Zheng Jicui, a popular science expert: Deputy Chief Physician of the Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital affiliated to Fudan University / Tutor of International Trauma Life Support (ITLS).
Is there a high rate of injury in this particular group of children in the home environment?
In a home environment, severe injuries may be less frequent. On the online medical platform, we often receive parents for help, "What should I do if my child's fingers are squeezed, cut by a knife, and hit his head when he falls?" "The data shows that home injuries account for more than half of all unintentional injuries to children.
Children often land on their heads after falling, which situations need to be treated immediately, and which situations can be observed at home?
Look first at the reaction. If the child cries twice, he will return to his usual state, and there is no wound on his body, which can be temporarily observed. If it is not the same as usual, poor mental response, vomiting, or coma, etc. should be sought in time; the child should be observed at least 3-7 days after falling, and cannot be careless; if there is irritability, or only want to sleep, no spirit, nausea and vomiting, appetite reduction, etc., it is necessary to seek medical treatment in time; if there is a lump on the head after the fall, if the child's state is the same as usual, the package is not large, you can apply cold compresses within 24 hours, and then apply hot compresses; if the lump is very large or not consumed for a long time, you must go to the hospital for treatment.
Children's burn problems are also common in the process of staying at home, how to deal with it quickly?
Common burns include hot water, hot drink burns, and burns on small household appliances. Burns are quickly handled, please remember the five-character recipe "brew off the bubble lid to send". "Flushing" and "bubble" are cold therapy that reduces the local temperature of the burn and reduces the continued damage. Brew with cool water, do not use polluted water or ice water; "off" is to remove local clothing, you can use scissors to cut the clothing, brewing or soaking at the same time. "Cover" involves covering the burned area and keeping your child warm. "Sending" means seeking medical treatment in a timely manner.
What should parents do if a child is choked by a foreign body?
Parents whose children are stuck by foreign bodies and cause suffocation should first dial 120 to prepare for medical treatment, and before 120 arrives, they can use Heimlich First Aid. After confirming that the child has a foreign body in the airway, if the breathing and heartbeat stop, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed; if the mind is clear and there is a breathing heartbeat, let the child cough vigorously, if the foreign body coughs, the Hai method can be used.
The rescued person's legs are slightly apart, the rescuer stands behind the rescued person, both upper limbs through the rescued armpits, one hand into a fist, the fist inward, the other hand to hold the fist, inward and upward force impact, until the foreign body rushes out. If the rescued person's heart beats and breathes away during this process, CPR begins.
Children under 1 year of age are recommended to use the alternating method of patting the back and pressing the chest.
If a foreign body is eaten into the stomach, do I need to seek medical attention immediately?
The first thing to do is to confirm what was ingested by mistake. Pharmaceuticals or chemicals? Bring vomit discharge, instructions, etc. to the hospital. After the coin reaches the stomach, it can be temporarily left untreated and discharged naturally, but the coin cell battery has a corrosive effect and must be removed in time. Therefore, I would like to remind parents and friends that parents should accompany and supervise when children play. At the same time, it is necessary to inform the child that after eating a foreign body by mistake, it is necessary to tell the parents in time.
In this case, parents should not rush to reprimand their children, but should actively find solutions and do not cause fear and tension to their children.
As we all know, children's drowning generally occurs outdoors and outdoors, but will drowning also occur at home?
The probability of drowning at home for 0-4 years old will be relatively high, and children over 1 year old like to play with water very much. A mother prepared half a bucket of water to play with her child, walked away for a few minutes, and came back to find that the child had been planted in the bucket. For newborns or very young children, two centimeters high water surface may lead to drowning, which must be paid attention to by parents.
Children are easily stabbed or cut by hard objects due to their mobility, how should parents deal with it?
For example, my child made a pen holder from a drink bottle, and the art knife scratched his thumb and stitched 26 stitches. If the wound is small after cutting, it is superficial, bleeds less, and can be disinfected and bandaged. Parents will not deal with or are not sure, to seek medical treatment in time; the wound is large, deep, bleeding, can not be clear whether to damage the vascular nerves, need to stop the bleeding at the same time as timely medical treatment.
Special reminder, fingers or toes at home treatment with Band-Aid bandage do not ring, can be spiral, do not wrap too tightly, may affect the peripheral circulation, resulting in serious consequences.
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Edit: Qin Congcong
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