Known as "a generation of literature", Song Ci has both musical and literary dual aesthetic characteristics, Song Ci because of the perfect combination of music and chapters can always immerse people in it, to bring people a beautiful experience.
There are a few deep feelings in the world, and the most beautiful thing is only Song Ci. Although the musicality of Song Ci is gradually weakening in the long river of time, even in today's time, when we face Song Ci, the language that has beautiful time and amazed the years can always make us feel the beauty of Song Ci.
Although there are thick and sonorous bold words in the Song Ci, euphemisms are always the theme style of the Song Ci. In the history of words, there has long been a saying that the Song word is "authentic" and "true".
Speaking of the authenticity and authenticity of song words, Li Qingzhao is a lyricist who has to be mentioned. Li Qingzhao has always been regarded as a representative of the Elegance School of the Song Dynasty, And Li Qingzhao's style was mainly gentle, and Wang Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty even enshrined Li Qingzhao as the "Emperor of Grace". Her lyrics have been passed down through the ages and are known as "a large number of lyricists".
Li Qingzhao was the most outstanding female writer in ancient mainland China, and her literary achievements were mainly manifested in words. Li Qingzhao uses "I write my heart by hand", and her words fill more emotional experience, life encounters and personal destiny into the words, so her lyrics exude a sad and gentle style of lingering misery and deep depression, which has caused her to achieve great achievements in lyrical art.
Born in a family of Confucian scholars, Li Qingzhao was influenced by her family from an early age, and developed a strong interest in poetry and books, coupled with her natural wisdom and talent, she easily established a close relationship with words. Li Qingzhao's good family environment makes her feel life more deeply and appreciate the beauty of life, and such a family life has also cultivated her personality of loving life, free and romantic, cheerful and lively.
As a teenager, she longed for an unrestrained life, cherished the landscape, and enjoyed her vigorous youth, rather than being confined to the boudoir. "Often remember the sunset of Xiting, drunk and do not know the way home", depicts Li Qingzhao's carefree and happy life as a teenager and the past of intimate contact with nature.
When Li Qingzhao was 18 years old, he met Zhao Mingcheng and entered the marriage hall with him. Most of Li Qingzhao's works in the newlywed period are boudoir nicknames, words that entertain each other, and the happiness after marriage is overflowing with words, she often fills this happiness into the words, and she always shows her most beautiful and moving side to her husband.
She will add a mood to the boudoir life with a passionate gaze and gentle and emotional words: "Silk wisps of thin ice muscles, snow creamy and crispy, laughing tanlang, tonight the gauze kitchen pillow is cool"; she will also decorate their emotional life with exquisite makeup and seductive demeanor: "The fragrant face is half open and delicate, when the court, the jade people bath out of the new makeup." From these words, we can fully see the dashing openness of Li Qingzhao's lifestyle, the happiness of his mood, and his confidence and self-sufficiency in life.
In "Minus Mulan", Li Qingzhao "cloud sideburns oblique hairpins, disciples to teach Lang Bi and see", she inserted the flowers obliquely in the sideburns of the clouds, let Zhao Mingcheng compare to see whether people are better than flowers or flowers. In this poem, Li Qingzhao buys flowers, appreciates flowers, wears flowers, compares flowers, borrows flowers to fight with flowers, and shows the overflowing happiness in married life in a delicate way.
After that, Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng lived in Qingzhou for a while, which was the golden period of their lives, and they were immersed in the sweetness of the world of the two. They read and fought tea in the hall of return, studied gold stones, wrote poems and filled in words, and the husband and wife had a very deep relationship.
During their lives in Qingzhou, Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng left behind the age-old story of "the victory of husband and wife is good at friends". Later, when Li Qingzhao recalled this period of life in the "Preface to the Golden Stone Record", he was still full of unforgettable affection: "Yu Sex even remembers strongly, every meal, sits back in the hall, cooks tea, refers to the accumulation of book history, says that something is in a certain book, a certain volume, the first few leaves, the first few lines, in order to win or lose in the middle of the corner, for drinking tea in succession." In the middle, he raised a glass of laughter, until the tea fell into his arms, but he could not drink it, and he was willing to be a countryman. ”
They have similar interests, they all love to study the golden stone relics, they all have the interest of stepping on the snow to find poetry, they raise their eyebrows, and the piano is harmonious. Therefore, Li Qingzhao filled his love into the words without exaggeration, boldly pouring out his true inner feelings, delicate and moving.
