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Zheng Banqiao (1693-1765), formerly known as Xie, zi Ke Rou, trumpet Li'an, also known as Banqiao Daoist, Qing Dynasty officials, scholars, calligraphers, painters, but also a poet with a very personality, one of the "Eight Monsters of Yangzhou", its poems, books, paintings are independent, known as "three absolutes", good at painting orchids, bamboo, stone, pine, chrysanthemum, etc., of which painting bamboo is the most prominent. Zheng Banqiao has many painting theories, calligraphy, and inscriptions, including a wealth of literary and artistic aesthetic ideas such as painting and calligraphy. At the same time, he also wrote many family letters to his relatives, and these family letters also contained profound ways of dealing with the world.
"Weixian Sending Shedi Mo"
original:
When mortals read books, they may not be able to develop, but they are not developed, or they can not read. Intention to take the fixed also, the name of the subject does not come, the knowledge is in me, the original is not a folded book of business.
Brother Fool has now developed, people also call Brother Fool a good reader, in the end asked himself how many books he could bear, but he moved the loan, changed and added supplements, and then fished for the name of the world, and lost to the book ear, and the book was also lost to the people!
Once someone asked Shen Jinsi how Shilang was a good way to save the poor, Shen Yue read. Its people think that it is broad, but in fact it is not broad. East to west, time-consuming unemployment, loss of his character, and death to no avail, how to travel to the history of the book, do not seek to gain but to be able to do it in the eyebrows! If you believe this, you will be rich; if you do not believe, you will be poor. It is also in man who has knowledge and determination, and who has forbearance.
Translation:
When a person is studying and studying, he does not know whether he will be able to soar in the future. However, even if you can't soar in the future, you can't not study or study. Once this idea is decided, even if it fails the examination, it has also gained knowledge, which is also a matter of virtue greater than loss, and it is a kind of learning that does not lose money.
As an older brother, the world praises me for being able to read, but ask yourself, how much knowledge do you have in your chest? It is just a matter of taking a little from the middle of the sages, borrowing a little from the west, copying and changing, repairing and repairing, so as to sell fame and reputation, deceive the eyes and ears of the world, so it seems that the reader is sorry for the book, not the book is sorry for the reader.
Someone once asked Shen Jinsi What is the best way to change the face of poverty? Shen Shilang replied, "Read." This person thinks that Shen Shilang is pedantic and inappropriate, but in fact, Shen Shilang is not pedantic. Instead of running around and seeking officials, spending time delaying studies, losing character, and returning with nothing, it is better to travel the years in the history of books, not to seek gains but to get benefits at hand. If you believe in Shen Shilang's words, you will be rich; if you don't believe it, you will be poor for life. The key lies in whether a person has such insight and determination, and can persevere.
Sentiment:
This family letter is Zheng Banqiao's explanation to his cousin Zheng Mo about the benefits of reading, and the angle of the argument is very unique: even if you are not in the middle, you cannot not read. Because "the name of the subject does not come, the knowledge is in me, it is not a folded book." Then take yourself as an example, in fact, there is not much learning, but through reading, the learning of the sages, moved a little east, borrowed a little from the west, copied and changed, repaired and repaired to achieve today. However, even if we can achieve this goal, it is more important to have determination and perseverance.
People say that Itabashi is wild, no one in sight, and he is blind to the first life, but from this letter, he is still very humble and frank in his heart. Of course, the statement of this letter is also to comfort the other party Zheng Mo and give guidance to the twenty-five-year-old cousin who is twenty-five years younger.
Zheng Mo, also spelled Wuqiao, is the only son of Zheng Banqiao's uncle, Mr. Zheng Zhibiao. Zheng Banqiao has no brothers, only this cousin, and the two have a deep affection. At the beginning of the eleventh year of Yongzheng, Zheng Mo's father died of illness, at this time Zheng Banqiao lived in Hailing, preparing for the homework of the second year's entrance examination in Beijing, worried that his cousin was young and could not withstand the hardships and comforted him, composing "Huai She Brother Mo", which mentioned that the two brothers and sisters were affectionate: "I have no brothers, only two people in the same church." Isn't the father and uncle different? ”
Zheng Mo is a man of great diligence and diligence, and seems to be inferior to Zheng Banqiao's clever jett, so he has repeatedly failed to succeed. Zheng Banqiao also saw that the younger brother was not the same kind of talent as himself, and once wrote in the poem: "The old brother seems to be talented, and the bitterness is not subject to the rope ruler; the wise brother seems to be short, and he follows the humble benefits... Looking forward to the wise brother, the old brother is too pompous. "He is not encouraged by the economy of his career and the security of the country, but emphasizes that he should stand up for himself and maintain his family, and place high hopes on the prosperity of the family."
