Liu Yuxi was degraded to write an essay, which was just 81 words, became a classic, and was selected as a middle school Chinese textbook every year
Su Dongpo is a model of open-minded and optimistic literati, and Lin Yutang said that he is a "optimistic faction with a difficult temperament", who has been repeatedly belittled and can still maintain open-mindedness. In fact, Liu Yuxi, who preceded him, also had such characteristics.
Speaking of Liu Yuxi's friends who like poetry, they will think of "a crane in the clear sky, and they will lead poetry to Bixiao", this change of the sadness of the literati and heroes of autumn, bluntly said" "Since ancient times, autumn has been lonely, and I say that autumn is better than spring dynasty". This was written when he was first relegated to Langzhou, and his mind and optimism are evident in this poem. 20 years later, he was degraded again, Bai Juyi also complained for him, writing a poem sighing " Also know that the name of the fold, twenty-three years folded too much", Liu Yuxi also wrote a poem to thank you, one of the sentences "A thousand sails on the side of the sinking boat, the head of the sick tree in front of Wan MuChun" wrote the open-mindedness and arrogance in his heart.
Liu Yuxi's poems have been circulated a lot, and it is widely sung by the public that "Buried Room Ming" because it is simple, concise and fresh, and has been selected into the middle school Chinese textbook and has become a classic.
The poem was written in 824-826, 20 years after he was first degraded. Liu Yuxi can be described as a young man, and when he was 21 years old, he was a jinshi, first serving as the prince's school secretary, and later becoming the shogunate of Du You, the envoy of Huainan Jiedu, and was deeply respected. With Du You's entry into the dynasty, Liu Yuxi also served as the inspector of imperial history and joined the "Second King and Eight Simas" clique, and after Tang Shunzong ascended the throne, Liu Yuxi participated in the "Yongzhen Reform". However, in 805, the reform failed, and Emperor Shunzong of Tang gave the throne to Tang Xianzong, and Liu Yuxi was demoted to the title of Assassin and later posthumously demoted to Sima of Langzhou.
In this place in Langzhou, Liu Yuxi stayed for nearly ten years. Liu Yuxi was then recalled to Kyoto, but did not stay for a year, because he offended people by writing poetry, and was relegated to the more remote Bozhou to serve as an assassin. With the help of his friends, he changed to Lianzhou, where the conditions were slightly better, and continued to serve as an assassin for nearly five years. During this period, he traveled to several places, to Kuizhou, and to the state and around, all of which held the position of assassin.
In this history of thorns, most of the great literary heroes of the Tang Dynasty had the experience of serving as assassins. At the beginning, the history of thorns was a highly valued post, and the literati held more positions, but after the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the history of thorns became the exclusive position of the degraded officials, but only managed some administrative affairs, especially in remote places, the status was lower, and the general officials were reluctant to go, which was of course punitive in nature, and Liu Yuxi's "Eight Simas" incident was only an assistant to the history of thorns, and his status was quite low.
In the past, it was prosperous and scattered, and it was natural to witness the changes in the world. "Landing phoenix is not as good as a chicken" When Liu Yuxi was serving as the assassin of Hezhou, Zhixian, who was in office at that time, was a bit deliberately difficult. The three rooms that should have been arranged in the Yamen were changed to the south of the city far away from the Yamen. Liu Yuxi did not care, but admired this house facing the river, and wrote a couplet" "Facing the white sail of the river, he was arguing with Zhou Si" In the face of the vast river, he reflected on his life, which was a very positive attitude towards life, and did not take this so-called small shoe seriously.
Zhixian was not relieved and provoked again. The three rooms in the south of the city were replaced by one and a half rooms in the north of the city, and the biggest resistance to the provocation of the villain was indifference, Liu Yuxi looked at the row of weeping willows in front of the house, and the pen was a couplet "Yang Liu Qingjiang level, people in The heart of Liyang is in Beijing" Although I live in this remote place, my mind is in that vast place.
Zhixian asked him to move again, this time from the north of the city to the city, and the room was so small that it could only accommodate the next table, chair and bed. For half a year, forced to go from the south of the city to the north of the city, and then to the city, each time more and more simple, in the face of such a hut, Liu Yu Xi wrote down the inscription of the burrow, and carved it on the stone, standing in front of his door.
The mountain is not high, and the immortal is named. The water is not deep, there are dragons and spirits. Si is the Burrow, but Wu Dexin. The moss marks are green on the upper level, and the grass color is green. There is a great deal of laughter and laughter, and there is no white ding. You can tune the piano and read the Golden Scripture. There is no silk bamboo messy ear, no case of labor shape. Nanyang Zhuge Lu, Western Shu Zi Yunting. Confucius Ziyun: What is ugly?
The opening author uses Beeching's technique to lead out of his own burrow. Although there is a sentence in the "New Language of the World", "The mountain is not high, the water is not deep", but it is used in the opposite sense. Mountains can not be high, and water can not be deep, but with "immortals" and "dragons" there are immortals and aura.
Is this one-table, one-chair-one-bed cottage simple? With a "virtuous" and "sweet" owner like himself, this cottage will also be famous. The simplicity of the burrow is in stark contrast to the nobility of the master, and in the contrast, the image of the master is even taller. This is the author facing the provocation, borrowing the strength to fight back. Facts have proved that this is indeed the case, and so far this burrow has also become a key cultural relics protection unit, and the owner's "Dexin" has created the extraordinary of the hut.
The integrity and character of the owner are also reflected here, which has the lotus quality of "out of the mud and not stained". And the opening four sentences have also become classic famous sentences, and the words are pearls.
Then the author writes to the scenery around the house, because it is remote, dark and damp, so that the moss is everywhere, but in the dual sentence of "moss marks are green, grass is green", the two verbs of "up" and "into" are very expressive, there is a spirit and charm, the author is happy in the center of this remote and dark hut, he can have the mood to appreciate the moss marks on the ground, the color of the grass in the room, shaping a quiet and chic time quiet.
"There is a lot of laughter and laughter, and there is no white ding." You can tune the piano and read the Golden Scripture. The chaotic ears of no silk bamboo, the labor form of no case", these four sentences, one positive and one negative, one real and one virtual, have echoes and contrasts, and write out the activities of people and people in the hut. The people who come and go to the hut are all people with high interests, and the activities they engage in in the hut are also acts of pure detachment. The cottage is small but fun.
In the small burrow, the author compares "Zhuge Lu of Nanyang and Ziyun Pavilion of Western Shu" to it. Borrow the famous burrow of ancient times to show that you are in line with the way of the saints.
Finally, A rhetorical question was borrowed to summarize "Confucius Yun, What Ugly There Is." The whole article has a neat sentence pattern, sonorous syllables, although it is less than a hundred words, but there is a "dragon leaping and a tiger jumping", expressing his inner views and giving a powerful counterattack to the provocateurs, which is really painful.