Liu Bang wrote 2 poems in his lifetime, 1 of which is well-known and 1 of which is little known, all of which were selected for Chinese textbooks
The mention of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, can be said to be known to everyone in the folk, and his legendary story is also what people relish after tea and dinner. He went from a leper to the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, reading little and looking down on cultural people, but he wrote two well-known poems, which were broken in atmosphere and lofty in conception, and were selected as middle school students' language textbooks.
Liu Bang was the first person in Chinese history to ascend to the emperor's throne as a commoner, and for one reason, he said in his self-summary: "In the midst of the master's planning, the decisive victory is thousands of miles away, I am not as good as the son house; the town state, the care of the people, the feeding of the people, the endless grain road, I am not as good as Xiao He; even a million troops, the battle will be won, the attack must be won, I am not as good as Han Xin." These three people are all masters, I can use them, so I take the world. ”
Ban Gu also said more incisively when summarizing the reasons for Liu Bang's success: "In the beginning, Gao Zu did not cultivate literature, but was intelligent, scheming, able to listen, self-supervising and guarding, and seeing as before. "Knowing people and making good use of them," "being able to listen," and "being able to follow the hearts of the people" were the most important conditions for Liu Bang to seize the world.
As many scholars recognize, the success of a great man often lies not in his knowledge, but in his mind.
Although Liu Bang "did not cultivate literature", he was able to achieve great things, and his mind was not comparable to that of ordinary people. This can also be seen in Liu Bang's two poems.
According to the time of writing, the first poem" "Song of the Great Wind" is more widely known, and many people can recite it.
Song of the Great Wind
The winds are blowing. Wei Jia Hai Nei returned to his hometown. Anderson is on all sides!
In 202 BC, Liu Bang held an enthronement ceremony in Dingtao, Shandong, and established the Han Dynasty. In the early days of his reign, Liu Bang had to divide up many princes with different surnames for the purpose of consolidating his power, and Yingbu, the king of Huainan, was one of these princes with different surnames. After Liu Bang sat firmly in Jiangshan, he began to eradicate these foreign kings. King Yingbu of Huainan was very uneasy when he saw that Han Xin, Peng Yue, and other kings with different surnames were killed by Liu Bang one by one, and finally rebelled in 196 BC. Upon hearing the news, Liu Bang personally led his troops to quell the rebellion, and soon defeated Yingbu to quell the rebellion.
In 195 BC, Liu Bang, who had been emperor for seven years, was already 61 years old, and it was also this year that he put down the rebellion of Yingbu and invited his father and elders to drink when he passed through his hometown. During the banquet, Liu Bang struck a high song and made this "Song of the Great Wind".
"The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying". Li Shan, a scholar of the Tang Dynasty, explained the poem: "The wind rises and the clouds fly, to illustrate the competition of the masses, and the world is chaotic." "There's some truth to that. The difference is that compared to those who chased deer at the end of the Qin Dynasty, at this time, no matter how strong the wind was, it was not enough to sweep away the splendid rivers and mountains of the Han Dynasty. Liu Ji, a small who originally defaulted on the money for liquor in the liquor store, has also been in Weijiahai, infinitely honorable. With this glory, but also with the joy of just triumph, how heroic is it to dance?