This letter talks about the purpose and role of reading, which is also intended here. When Zheng Banqiao was in Fan County and Wei County, Shandong Province, Zheng Mo supported his family with his bare hands, took up a house, bought land, taught his nephew, did everything in detail, and worked hard to manage it, which not only showed Zheng Mo's ability to govern his parents, but also showed the spirit of self-sacrifice of fully supporting his brother's cause.
"Weixian Bureau zhongzhong and shedi mo"
original:
Yu fifty-two years old began to have a son, how can there be no reason not to love! But love must be in its way, although playful and stubborn, make sure to be loyal and compassionate, and do not be anxious.
I don't like to raise birds in cages the most in my life, I want to entertain him, he is in prison, what is the reason, and the nature of the thing that must be bent is suitable for me! As for the hairline dragonfly, the thread tied to the crab, for the child's stubbornness, but for a moment it folded and died. The creatures of heaven and earth, the cultivation of labor, an ant and an insect, are all derived from the marriage of the five elements of yin and yang. Heaven is also beloved. And the nature of all things is precious, and my generation cannot understand the heart of heaven, so what will all things be entrusted to?
Snakes and centipedes, jackas, wolves, tigers and leopards, the most poisonous insects, but the heavens are born, why should I kill them? If he wants to kill everything, why should the heavens and the earth be born? But only drive away, avoid it so that it does not harm each other. Spider webs, what is the crime of man, or its night curse, makes the wall fall over, and kills everything. What scripture and scripture did such a speech come from, and the fate of this remnant was taken? Huh?
I am not at home, and your son is under your control. It is necessary to cultivate his loyalty, to drive out his cruelty, and not to think of judas and to indulge in pity. Family members and children are always ordinary people in heaven and earth, and when they are generally cherished, they must not let Wu'er abuse him. Where the fish and fruit cakes are scattered, everyone jumps happily. If my son sits and eats good things, so that his family members can stand far away, they must not touch their lips and teeth; and their parents see and pity them, and have nothing to do, and call them away, will they not cut their hearts and cut their flesh!
In the reading of the husband, he should be a mid-level officer, this is a trivial matter, and the first thing is to be a good person. This book may be read to Guo and Rao, so that the two women know that the way of the beloved Son is not here.
Translation:
I only had a son when I was fifty-two years old, and there is no reason not to love him! But the Beloved Son must have a principle. Even if he is usually playful, we must pay attention to cultivating him to be loyal and compassionate, and not to make him a mean and impatient person.
I don't like to keep birds in cages the most in my life, I covet pleasure, it's in a cage, what's reasonable, to make it yield to suit my temperament. About tying a dragonfly with its hair, tying a crab with a thread, and using it as a toy for a child, it died in less than a moment of pulling. Born with all things, parents raise their children very hard, an ant, a bug, are continuous, multiplying and born. Heaven is also in love. However, man is the most precious of all things, and our generation cannot even understand the intentions of Heaven, so how will all things be entrusted to us? Venomous snakes, centipedes, wolves, tigers and leopards, are the most poisonous, but Heaven has given birth to them, why should I kill them? If it must be exterminated, why should the heavens be born? Just drive them away and let them not hurt each other. Spiders weave webs, what does it have to do with people, some people say that it curses the moon at night, let the wall fall, so the hunt is over. Which classic did these statements come from, and therefore used as a basis for the mutilation of the lives of living beings, is this okay? May I?
I am not at home, and my son is under your control. It is necessary to increase his faithful disposition, to drive out his cruel disposition, and not to indulge him as my son. The children of servants, who are the same people as heaven and earth, should be cherished as much, and must not let my sons bully and abuse them. All fish, meat, fruit snacks and other food should be distributed equally, so that everyone is happy. If the good things are eaten only by my son, and if the servant's children are left to watch from a distance and not taste at all, their parents will pity them when they see them, and there is no way. Wouldn't it be a sight to call them away?
Reading books and even being an official are small things, and the most important thing is to let them understand things and be a good person. You can read this letter to your two sisters-in-law so that they will understand that the truth of loving children lies in being a man, not an official.
Sentiment:
This is part of Zheng Banqiao's family letter to his cousin Zheng Mo during his tenure in Weixian Zhixian County, mainly talking about how parents educate their children. There are three main aspects of his godson's thought:
First, children should naturally play and play, but they should understand the truth of being a person, should be loyal and generous, have sincere feelings, and cannot be mean and impatient. Itabashi cited the example of catching dragonflies and crabs, pointing out that this is not cherishing life.
Second, as a parent, we must cultivate our children to be equal to others. It is pointed out that the children of servants are the same people as the heavens and the earth, and they must be cherished as much, and they must not let the children bully and abuse them.
Third, let children understand things and be a good person, which is the most important thing in cultivating children, as for reading and even becoming an official, it is a small matter. He not only wanted Zheng Mo to understand this, but also asked him to read the letter to his two sisters-in-law so that they would also understand this truth.
END