This is the 281st original article of Shi Shuoxing
In other words, Jin Wen openly created a century-old hegemony of the Jin Dynasty. However, after the death of Duke Wen of Jin, King Zhuang of Chu was born out of nowhere, went north to dominate the Central Plains, and fought a second main battle with him, the Battle of Wu. After this battle, King Zhuang of Chu firmly sat on the throne of the Central Plains, completely overpowering the Jin State.
In the eighth year of King Ding of Zhou (599 BC), the Duke of Jinjing ascended the throne, with Xun Lin's father as his secretary and in charge of state power. When the Chu army besieged ZhengDu, The Duke of Jin jing sent Xun Lin's father to lead the main force of the Jin army to the south to aid Zheng. When they reached the north bank of the Yellow River, they learned that Zheng had been defeated and surrendered, and the Chu army had been stationed near the south bank of the Yellow River, and the Chinese marshal Xun Lin father summoned the generals to study future actions.
At the meeting, there were two opposing propositions of main battle and main retreat. Xun Lin's father believed that the purpose of the army was to aid Zheng, and now that Zheng had surrendered, the time to aid Zheng had passed, and he should wait for the Chu army to return to China to cut down Zheng, so that he could avoid a decisive battle with Chu and still restore control of Zheng. The upper and lower military generals Hao Ke and Luan Shu agreed with the commander-in-chief's opinion, but the Chinese general Xianyu resolutely opposed it, believing that it was not the husband's doing to retreat from the army after hearing the strong enemy, and I could not do it if you did this. He even led his troops to cross the river south without authorization.
Xun Shou, the grand master of the lower army, thought that it would be very dangerous for Xian yu to march alone, but the consequences should be borne by himself. Sima Hanyu believed that if the marshal was annihilated, the marshal would be guilty of a great crime; his unauthorized actions should also be managed by the marshal and bear certain responsibilities. Therefore, the whole army should cross the river, so that even if the battle is lost, six people (the six secretaries leading the army) should share the responsibility, and the commander cannot be left alone. Xun Lin's father then ordered his entire army to cross the Yellow River from Hengyong (present-day southwest of Former Wu, Henan) and enter the area of Yingdi (邲地, in present-day northeastern Xingyang, Henan) to garrison Tun.
When the Chu army stationed in Xidi learned that the Jin reinforcements had crossed the Yellow River, both king Zhuang of Chu and the commander Sun Shu'ao retreated south with the policy of trying not to fight the main force of Jin as much as possible. King Zhuang's confidant Wu Shanli advocated a decisive battle with the Jin, and he analyzed the situation of the Jin army and said: Xun Lin's father was the new marshal of the Chinese army, his subordinates did not obey, the orders were not good, his general Xianyu was also self-conscious, and he was so disuned internally that he would be able to win the decisive battle with him. King Zhuang thought twice, and finally adopted his advice, stopped retreating, and garrisoned at Yuguan (in present-day Zhengzhou, Henan) to prepare for battle.
Zheng Guo was between the two great powers, and was eager to see a decisive battle between Jin and Chu, so as to choose their opposite direction according to the victory and defeat of both sides, so as to end the painful situation of being attacked by both sides every year and paying tribute to both sides every year, so he provoked from it and sent an envoy to report to the Jin army: "Zheng Zhi is from Chu, Sheji is also the same, there is no heart, the Chu division is suddenly victorious and proud, and its division is old (tired) and not equipped. Zi struck, Zheng Shi was cheng (successor), and Chu shi would be defeated. "Within the Jin army, there was still a lot of debate between the two factions and the two factions.
At this time, the king of Chu sent envoys to Jin to ask for peace, and Xun Lin's father did not want to fight and agreed to reconcile with Chu. However, the main battle faction was still not satisfied, and Zhao Xu and others deliberately provoked war. He took advantage of the fact that the Chu army agreed on the date of the alliance, stopped outside the Chu army gate at night, so that the subordinates of the retinue broke into the Chu camp, and the King of Chu Zhuang led his troops to pursue Zhao Xu, and the Jin army came out to meet Zhao Xu. The Chu army thought that the Jin army was attacking, so it launched an offensive, and the "car galloped" to rush to the Jin army. The Jin army was undecided due to peace and war, and except for the upper army, which was prepared for war, the middle and lower armies were unprepared. When The Chinese marshal Xun Lin saw the Chu army rushing in, he "did not know what to do" and beat a drum and shouted that "those who have been the first to help are rewarded." In this way, the Jinzhong and Xia armies were defeated and crossed the Yellow River to compete for ferries, with great casualties. It took no time to cross the Yellow River. The Chu army advanced to Shao and did not pursue it again.
The Battle of Wu was the second main battle between Jin and Chu since the Jin-Chu struggle for hegemony. The main reason for the defeat of the Jin army was the discord between the generals and commanders, the lack of authority of the commanders, the inability to centralize and unify the command, and the forced passive response for the subordinates. Not only was the whole army forced to cross the river for the sake of a general's unauthorized crossing, but also for the unauthorized challenge of individual generals, resulting in unplanned and unorganized battles, giving the Chu army an opportunity to take advantage of. When the peace talks were not yet successful, that is, they relaxed their combat readiness, panicked when the Chu army attacked, and rashly ordered to cross the river and retreat, and fell into a dangerous situation, and without any cover measures and without order, they scrambled for boats to cross, and failure became inevitable.
The Defeated Jin army later received a request for help from the State of Song, and did not dare to send troops to fight against Chu. By this time, the three major states in the Central Plains (Zheng, Chen, and Song) had all surrendered to the Chu state, and the Jin state had lost its hegemonic position!
How do you see the Battle of Pong
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