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Since ancient times, the red face has a lot of thin lives, people are tortured, and non-human encounters, the most tragic death in Chinese history is Lady Qi. The tragic end of Lady Qi not only stems from the harem competition for favors, but also from the dispute between the princes.
Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gaozu, had eight sons, among which Liu Ying, who was born to Empress Lü, was made crown prince at the age of 6 because she was the eldest son of a concubine, and Liu Bang was made empress dowager, and Liu Ying was renamed crown prince. However, Liu Yingsheng was benevolent and weak, his talent was mediocre, and he did not have the imperial demeanor, so Liu Bang was not satisfied with the prince he had created.
Later, Liu Bang's favorite Lady Qi also gave birth to a son, because she was very popular with Liu Bang, so she named liu Ruyi. Contrary to his brother Liu Ying, Liu Ruyi was talented and talented, like Liu Bang, so Liu Bang became increasingly partial to Liu Ruyi and became more and more unaccustomed to Liu Ying.
Lady Qi was pampered and proud, not only coveting the position of empress, but also coveting the position of prince for a long time. Lady Qi often blew pillow wind to Liu Bang and encouraged him to depose Liu Ying's crown prince and establish Liu Ruyi instead. Over time, Liu Bang also had the idea of abolishing the long and young.
What is certain is that Liu Bang was very determined to abolish Liu Ying and establish Liu Ruyi instead, which is an indisputable fact that can be verified in history.
So, why did Nippon finally dispel this idea?
For this problem, Sima Qian once gave a clear explanation in the "Records of History", which is briefly described as follows:
After Liu Bang expressed his intention to abolish Chang Li and be young, it was naturally Lü Hou who reacted first. In order to keep his son Liu Ying's position as crown prince, Lü Hou sent his brother Lü Shi the Marquis of Jiancheng to find Zhang Liang, hoping that Zhang Liang would come forward to dissuade Liu Bang. Although Zhang Liang did not personally go out on the horse, he helped Lü Hou think of a plan, that is, to ask "Shangshan Sihao" to come out of the mountain to help.
The "Shangshan Sihao" are the four doctors who believed in Huang Laozhizhi during the reign of Qin Shi Huang, namely Tang Bing, Duke Of Dongyuan, Cui Guang, Duke of Xia Huang, Wu Shi of Qiliji, and Zhou Shu of Li (lù). After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, the four old men did not care about the world and lived in seclusion in Shangshan (in present-day Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province), so they were called "Shangshan Sihao".
Liu Bang had long heard of the great name of "Shangshan Sihao" and repeatedly invited them to go out to the mountains to become officials and assist the Great Han, but they were all turned away, and Liu Bang had never even seen the true face of "Shangshan Sihao", and he had always felt deep regret in his heart.
Zhang Liang's suggestion this time was to ask Liu Ying to write a heartfelt letter to the "Shangshan Sihao", imploring them to go out of the mountain to help keep the position of prince. Lü Hou and Liu Ying acted according to the plan, and sure enough, as Zhang Liang expected, the "Shangshan Sihao" actually agreed.
Once, Liu Bang and Liu Ying went to a banquet together, he saw that Liu Ying was followed by four crane-haired and childlike old people, all over 80 years old, and when he inquired, he knew that these four old people were the legendary "Shangshan Sihao". Liu Bang couldn't help but be shocked.
The talent he had been asking for for many years was now willing to assist the crown prince Liu Ying, and Liu Bang was puzzled, so he asked the reason for "Shangshan Sihao". The four elders stepped forward and replied, "Your Majesty has always despised the high priests, and the ministers and others are not willing to humiliate themselves." But the prince was kind and generous, and the corporal was courteous, so the courtiers and others came voluntarily. Liu Bang sighed when he heard this, and finally he could only say to "Shangshan Sihao": "Then you will have to assist the prince in the future." ”
After the banquet, Liu Bang said to Lady Qi, "The prince has these four people to assist, and it is difficult for me to move him." When Madame Qi heard that the general trend had gone, she couldn't help but cry. Liu Bang let Lady Qi dance with him, and he improvised songs about the prince's affairs:
"The bird flies high and goes a thousand miles in one fell swoop." Wings are in place, across the world. Across the sea, what can you do! Although it is paid, it is still safe to give! ”
This is what the "Records of History" says, to the effect that Liu Ying, because of the support of "Shangshan Sihao", has full wings, and even Liu Bang can't move him.
This statement is very story-telling and wonderful, but it is difficult to convince. How could "Shangshan Sihao", who only played for two or three minutes, have such great power? With Liu Bang's style of conduct, if you are really jealous of the "Shangshan Sihao", you can completely kill them to avoid the consequences.
Sima Guang, a famous historian of the Northern Song Dynasty, also clearly questioned Sima Qian's statement, for Liu Bang's abandonment of the replacement of the prince, he had another explanation in the "Zizhi Tongjian", the author roughly agrees, with a little personal analysis, the explanation is as follows, for the reader's reference only, if there is any inappropriate, welcome criticism and correction.
Since ancient times, China has said that "the prince is the foundation of the country", and the abolition of the prince is a major event in the dynasty, and Liu Bang's final decision must be the result of careful consideration. Ever since Liu Bang moved the heart of deposing the prince, the opposition from both the government and the public has been incessant. In addition, almost all of the important ministers in the DPRK also sided with Liu Bang, including Zhang Liang, Zhou Chang, Shusun Tong, and other pillars of the state.
For opponents, Liu Bang could kill people and establish his power, but the problem was that almost everyone inside and outside the imperial court was a supporter of Liu Ying, the crown prince, and just as the so-called "law does not blame the public", Liu Bang could not kill everyone.
Judging from the situation at that time, Liu Ying's support was supported by the entire government and the public, while Liu Ruyi's supporters were only Lady Qi and Liu Bang. Lü Hou's power was powerful, and Lady Qi only relied on Liu Bang's favor, and after a hundred years of Liu Bang, Lady Qi even lost this only reliance, and Liu Ruyi could not sit on the throne even if she successfully ascended the throne, and she would be killed at that time. In fact, Liu Bang changed the original intention of deposing the prince, and also wanted to save the lives of Lady Qi and Liu Ruyi, but unfortunately he underestimated Lü Hou's fierceness after all.
Liu Bang saw through all this, so he could only dispel the idea of deposing the prince, he was afraid not of "Shangshan Sihao", but "outnumbered", after all, liu Ying, the eldest son of the concubine, was the candidate for the crown prince that the people wanted.
Resources:
"History", "Zizhi Tongjian"