The frightening phenomenon of the third grade can actually be seen before school!

Text | Rice grain mother

As a mother who has already experienced "third grade" and entered the upper grade, I often share my guide to avoiding the "third grade landslide" with parents in lower grades and even preschool

"Third grade" is like a "curse", when it does not come, I am afraid that it will come, if it really comes, you will find that children and children are really different, some are completely coping with it, but the more they learn, the easier it is, and some children, like being beaten "a stuffy stick", the more they learn, the harder they get, and they don't know what the problem is.

What's more frightening is that many children are not "left behind", "slippery", "unable to keep up" and "struggling to study" in the third grade, parents hold a fluke mentality, thinking that they have "cleared the pass", but in fact, various problems in learning are still accumulating and expanding, and when the fifth or sixth grade or junior high school breaks out intensively, it is quite difficult to remedy it at that time.

The most obvious of the "third-grade phenomenon" is mathematics.

In the first and second grades, flipping through the textbooks, most parents will think: this is too simple, the baby mastered it before school.

But is it really "mastered"?

After the new course standard, whether it is Chinese, mathematics, English... All subjects not only assess "dead" knowledge points, but also focus on practical and application.

Many parents of children around Mi Li Ma who have gone to junior high school have mentioned that the exam is becoming more and more "lively", and all kinds of twists and turns are by no means something that can be done by a large number of brush questions.

Therefore, it is not that you can do addition and subtraction within 100, you can memorize the multiplication recipe, even if you "learn in advance", you can open and hang all the way to elementary school.

What we really want to improve is the child's mathematical thinking, put the knowledge learned into life to apply, the underlying logic is straightened out is like opening up the "two veins of Ren Du", no matter what grade later, no matter how complicated and difficult the content is, don't worry too much.

To give a simple example, Beijing Normal University version of mathematics, the first grade (upper) taught to understand clocks.

But looking at the dial, can you tell what time it is, even if you know the time? In addition to being able to read the dial, it is actually more important for children to understand the concept of time.

You see, the following one is not an extracurricular exercise book, or the "practice" in the textbook.

To solve this problem, the prerequisite is to have a concept of the sequence of time.

The sixth year of elementary school mathematics is, to put it bluntly, numbers and shapes (numbers and operations, quantity relations, graphics and geometry), statistics and probability (data classification, collection, collation, analysis, and sampling).

Why do you have to pay attention to mathematics in your life before the age of 8? In fact, it is to let children develop the thinking of using mathematics to solve problems.

Today, the rice mother will tell you well, how to cultivate mathematical thinking in life? (Better than brushing 100 sets of workbooks)

One, ten, hundred, thousand, thousand

Addition and subtraction within 10, how can the child break his fingers, but what if it is two-digit, three-digit, four-digit? If you don't understand the concept and only calculate according to the "rules" taught by adults, then you will be greeted by a large rollover scene.

For example, 1000 + 1000, some children are equal to 10001000, some are equal to 11000000, some are equal to 11000, some are equal to 2000000, how simple the question is, how outrageous it is

Parents also wonder, I have taught you eight hundred times, why not it. In fact, the reason is very simple, not stupid, we don't have to doubt life, that is, the most basic concepts are not understood.

For example, we can take our children to count wooden sticks at home, and tie every ten with leather bands, which is a bundle, one bundle represents 10, and every 10 bundles are put in a pile, which represents 100.

In life, everything can be counted, if there is no small wooden stick at home, count the ultraman cards of the baby, foodies can also count nuts, count jelly beans, there are coins, if not, mix a few decks of playing cards and count, nothing, count red beans, count black beans.

Not to practice counting. Be sure to divide 10 into a pile, so that children can see and feel, 33 is "3 piles of 10 + 3 1s", 78 is "7 piles of 10 + 8 1s".

Only when the concept is understood will there be no such calculation error

Some mothers will definitely say, counting beans, at most, it will be counted to hundreds of digits, how to understand the thousands, tens of thousands?

Then rely on counters or drawings to see at a glance.

In fact, one, ten, and a hundred are well understood, and then learn thousands and thousands, and it will be a natural fit.

(▲ This is one of the math picture books "Math Help", which tells that Jim wants to collect 10,000 snack wrappers to exchange for summer camp activities, there are too many wrappers, it is not easy to organize, so every 10 sheets are clamped together, a pile is 10, save enough 10, put it in a shopping brown paper bag, a bag is 100, 10 shopping bags are 1000, put it in a large garbage bag, and finally save enough 10 garbage bags, which is 10,000. It is very easy to count clearly while saving and organizing with this method, and you can teach this method to your children. ）

In addition, there are hundreds of boards at home, so you can take your children to play more.

It doesn't matter if you don't have it, you can use an excel sheet to design it and play cross-cutting puzzles with your child.

The concept of multiplication, fraction

Preschool children can introduce the concepts of multiplication and fractions, but they do not need to brush up on problems, but use them more in life.

For example, multiplication, children who often play Lego, parents can use NXN to refer to specific Lego pieces.

You can also line up children's toys, line up in a 3X4 formation, or a 3X5 formation, toy owners can also be 6X8, 7X9, how much is not limited, let the child observe, why 3X4=4X3, why 6X8=6X2+6X6=6X3+6X5=6X4+6X4=6X4X2, these not only need to use the brain, but also need the child's eyes, hands, in order to understand better.

At least draw a picture

For example, divide pizza, divide apples, ask the baby to eat 1/2, 1/3, or 1/4, and so on the concept of 1/N is familiar, you can continue, 2/5, 4/7...

You can also learn points with Lego

Know clocks and watches, have a concept of time

As Mi Li mother said earlier, I have a knowledge of clocks in the first grade of elementary school mathematics, so the concept of time also needs to penetrate in advance.

