Everything grows at this time, it is clean and clear.
Qingming is both a festival and a festival.
This year's Qingming Festival is destined to be different from the past. When Qingming encounters the epidemic, I hope that everyone can find a home for emotions and emotions, and the heart is clear, and it also has different meanings.
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"Fireworks" of the Cold Food Festival
Of the twenty-four solar terms, Qingming is the only one that is considered a festival, a tradition that dates back to the Tang Dynasty. In the ancient calendar, the 105 days after the winter solstice were "cold food".
At first, the cold food festival banned fire for a long time, and by the Tang Dynasty it had been reduced to three days. After the cold food is Qingming, Tang Shi set this day as the day to welcome the new fire. The Tang Dynasty was the most prosperous period for the development of the Cold Food Festival, and the longest holiday once reached seven days, which can be called the "Golden Week" of the Tang Dynasty. At this time, on the basis of retaining the previous generation of fire prohibition and cold food festivals, the cold food festival also developed the important activity of suburban festival.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, due to a combination of economic, political, customs and other reasons, the Qingming Dynasty eventually replaced the cold food and became one of the most important traditional festivals in China. On the one hand, the Qingming Festival abandons the customs of the Cold Food Festival to smoke fire and eat cold food, and on the other hand, it continues most of the activities such as suburban festivals, green walking, and entertainment. In the Southern Song Dynasty Wu Weixin's "Su Causeway Qingming Is a Matter", it is written:
The pear blossom wind is clear, and the wanderer is looking for spring and half out of the city.
The sunset song is packed up, and the willows belong to the warblers.
If poetry is abstract, then qingming in calligraphy and painting is figurative.
Yun Shouping, a famous painter and calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, erected a beautiful painting style and a high-level painting grid outside the "Four Kings", which was regarded by later generations as a model of the literati style in the history of painting from the Ming to the Qing Dynasty. His "Warm Green Map of Spring Mountain" depicts the style of the Qingming dynasty in the Jiangnan region.
Yun Shouping's "Spring Mountain Warm Green Map"
The painting is like a mountain in the distance, setting off a tall warm green in the middle; the middle scene is lined with trees and lush, and a few huts are faintly visible. The close-up pavilion is near the water, which increases the breath of life, and a tree of red flowers stands on the top of the river, as if it is a finishing touch. The whole spring scene, under the painter's pen, is clearly and movingly depicted.
In these literati works, we see that the early spring life of the people in Jiangnan Water Township is full of fireworks and the wisdom of life where heaven and man blend.
Feng Zikai's "Small Scenes of the Qingming Dynasty"
"Vitality" in Mourning
During the Qingming Festival, people worship and mourn, and they will also "tend to the fragrant tree and choose the garden". There is sorrow and joy, this is life.
In the eyes of the ancients, the Qingming season is the transformation of the prevailing wind, the warm and gentle wind, which creates the spring birth of all things, and everything is in harmony with the wind. In the Huainanzi, Qingming is even referred to as the "Qingming Wind", and the wind is regarded as the first feature of the Qingming Festival.
Spring wind to send warmth, weathering rain, but also prompted the recovery of all things, the so-called "spring wind and green river south bank", and there is a "peach red willow green" said.
"Willow" and "stay" are harmonious, and the ancients folded willows to give each other, which is difficult to give up and indoctrinated.
The Qingming Dynasty also has the saying of "avoiding evil spirits". In the "Qi Min Zhi Shu", there is a saying that "take willow branches to the household, and a hundred ghosts do not enter the house", that is, the custom of "planting willows at the Qingming Gate in March".
The Sui Emperor ordered the excavation of the Tongji Canal and the planting of willows on both sides of the newly opened Grand Canal. Bai Juyi once had a "Sui Di Liu" (隋堤柳) that "in the middle of the great cause, the heavenly son of the heavens, planted willows into rows of flowing water, west from the Yellow River to the east of Huaihuai, green shadow 1,500 miles." ”
"Qingming is everywhere, and the courtyard is deeply green and green. The heart is not tired of the world, and it is not a pity not to have willows. "Song Dynasty poet Song Boren's "Qingming Willow Cutting" tells the custom of planting willows during the Qingming Festival.
In later generations, willow planting gradually evolved into tree planting, and the Qingming Festival was once used as a tree planting festival, showing a vigorous new green of a tree. When people walked green, they folded a few willow sticks and took them home and inserted them on the lintels and eaves, which also showed a lot of vitality.
The Ming Dynasty calligrapher Wang Pet's "Miscellaneous Books" has "Qingming poems": "The spring breeze of the Qingming Ye Temple is turbulent, and the flowers of the Qu River are full of smoke." Outside the Yan Yun Shuo Xueyin book, the Cantonese daughter Wu Er Ke bowed. Holding the sun for a long time to see the north pole of the sky, the lotus hoe xinbu is westward. The Five Tombs Heroes asked each other, and the long forest of abundant grass was only drunk and sleeping. ”
The "Qingming Poems" in Wang Pet's "Miscellaneous Books"
"Cherishing" in remembrance
Before and after the Qingming Dynasty, spring returns to the earth, everything recovers, and the rain is abundant, which is a good season for farming. Therefore, the folk proverb says: "The rain in the Qingming Valley is connected, and there is no delay in soaking and cultivating the land." ”
The Library of Congress of the United States has a set of "Imperial Cultivation and Weaving Complete Maps", which was drawn by Jiao Bingzhen during the Kangxi Dynasty with the Southern Song Dynasty Lou Xuan's "Cultivation and Weaving Map" as the base draft. The first three pictures of this set of figures are "soaking", "farming" and "rake". According to the Lou Xuan poem transcribed in "Farming", "Donggao a plough rains, cuckoo first urges ploughing", it can be clearly known that the work reflects the agricultural activities during the rainy season of the Qingming Valley.
"The Complete Map of Imperial Cultivation and Weaving" (Part 1)
"Mingqian tea, as expensive as gold". Mingqian tea refers to the buds and leaves picked in this small period of time before the Qingming Dynasty, which is fresh and refreshing. Tea has sucked up enough nutrients in the long winter, and because of the low temperature before the Ming Dynasty, the yield is very small, so it is doubly precious.
West Lake Longjing
Kite flying has always been a favorite activity during the Qingming Dynasty. Once, in the spring breeze, run freely, the good wind borrowed the power, the kite was sent to the clear blue sky, and some people would also cut the kite's line, allowing the wind to blow as far as possible. It is said that this will clear the bad luck of the plague and bring good luck to yourself. This special Qingming Festival, although we can't "busy riding the east wind to put paper kites", we must also try to make our hearts clear.
Qingming remembers the deceased, and feels that yesterday's day cannot be left, but everything at this moment is fresh and real, then, do not miss the beauty of the present, send love from afar, and wait for the flowers to blossom.