that the other party had come from Anxi and wanted to return to Chang'an. He was not a man trapped by the private feelings of his children, but at this moment he was quite emotional. And it is this sentiment that has made a timeless poem:
The road to the east of the old garden is long, and the sleeves of the dragon bell do not dry up.
Immediately meet without paper and pencil, and report peace with the word of the king.
"Every Time to Enter Beijing"
Looking east, the homeland has become farther and farther away, and even if the person is strong on the outside, there will be some worries on the inside. The other day, a friend of mine was transferred to Bole in Xinjiang for work reasons, where he went for at least two years before he could return after the project was over. At that time, his state of mind was probably the same as Cen Shan.
Meet immediately, in a hurry, without too many words, just you can simply report "peace" to my home on my behalf. Wang Changling said: "Luoyang relatives and friends are like asking each other, a piece of ice heart in the jade pot. "Between these two confidants and friends, it can really be said that there is a sharp heart.
At the end of the year, after several months, Cen San finally arrived in Anxi and worked under Gao Xianzhi. At this time, he began to write poems.
Atami iron gate, volcano Herkin square.
The white grass grinds the end of the world, and the lake is sandy.
……
Mengxia is waiting late, and the grass and trees of Huguo are long.
Horses gallop past birds, and the sky is poor beyond the sunset.
Once went to Jiaohe City, the terroir broke people's intestines.
The cold station is as far away as a dot, and the edges are looking at each other.
Akatsuki is full of wind and anger.
Sometimes there is no one to walk, and the sand and gravel flutter wildly.
The night is quiet and depressed, and the ghosts cry and cry.
There are many calvary on the ground, all of which are ancient battlefields.
"Wu Wei sent Judge Liu Shan to an western camp, and he presented gao kaifu"
In addition to counting the scenes of the side plug, Cen Shan also wrote a lot of farewell poems to his friends. One of the most prominent of his ambitions was the one he wrote to Li Mo.
The volcano should be hotter in June, and the Akajeong Road Entrance is deserted.
Knowing that the emperor is accustomed to Qi Liancheng, how can he be sad to see the wheel of the moon.
Take off the saddle and temporarily enter the restaurant, send Jun Wanli Xi to attack Hu.
The name of merit is only taken immediately, it is really a hero and a husband.
"Sending Deputy Envoy Li to the Moraine West Officers' Army"
At this time, because of the war in Anxi, Cen Andan and some colleagues stayed in Liangzhou. Soon, Gao Xianzhi sent a letter ordering him to return to Chang'an to report on the situation. Cen San was going home, but his mood was very sad, he did not want to go at this time, he wanted to be a warrior who went on the field to kill the enemy. However, things were uncertain, and in the autumn of that year, Cen Shan returned to Chang'an.
The second time out of the plug called Shi xiong
Cen Shan's poems are mainly "Qi", and he is called "ShiXiong", probably because the two words Xiongqi often appear together. Of course, the majesty of his poems with side plugs is thrilling to read.
After returning to Chang'an, Cen Shan became acquainted with the previous poet Gao Shi. He also traveled with Du Fu, Wang Wei and others. Together, they ascended the pagoda of Ci'en Temple and left behind many masterpieces. Du Fu also had a trip to Xiangpi at the invitation of Cen Shan. The two developed a deep friendship.
Two years later, Cen Shan once again embarked on a journey to the Fengchang Qing shogunate. Du Fu thought of Cen Shan on the day of chongyang festival and wrote him a poem:
Go out and re-enter, rain feet but as old as ever.
The mud is alive, and the thought is thin.
Cen Sheng has many new poems, and sex is also alcoholic.
Picking gold flowers, why full of sleeves.
Cen Shen likes chrysanthemums, but when he writes chrysanthemums again, it is already "a chrysanthemum in the garden of remote pity, which should be opened on the battlefield" after the Anshi Rebellion. Cen Shan returned to Sai twice, the realm was greatly better than before, written in many classics. Among them is the praised "Walking Ma Chuan XingFeng Sending Feng Dafu out of the Western Expedition":
Jun did not see the horse river walking on the snowy seashore, and the flat sand was reckless and yellow into the sky.