The newlywed Yan'er has not yet enjoyed the beautiful marriage, and her husband Zhao Mingcheng received a paper transfer order and went to Laizhou to start his career, leaving Li Qingzhao alone to guard Qingzhou. Although her husband left home, although she had a thousand reluctance in her heart, her mouth was "wanting to say and rest", because she knew that her husband had also made a difficult choice between going and staying. For the sake of the future, Zhao Mingcheng still abandoned his family and embarked on a journey to Laizhou, so Li Qingzhao could only helplessly stay at his home in Qingzhou.
From now on, a new period of sorrow. As a wife who is rich in emotions and loves her husband deeply, Li Qingzhao gathers her thoughts and loneliness into her own words. Her delicate observation of daily things, integrated into her own emotions, a piece of idle cloud, a piece of falling leaves, can become the carrier of her sustenance of feelings, Li Qingzhao intoxicatedly recorded her emotional memoranda.
Flowers float from zero water. One kind of lovesickness, two places of idleness. There was no way to eliminate this feeling, so I lowered my eyebrows, but I was worried. Li Qingzhao's ancient famous sentence will be the sweetness of the newlywed and the loneliness after the parting to express vividly, the past and the present form a sharp contrast, "a kind of love, two places of idleness" is Li Qingzhao's trust in the deep love between her husband, it seems to be a sweet sorrow, but also the thought of her husband to the extreme.
The former couple had a deep affection, once raised eyebrows, once amphibious and double swallow, have become the past tense, and now she is alone in the empty boudoir, alone on the Lanzhou. During her solitude in Qingzhou, Li Qingzhao's thoughts of her husband never stopped, and she also filled in this unforgettable longing more than once into her words.
Among them, this poem written on the eve of the Cold Food Festival, "Nian Nu Jiao", because of the rich gentle atmosphere shows dazzling brilliance, has also become a moving and famous passage through the ages. Her lyrics, which are both emotional and winning, the language is clear, and the rhymes are harmonious, like a string of notes beating on the stave, each note is the true flow of the lyricist's emotions. The original words of "Nian Nu Jiao" are as follows:
Depressed courtyard, sloping wind and drizzle, heavy doors must be closed. Pet willow flowers cold food near, all kinds of annoying weather. Dangerous rhymes, head up and sober, don't be idle. The conquest is too much, and it is difficult to send thousands of hearts.
Upstairs for a few days in the cold spring, the curtains hanging on all sides, the jade dry and lazy. Be dispelled by the cold incense, and do not worry about people. Clear dew morning flow, new Tong chu introduction, how much travel spring. The sun is high and smoky, and it is more sunny to see today?
The opening three sentences explain the location and weather conditions. The courtyard was cold and cold, the drizzle was falling, the oblique wind was blowing, and they added to the coldness, and the heavy doors were tightly closed. The doorway is cold, a faction of Xiao Suo, she also has no intention of tidying up, no intention of placement, the coldness of the environment and the coldness of the weather, in this sentence show no more. But the inner depression and loneliness of the lyricist are the most important, and it can be imagined that in such a situation, how can the writer withstand the cold weather and the sloping wind and rain?
The natural environment does not have any sympathy for the courtyard hostess, and what is more, it is the frequent wind and rain, which makes people feel the cold wind and rain, and the writer can only close the courtyard door to resist the invasion of wind and rain. The four words "heavy door must be closed" can vaguely see the poignant mentality of the lyricist, the lyricist clearly said to close the door, in fact, she closed the window of the soul.
The cold scenery is integrated into the cold emotions of the lyricist. The depressed courtyard, the sloping wind and rain of spring, the closed gate, the sparse lines and the cool tone set the emotional tone for the words, and the lyricists are miserable and pitiful.
The next two sentences, "Pet willow flowers cold food near, all kinds of annoying weather", to the effect that: the spring flowers are about to bloom, the young willows are gradually dying green, the cold food festival is approaching, and it is time to be annoying, these two sentences are the continuation and supplement of the opening three sentences.
Why does the writer say that the coming cold food is a troublesome time? It turns out that the Cold Food Festival is one or two days before the Qingming Festival, and during this time period, it is the season of swaying willow branches, delicate spring flowers, song and swallow dance, if you go out, it must be a pleasant trip that makes people linger and have intimate contact with nature.