To understand clocks, start by looking at the hour, half o'clock. While recognizing clocks, it is also necessary to help children understand the concept of "time sequence". In fact, it is not difficult to recognize clocks, but the latter is difficult.

You can often review with your child at each time of the day, what they are usually doing, such as going out to kindergarten at 7:30 in the morning, starting breakfast in kindergarten at 8 o'clock, playing time at 9 o'clock, doing exercises at 10 o'clock, eating extra meals at 10:30... School ends at 5 p.m.

Then compare the morning and evening, for example, you arrived at kindergarten at 7:40 a.m., and your good friend XXX arrived 10 minutes earlier than you, so what time did she arrive? Your good friend arrives 30 minutes after breakfast starts, so what time do you start?

(▲These are the contents of elementary school textbooks)

In this way, how much earlier than XX, how much later than XX, how many minutes (hours) before XX, how many minutes (hours) after XX, are all familiar, and you have a more comprehensive understanding of time.

Again, how long is 10 minutes, what can be done in 30 minutes, and how long is 1 hour? These are also the basis of children's time management. Use things that children are familiar with as references, such as watching two episodes of Peppa Pig in 10 minutes, walking from home to kindergarten in 15 minutes, and reading a book of "Magic School Bus" in 20 minutes, so that they understand better.

Learn about RMB and learn to shop

Many people think that it is useless to know the RMB, especially now that they are mobile phone payment, only "insufficient balance", there is no "change", but "spending money" can occupy a certain amount of space in the mathematics of the lower grades, don't ignore it.

Two years ago, the children of my best friends, about four or five, five or six years old, I would give a small red envelope, which was one denomination of all RMB banknotes, 100 yuan, 50 yuan, 20 yuan, 10 yuan, 5 yuan, 1 yuan, the coins were not put haha, mainly to let the girlfriends take the baby to know the money.

Usually you can take your children to the supermarket to shop, the price is clearly marked, you can give your child a certain amount of pocket money every week, or give your child a one-time shopping on the weekend, such as 30 yuan? 50 yuan? Let them buy their own favorite things, such as snacks, yogurt or stickers, etc., provided that they control their budget and do not overspend, so that they slowly learn how to calculate money.

These are the exercises in the textbook, let's just say, how flexible is the examination of children's knowledge mastery now?!

Draw a chart

In fact, "statistics" is a particularly practical skill, which can be used everywhere in life, and even less in our work, but many parents do not have the awareness to let their children draw statistical charts.

(▲ This book is also in "Math Helps")

Before learning statistics, first learn to classify, such as spring, take the baby to the park to enjoy the flowers, you can collect the petals that fall on the ground, and after collecting, either by size or by color.

You can also let the baby help sort out the refrigerator, after vegetables and fruits are sorted into categories, count the number, such as how many eggplants, how many tomatoes, how many cucumbers... Register the quantity, draw a statistical chart, which vegetables and fruits are more, which vegetables and fruits are less, at a glance, it is not easy to save as soon as possible, the large quantity should be eaten frequently, and the less should not forget to eat, so that children can experience the usefulness and fun of "statistics".

Including sorting out toys can also draw statistical charts, after drawing, find that there are too many toys, then you can buy less after that, isn't it more convincing?

Flat graphics and solid geometry

Finally, let's talk about flat graphics and solid geometry.

On the one hand, children can be guided to look for more graphics in life, and then observe their characteristics.

In addition, play with toys, in addition to tangrams, there are also tangrams, tangrams, tangrams, there are no at home, you can also go to the Internet to search for ready-made pictures, print them, cut them out, and take the children to fight together.

Paper cutting is also particularly fun, which can help children understand the concept of symmetry, and after becoming proficient, they can also cut all kinds of window flowers.

In addition, the concepts of circumference and area can be learned from the game.

Compared to the circumference, the rice grain mother feels that the concept of area is indeed not easy to understand.

In the math picture book "Hello! There is a book in Mathematics about a hunchbacked grandmother and a tiger competing to grow beans to see who grows a larger area.

The little rabbit's judgment method is to measure with grandma's turban, that is, take the turban as a unit, and look at the land where grandma and tiger grow beans, which are the size of several turbans.

(▲ Math picture book "Hello! Mathematics")

(▲Mathematical picture book "Vivid Geometry")

Quietly tell you that when Migrain was a child, I used Lego to help him understand the concept of circumference and area, and the effect was not generally good.

One of the great advantages of LEGO is the "own unit", each raised small circle is a fixed unit, calculate the circumference, just count the number of circles along the extension, calculate the area, count the number of all circles.

As for the three-dimensional geometry, it is better to do, the universal magnetic sheet to play, prism, pyramid, what you want to spell, but also extend the plane expansion of the three-dimensional figure.

(▲Mathematical picture book "Vivid Geometry")

Spell a triangular pyramid

Unfold around different points and you'll find that it can unfold into a completely different floor plan

Try quadrangular pyramid again

When unfolded, several floor plans are completely different

Math picture books mentioned earlier, Mi grain mother also want to say by the way, before I wrote "When all mothers are hoarding vegetables, Xueba's mother silently hoarded these...", giving you Amway a lot of interesting and practical math picture books and math books, which can help children understand abstract mathematical concepts and mathematical symbols in the story, which can be said to be a booster of mathematical thinking.

Finally, Mi Li Ma wants to say that mathematical thinking is not cultivated out of thin air, the most important thing is to see, think and apply more in life

Before the age of 8, the baby emphasizes practice, thinking, brushing problems, and when she reaches the upper grade, the dividends of developing mathematical thinking in advance will appear!

Personal profile: @米粒妈爱分享 rice grain mother, American returnee, Haidian parent. Focus on learning dry goods, educational experience and further education.