The wind roared in September, and the rubble of a river was as big as a bucket, and it walked with the wind and stones all over the ground.
Xiongnu grass yellow horse is fat, Jinshan West saw smoke and dust flying, Han general Xi out of the division.
The general's golden armor does not take off at night, and in the middle of the night, the army marches against each other, and the limelight is like a knife.
Horse hair with snow sweat steam, five flowers and money swirled into ice, and the grass in the curtain condensed.
The horsemen should be afraid to be afraid, and it is expected that the short soldiers do not dare to pick up, and the coaching master Ximen is dedicated.
Cen Shan's song style is completely self-created, three sentences and one rhyme, frequent changes, but it does not lose its beauty and rhyme. When writing poetry to this point, everything you see in front of you can be included in poetry. Moreover, his poems have high historical value, and if you have not been to the border plug, it is difficult to understand what he sees and thinks.
Feng Changqing fought several victorious battles in Anxi, and the morale of the army was greatly encouraged. Cen Shan wrote a lot of songs and praises, and also said that he "can walk horses recently, not weak and state". After Anxi stabilized, many colleagues returned to Beijing to take up posts, including military judges, Xiao Zhi, Cui Yushi, and Cen San, who wrote farewell poems for them one by one. Among them, "White Snow Song Sends the Military Judge Back to Beijing" has become a household name. And its companion pieces are rarely known.
The snow clouds in the Tianshan Mountains are often not open, and the snow of the Thousand Peaks and Thousands of Ridges is cuifeng.
The north wind swept the Chiting Pass at night, and the snow in the Tianshan Mountains was thicker overnight.
Can also be han moon shining on the silver mountain, re-expelling Hu Feng through the iron pass.
Birds fly on the side of Jiaohe City, and horseshoes are slippery on the road of the wheel platform.
The cold atmosphere of the mist is condensed, and the dry cliffs are full of ice.
The general fox was not warm, and the protective sword was frozen.
It was when the snow fell on the Tianshan Mountains that sent Jun away to return to the Beijing Division.
In the snow, how to give goodbye to the king, only the green pine branches.
"Tianshan Snow Song Sends Xiao Zhi Back to Beijing"
Comparing the two poems, Cen's participation in the military judge seems to be an ordinary colleague relationship. The pen is mostly changed in the weather, touching the emotions of the characters' hearts. In this poem written to Xiao Zhi, he directly confessed: "The road is very slippery, you need to be careful!" ”
At the end, he sighed: "Why in the snow, why give goodbye to the king, only the green pine branches." "There is only one poem given to the military judge, and Xiao Zhi not only gives the poem, but also sends a pine branch." This is not only a symbol of integrity, but also a crutch for him on the road. I have to say that Cen San's thoughts are really thoughtful!
There are few poets in life
After the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Feng Changqing went to defend against the rebels, but was killed by Xuanzong because of his defeat. Although Cen Shan had been an official in Anxi for another year, he was always worried about Zhongyuan and longed to show his grand plans.
In the second year of De (757), Cen Came to Fengxiang and served as a right filler on the recommendation of Du Fu and others. In October of the same year, Chang'an was recaptured, and everyone returned to Chang'an and began to live a normal life. Thus, there is that famous story through the ages.
On this morning, the hundred officials trotted to the upper court with great interest, and Jia Zhi, a member of the Zhongshu She, first composed a poem in order to praise the return of the prosperous world:
Silver candles smoke the sky purple strange long, forbidden city spring color dawn cang.
A thousand weak willows are weeping, and a hundred streaming warblers are full of chapters.
The sound of the sword and the sword followed the jade, and the crown of the robe provoked the incense of the imperial furnace.
Gongmu Enbo Phoenix Pond, Chao Chao Dye Han served the king.