However, at this time, the weather is often unstable, and there will often be wind and rain, so the weather will often become a factor that prevents people from traveling, and people can only idle at home in boredom, thus missing out with the beautiful spring light. From this, we can see that the lyricist is very sensitive to the weather, and this sensitivity reflects that the lyricist is very lonely and lonely.
How to pass the boring days? How can the writers who used to be full of life forget that the Cold Food Festival is approaching? If the sky is beautiful, the wind and the sun are beautiful, he can just go out to play, to dispel the bitter mood, but the weather is cloudy and uncertain, the wind and rain, so that the lyricist can not even get these comforts, so her heart inevitably added infinite anger.
After reading these two sentences, the meaning of the opening three sentences is more clear at this moment: since it is a sloping wind and drizzle, then it is definitely impossible to go out to enjoy the tour, and it is impossible to go out, so I have to close the heavy door and stay alone.
In these two sentences, the lyricist associates willows and flowers with a slanted wind and drizzle, which not only pours out her concern for beautiful things, but also reveals her feelings of self-pity. Among them, the four words of "pet willow and delicate flowers" have always been praised, and some critics even believe that these four words can be comparable to Li Qingzhao's "green fat red skinny", because "pet willow pet flowers" and "green fat red skinny" have similarities in the use of anthropomorphic techniques, all of which are divine strokes.
The next three sentences, "Dangerous rhyme poetry, head up and wake up, don't be idle", to the effect that the rhythm of deliberate danger is written into a poem, sober from the drunken wine, and the unprovoked sorrow is heavy on the heart. Futou wine, the ancients in the time of drinking called "卯酒", also called "Futou wine". When did Li Qingzhao drink alcohol and compose poetry? It was at dawn, when others were drowsy, but the writer could not sleep, she could only drink and write poetry, resisting the loneliness of the long night in the quiet courtyard.
It turned out that in such weather, the lyricist could not pass the time, so he had to give himself a difficult poem. It can be imagined that in the sloping wind and drizzle, a room in the courtyard is permeated with half-light and half-dark lights, and the poet is dressed at night, wearing stars and wearing the moon, immersed in the world of poetry, and this deep and cold environment is only a scene in the hearts of the writers?
Time should be so difficult for the female lyricist who is alone in the empty boudoir. She faces the night like water, the past in her heart, soaked in the heartstrings of every thought, only in the silent space of thoughts, only in the long river of time of poetry, the lyricist can find a time and space where she is full of feelings.
The lyricist barely survived the long night with the help of poetry and wine, but at dawn, the poem was written and the wine woke up. However, even if the time is passed in this way, when idle, the writer's heart is still empty, and he still does not know what to do to comfort the soul.
In the company of poetry and wine, the female lyricist laments "don't be idle", that is, she has a different kind of loneliness, why does the lyricist have such a sigh? The answer lies in the two sentences of "the conquest is too exhausted, and thousands of hearts are difficult to send".
Originally, the lyricist was alone in the empty boudoir, trapped by love, she missed Zhao Mingcheng, but he was in the distance, she had thousands of lovesickness in her heart, helpless Hongyan could not pass it on for herself. Here, Li Qingzhao uses exaggerated rhetorical techniques to highlight the writer's deep feelings for people from afar, and there are too many words in his heart that he wants to talk to him.
I don't know what to do, but I have a deep affection. The term Hongyan often appears in Li Qingzhao's words, such as "Who sent the Jinshu in the clouds?" in "A Cut of Plums"? When the goose character returns, the moon is full of the West Building", "Gui Hongsheng breaks the clouds and blue, and the back window snow falls on the stove smoke straight", and then "the geese pass by, it is the old acquaintance" in "Slow Sound", all of which are borrowed by the lyricists to express their long-cherished thoughts.
Li Qingzhao is good at expressing the feelings of twists and turns, in the form of euphemisms, compressing the hot flow of the lyricist's feelings, we can see only from the upper part of the word that the writer "wants to say and rest", and the twists and turns of the writing method express the inner feelings of the lyricist implicitly and profoundly, delicately conveying the spirit.
The first three sentences of the next film, "Upstairs for a few days in the spring cold, the curtains hang on all sides, the jade is dry and lazy", to the effect that since Hongyan can't bring his thoughts to her husband, people from afar don't know when they can come back, so the writer is too lazy to look up and wait by the fence.
In this stormy season near the cold food, the lyricist is not around because her husband is not around, and her life also lacks a commendable emotion, and laziness has become the normalized state of life of the lyricist. Because of the wind and rain, the curtains are also hanging, and the light in the room is getting dimmer and dimmer.
