What are the Eight Monsters of Yangzhou?
It is the general name of a group of calligraphers and painters of similar styles who were active in yangzhou from the middle of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty to the end of the Qianlong Dynasty, and it is often called the "Yangzhou School" in art history. There are different theories in the history of Chinese painting, but today these eight people are recognized: Jin Nong, Zheng Xie (xiè) (xiè), Huang Shen, Li Li (shàn) (shàn), Li Fangyi, Wang Shishen, Luo Ping, and Gao Xiang.
Most of these painters came from poor backgrounds, lived a hard life, were high and wild, and calligraphy and painting often became a medium for expressing their hearts and ambitions and expressing their true feelings. The style of calligraphy and painting of Yangzhou Eight Monsters is different from ordinary people, not conventional, and sometimes pejorative, so it is called "Eight Monsters".
The question is, where are the eight monsters in Yangzhou "strange"?
1. Zheng Xie (xiè): The blame is in the legend
Zheng Xie (xiè) is the famous Zheng Banqiao, Jiangsu Xinghua people, Kangxi Dynasty Xiucai, Yongzheng Dynasty Juren, Qianlong Dynasty Jinshi. He was a Painter and Writer of the Qing Dynasty, who only painted orchids, bamboo and stones in his lifetime, and called himself "the orchid of the four hours, the bamboo of the hundred festivals of evergreen, the stone of undefeated in eternity, and the unchangeable person of thousands of autumns". His poetry, calligraphy and painting, known as the "Three Absolutes", was a representative literati painter of the Qing Dynasty.
Zheng Xie's representative works include "Xiuzhu XinhuangTu", "Qingguang Photography", "Lanzhu FangxinTu", "Gangu chrysanthemum spring map", "Conglan Thorn Diagram", etc., and author of "Zheng Banqiao Collection".
Zheng Xie's paintings are taken from Xu Wei, Shi Tao, and Bada Shanren, and the self-made family method has a sparse physique and a strong style.
Zheng Xie (xiè)
Itabashi's calligraphy, which calls himself the "Six-and-a-Half Book", is extremely elegant and natural, with the glyphs of seals, affiliations, grasses, and letters, which are extremely varied.
2, Gao Xiang: The blame is indifferent
Gao Xiang was a Painter of the Qing Dynasty and one of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou". His landscape paintings are taken from Fa Hongren and Shi Tao, and most of the small landscapes he paints are from sketches, and he is the author of "Western Tang Poetry Banknotes".
Gao Xiang's works
In his later years, Gao Xiang's right hand was crippled and he often painted with his left hand. Li Dou of the Qing Dynasty had this record in the "Yangzhou Painting Record": "Shi Tao died, and the Western Tang Dynasty swept his tomb every spring of the year, until he died." This means that after Shi Tao's death, Gao Xiang went to visit the tomb every spring, and he never broke it until he died.
3, Jinnong: Blame in the talent
Jin Nong, because of his experience in the three dynasties of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong, the idle name of the self-proclaimed "old people of the three dynasties", cloth clothes for life, Qing Dynasty calligrapher and painter, is the first of the eight monsters of Yangzhou.
Jin Nong's work: "Moon Hua Tu"
Jinnong was erudite and talented, began to paint after the age of fifty, and was impoverished all his life. He is good at flowers, birds, landscapes, and characters, and is especially good at Momei, and his works include "Momeitu" and "MoonHuatu". He created a kind of calligraphy style, calling himself a "lacquer book", fine seal carving, identification, good at painting bamboo, plum, kurama, Buddha statues, figures, landscapes.
4. Shàn : Blame is in the life
During the Kangxi Dynasty, Li Kun (shàn) was summoned to the inner court for painting, but was later expelled because he did not want to be bound by the orthodox style of painting. Qianlong was elected to Zhi County, Teng County, Shandong Province, for three years, but was later deposed. After the two ge sections were demoted to an official, they went to Yangzhou to sell paintings for a living.