Jia Zhi's "Early Dynasty Daming Palace Presents Two Provincial Friends"
Jia's poems are honestly not bad, and they are standard works of praise and virtue. It's just that from a literary point of view, it is inevitable to fall into the cliché, lose the charm of poetry, and read dry. Everyone praised one after another, and then Wang Weiyin produced a poem "The Work of the Early Ming Palace of the Jiashe People":
The Chicken Man reported the chips, and Shang Yifang entered the Cuiyun Qiu.
Nine days opened the palace, and all the nations were crowned with crowns.
The sun is about to move the cactus, and the cigarettes are ready to float.
The five-color edict must be cut off, and the sound of pei is returned to the head of the phoenix pond.
Wang Wei's work is magnificent, especially the second link, and it can be said that he can no longer think of anything more imposing than this. In this single link, Jia Zhi's work has become bleak. Next, everyone pushed Du Fu. As the ancestor of the Seven Laws, Lao Du naturally came to the last song:
Five nights of leaking sounds to prompt the arrow, the nine spring color drunken peach.
The flag is warm and the dragon and snake move, and the palace wind is slightly high.
Pilgrim cigarettes are full of sleeves, and poems are swirling into pearls.
To know the beauty of the world's palm silk, Ikegami now has a phoenix hair.
Du Fu's "Fenghe Jia Zhishe People Early Dynasty Daming Palace"
Du Fu was a low-key and dignified person who did not like to be touted, but this morning he was in a happy mood, coupled with a modest personality, it was inevitable to praise Jia Zhi's father and son's learning. Can be praised by the poetry saint, Jia Shi yi door in the future unlimited scenery.
Finally, when everyone pushed a master to finish, Cen San appeared.
Chicken singing purple mo dawn cold, warbler Huangzhou spring color.
Jin Que Xiaozhong opened ten thousand households, and the Jade Rank Immortals supported thousands of officials.
The flower greeted the sword and the star first fell, and the willow flag was dewless.
Unique phoenix pool guests, Yang Chun a song and are difficult.
"Fenghe Zhongshu Sheren Jia Zhi Early Dynasty Daming Palace"
This poem is no different from the works of others in terms of content. But it implies the style of Cen Shan. That's odd. This poem is not only strange, but also dangerous. Rhyme feet cold, diaphragm, dry, difficult, are all decaying weather, now Chang'an recovered, the whole country celebrates, to use the decay of rhyme feet to write a festive, which requires the author's skill is extremely high. Cen Shan not only played the battle elegantly, cleverly conceived, and won with odds, but also learned Du Fu's tone to compliment Jia Zhi. Therefore, in later generations, Cen Sanzhi was mostly used as the leader of this poetry meeting.
Classics come from the capture of momentary inspiration. The work of yinghe, even if the author is highly skilled, is still flawed at the same time. The poems of Cen Shan, Du Fu, and Wang Wei are not perfect, but this kind of fairy fighting scene is enough to shine the eyes of future generations.
Cen Shan stayed in Chang'an for seven years, working as a living quartersman and a foreign groom of the shrine ceremonial department. He was later appointed as the Assassin of Jiazhou, but was unable to take office due to the rebellion in Shuzhong. In the first year of the Gregorian calendar (766), Cen Went to The Middle Of Shu to serve as an aide to Du Hongzhi's mansion. At the same time, the imperial court did not cancel his post in Jiazhou. The following year, he went to Jiazhou and lived a life as a magistrate.
He did not stay long in Jiazhou, but soon thought of returning to his hometown, and wrote the "ZhaoBei Kewen" with a similar meaning to "Return to Xi Ci". However, before he could return, he fell ill and died in a foreign country.
Cen Sansan was dead after all. It is difficult for his life to adapt to ordinary and comfortable life. Once freed from the border plug, he became a wingless bird, devoid of spirit and strength. Only by being born in Ansi can he soar passionately and passionately.
-Author-
Kong Yao. Pen name Daiko. Love life, love literature, love poetry. A pure and simple literary and artistic youth; a red fan who is difficult to extricate himself; an ethereal ancient poetry writer!