How she wanted to stand by the jade railing to breathe, look at the distant heavens and earth, and temporarily dissolve the sorrow in her long-cherished heart, but she did not dare to stay too long, the cold spring scenery in front of her was so desolate and cold, the more she looked at it, the more sad and sad she became. These three sentences echo the opening three sentences, showing the beauty of symmetry and harmony in the chapter, the meaning of the words is exquisite and meticulous, and the words jump on the paper.
"Be dispelled by the cold incense, do not worry about people", the lonely sleepless lyricist from the mind to the body does not have some enthusiasm, the quilt is cold, in the face of loneliness, loneliness, the master, what kind of Luo Yuan can block the chill of the five more, the incense that dissipated in the lion incense burner is also burned out, accompanied by the lyricist's melancholy little by little until it burns out.
The writer who had just been a little sleepy was invaded by the chill inside and outside, and could not fall asleep anyway, and had to sit up again, and the sorrow that haunted her heart stirred her all the time. When the incense dissipated, the writer temporarily got a moment of peaceful sleep, but the temporary sorrow made her wake up from the dream like a lost soul, and the sorrow followed, and returned to the peaceful thoughts without a moment. This longing has become the whole of her emotional life, making her tasteless, restless, and unable to stop.
When she came to the courtyard, the clear dew flowed down from the branches and leaves in the breeze, and a little dew just fell on the writer's body, what a beautiful and moving picture. The buds on the plane tree in the courtyard were full of spring.
The vitality quietly brought by this nature makes the writer can't help but be shocked, and the instinct to desire happiness makes her heart rise again.
The writer is so eager and expectant of the freshness and vitality of the beginning of life, and the warmth and brightness heralded by spring are still hidden in the heart of the writer, tempting the bitter and silent lyricist in the boudoir, but can it go in the end?
At this point, the words swept away the gloom above and turned bright. This sentence adds fresh beauty to the composition in terms of content, and at the same time leads to the next sentence "how much to swim in spring" in structure. Dew flows among the branches, sycamores shake green in the morning light, everything is so fresh and beautiful, how can you be sad in this wonderful spring light?
At this time, this scene is just right for a wonderful spring outing. The renewed spring scenery made the lyricist suddenly happy, and she also looked forward to herself being relieved of the long-term sorrow caused by long-term thoughts as soon as possible.
The sun has risen, the fog has gradually dissipated, how eager is the writer at this moment to know whether today is a sunny day, how much she needs this sunny day to alleviate this too heavy sorrow, but can the weather be clear? At the moment, I still can't know.
For the lyricist at this moment, good weather may bring her a good mood throughout the day, the sun may be able to sweep away the cold wind and rain for several days, and the outing may be able to sweep away the low and depressed mood of the lyricist for several days. The lyricist pins all his expectations on good weather, and it can be imagined that her inner helplessness and vulnerability have reached a vulnerable level.
But what exactly will this weather bring to the writer? Even if it rains and the sky is clear, can the mood of the writer really be better? Can that beautiful spring light still inject vitality and vitality into the poet as before? The writer is suspicious, and at the same time she also knows deeply that things are people and not everything, and no matter how beautiful he is, he can no longer restore the spring in her heart.
The lyrics end in the emotional rhythm of the lyricist's twists and turns, which is touching to read. In this poem, Li Qingzhao profoundly and concretely expresses her inner emotional world with a twist and turn, achieving an intriguing artistic effect: the whole word is written from the heavenly yin of the upper film to the sunny sky of the next film, the previous melancholy haunts back to the back of Xuanlang, the sad emotion of the upper film resides in the cold spring scenery, and the emotion of the lower film is as suddenly open as the sunshine after the rain.
This song "Nian Nu Jiao" is clearly organized, well-layered, emotional and winning, and it is touching to read. Li Qingzhao vividly shows her emotional world with her unique feminine delicate brushstrokes, the ups and downs of emotions in the words are harmonious with the changes in the weather, the emotional rhythm sways with a moving posture, and the staves are drawn like clouds and water.
Yang Shen, a great poet of the Ming Dynasty, commented on Li Qingzhao's poem: "The scene is both perfect, and the celebrity is the first among the celebrities." This is a pertinent and appropriate evaluation, because Li Qingzhao sent a beautiful and affectionate poem to the world with moving characters.