Li Kun's paintings (shàn) have formed a unique style of sprinkling them at will and melting ink into a strange fun. He likes to make long inscriptions on paintings, and the handwriting is jagged, making the picture very rich, and his works have a great influence on the paintings of flowers and birds in the late Qing Dynasty.
5, Huang Shen: The blame lies in understanding
Huang Shen is good at character freehand, intercropping flowers and birds, landscapes, pen posture is absurd, and the color is bold. He is one of the all-round painters in the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou". His figure paintings are very extensive and rich, it not only paints gods and immortals and historical celebrities, but also excels at drawing materials from folk life and shaping the image of the lower classes such as porters, beggars, hooligans, fishermen, etc., which is very rare among ancient painters.
Huang Shen's figure paintings
Huang Shen's freehand characters created a unique style of cursive writing, bringing a new atmosphere to Qing Dynasty figure painting.
Huang Shen lived in Yangzhou twice, for 17 years, ten miles in Yangzhou, which became his lifelong attachment. His character paintings are the most distinctive, including "Silk Diagram", "Group Beggar Diagram", "Fisherman Diagram" and so on. His poems were collected by fellow villager Lei Hong and compiled into "Jiaohu Poetry Copy".
6, Li Fangbin: The blame is stubborn
Li Fangyi was a Chinese poet painter and official of the Qing Dynasty. Stubborn and indulgent with the pen, informal, vigorous and vigorous, one of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou". There are works such as "Wind and Bamboo Diagram", "Swimming Fish Diagram", "Momei Diagram" and so on. Author of "Plum Blossom Lou Poetry Banknote".
Works by Lee Fang-ing
Li Fang is good at painting pines, bamboo, orchids, chrysanthemums, plums, miscellaneous flowers and insects and fish, and can also paint figures and landscapes, especially fine painting plums. The works are vertical and horizontal, the ink is dripping, the thick head is chaotic, and the ink is not informal, which is intended to be between green vines, white suns and bamboo.
7, Wang Shishen: The blame lies in people
Wang Shishen was a famous painter and calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty, originally from Shexian County, Anhui Province, who lived in Yangzhou to make a living selling paintings. Work flowers, feel free to point pens, clear and colorful. He is especially good at painting plums, and often goes to Meihualing outside Yangzhou to admire and write plums.
Works by Wang Shishen
Wang Shishen was blind in his left eye when he was fifty-four years old, and he could still paint plums. At the age of sixty-seven, his eyes are wide-eyed, but he can still write wild grass characters, sign the heart view, the so-called blind to the eye, not blind to the heart.
8. Luo Ping: The blame lies in the mission
Luo Ping was a Painter of the Qing Dynasty, one of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou", whose ancestors moved to Yangzhou. For Jinnong into the disciple, cloth, good travel.
Characters, Buddha statues, landscapes, flowers and fruits, plums, orchids, bamboo, etc., all work, the tone of the pen is strange, super easy, unique. Good at painting "Ghost Fun Map", painting ghost states are all extremely wonderful, in order to satirize the world.
Luo Ping: "Ghost Fun Map"
Where is the "Yangzhou Eight Monsters"? There have always been different theories, but we may wish to summarize as follows:
The Eight Monsters of Yangzhou have a lot in common, such as: a bumpy life, a unique intention, a technique that does not fall into the ground, a free brush stroke, and a high-standard character.
After reading this article, I wonder if the above can be used as a summary of the characteristics of "Yangzhou Eight Monsters" and "Strange"?
Recent hot articles:
What did an ancient Chinese bronze bell look like?
What are the methods of counterfeiting ancient Chinese paintings and calligraphy?
The international metropolis of the Sui and Tang dynasties - Sui Daxing Tang Chang'an City
In "Creation Hall", we will see the ups and downs of the development of the automobile
The eastern starting point of the Silk Road: Luoyang City of sui and Tang dynasties