"Wei Jia Hai Nei Returned home". However, who knows what kind of difficulties and complexities exist in this "Vega Sea" nobility? Think of the helplessness of cutting off the white snake and rising up Pei County, the humility when joining the camp of King Huai, the joy when he first entered Xianyang, the fear at the Feast at the Hongmen Gate, and the determination to fight for life and death under the curtain, these are all difficult for ordinary people to understand. After many tribulations, this "Pifu" who originated from Que Mo took seven years to complete the role transformation from a commoner to an emperor, not only that, no one could offend or even touch his honor, even the princes he himself had divided! Now he returned to his hometown with this inoffensive and strong wind, "the return of the pirate to the hometown has become a nobleman", at this time, Yingbu's rebellion has become just a footnote. At this time, Liu Bang should be happy, but in this song, after singing the glory of his hometown, he suddenly turned his words and asked a question: "Where to find a warrior to help me guard this endless frontier?" ”
"Anderson guards the four sides". At this point, we truly understand the true heart of this "rogue emperor" who seems to be heroic and casually "scolds the princes and princes like slaves, not with upper and lower etiquette". The "rough-natured" emperor hid deep fear and sorrow beneath his excited, hesitant appearance. I think that back then, Han Xin, Yingbu and others who "must win the battle and conquer the country" were born and died for him and seized the Jiangshan, but now it is he himself who has cut these founding ministers one by one. People say that "keeping the job is more difficult than starting a business", there are so many generals in the entrepreneurial period, where do the talents when they keep their jobs come from? Thinking of this, this sixty-year-old man could not help but "be generous and sad, and cry for a few lines." In Liu Bang's poems, there is half of the pride and prestige, and at the same time there is the other half of loneliness and worry.
Liu Bang's "Song of the Great Wind" is undoubtedly a masterpiece in the history of poetry. It can not only rival the deep majesty of Qin and Han poetry, but also rival the deep affection of Tang and Song poems, and it is no wonder that it will be included in the chinese textbooks of middle school students.
In addition to writing this widely praised "Song of the Great Wind", Liu Bang also has a classic, but not many people know it. The title of the poem is "The Song of the Birds":
"The bird flies high and goes a thousand miles in one fell swoop." Wings are in place, across the world.
Across the sea, but why not! Although there is a stake, it is still safe to give! ”
Regarding the background of the writing of this poem, it is recorded in the "History of the Liuhou Family": Liu Bang believed that the crown prince Liu Ying, who was born to his wife Lü Hou, was too cowardly and incompetent, and wanted to depose the prince, and set up another son of Lady Qi, King Ruyi of Zhao. This was desperately opposed by Lü Hou, and not only that, but also the ministers opposed it. The strategist Zhang Liang came up with an idea and found Shangshan Sihao, who was very famous at that time, to assist the crown prince Liu Ying.
After Liu Bang ascended to the throne, when he saw Shangshan Sihao behind the prince, he already understood everything. He returned to the palace to see Lady Qi, sighed and said: I can't move the prince, with the help of Shangshan Sihao, his wings are plump, and he can't move him. When Madame Qi thought about Lü Hou's strength and the future of herself and her son, she couldn't help but feel sad and sobbed. Liu Bang said with relief: You dance a dance, I will give a song, so I wrote this poem, although the poem is short, it expresses complex feelings.
"The bird flies high, thousands of miles in one fell swoop", the swan flies thousands of miles in the high sky. "Honghu" is a swan, which refers to the princes Liu Ying and Lü Hou.
"Wings are in place, across the sea", his feathers are full, the foundation is strong, and he can rule the world.
"Across the seas, when you can do anything", he has a solid foundation and the ability to rule the world, no one can help him.
"Although there is a stick to pay, Shang'an gives", "矰" is a short arrow, "pay" is a silk rope tied to the arrow, which is convenient for recovering prey, and "stick" and "pay" are all tools for catching birds. The meaning of this sentence is that even if you have various methods, you can't use it! Implication: I thought of many ways to abolish the prince, but I couldn't use it.
Liu Bang, worried about the fate of his concubine and son, had no choice but to write this equally well-known song that was also selected for chinese textbooks.
Although Liu Bang came from a humble background and did not understand poetry books, his two poems were sent by a generation of Haojie with feelings, sincere feelings, and full of touching artistic power. Liu Xun, the author of "Wenxin Carved Dragon", commented: "The songs of Gao zu's "Gale" and "Honghu" are also the heroic works of Tianzhong. This means that Liu Bang's two poems, "Gale" and "Hong hu", are written in a frank and authentic way, and are good works of pure nature.
I don't know what everyone thinks of these two poems of Liu Bang?