New forces "curve on the car"
In 2017, the door to applying for new energy vehicle production qualifications has been closed, but the stubble of new car brands that have poured out since then has never been interrupted, especially in the past two years.
But if you don't have the qualifications, how to build and sell cars?
Two solutions: One is to find qualified enterprises to do oems, such as the relationship between Weilai and Jianghuai. The second is to acquire factories that are on the verge of bankruptcy but have production qualifications.
Most new cars want to choose the latter. "For them, it is still necessary to obtain a stable development environment and avoid being stuck in the neck of the OEM." An industry expert said in an interview.
In December last year, Fujian Xinfuda Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. quietly completed the change of industrial and commercial equity, and the shareholders were changed from the original Sanlong Group to zero-running cars.
Xinfuda is a comprehensive commercial vehicle manufacturing enterprise with three major manufacturing bases. Zero Run's acquisition of such a company with new energy passenger car qualifications is self-evident.
Subsequently, the zero-run C11 model entered the new car catalog of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, announcing that zero-run had obtained independent car manufacturing qualifications, and also abandoned The Yangtze River Automobile, which had been oem for more than 2 years.
Many of the operations are similar to zero running: WM Holdings Zhongshun Automobile, Byton have acquired 100% of the equity of FAW Huali for a symbolic price of 1 yuan, Chehejia has acquired 100% of the shares of Chongqing Lifan for 650 million yuan, and Aichi has invested in Jiangling.....
With the start of the second round of new car-making campaign led by Baidu and Xiaomi, a new round of acquisitions will also be carried out in the dark.
For example, Mahayana's two Industry 4.0 standard automotive technology industrial parks have just been divided up by Niuchuang and BYD.
What "quality assets" are left
In 2015, in order to conform to the development trend of new energy vehicles and uphold the purpose of introducing a batch of "catfish" into the market first, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology decided to issue production qualifications to emerging car manufacturers that meet the regulations.
In the industry, the NDRC's license is called "big qualification", and the ministry of industry and information technology's approval is "small qualification". Only by obtaining two qualifications can the newly established car companies put their products on the market.
At that time, double qualifications were likened to "quasi-birth certificates", and whoever got the qualifications won first on the starting line.
In more than a year, 15 enterprises have obtained new energy vehicle production qualifications.
They are BAIC BJEV, Changjiang Automobile, Qiantu Automobile, Chery New Energy, Min An Automobile, Wanxiang Group, Jiangling New Energy, Chongqing Jinkang New Energy, Guoneng New Energy, Yundu New Energy, Zhidou, Henan Suda, Zhejiang Hezhong, Lu Dizhou, and Jacques Volkswagen.
However, due to the rapid issuance of qualifications, the sound of overcapacity of new energy vehicles began to appear. The more important problem is that "zombie enterprises" are beginning to appear.
Now looking back at the 15 enterprises with production qualifications, most of them have stopped the flag, let alone the "catfish" effect.
Take the Zhidou car, which has also made a splash.
As one of the first batch of electric vehicle companies that "successfully advanced", under the outlet of new energy subsidy policies, Zhidou once relied on micro-electric vehicles to occupy the top of the sales list of new energy vehicles.
However, with the decline of financial subsidies, the technical reserves of car-making are insufficient, and Zhidou soon fell.
In November 2019, 100% of the equity of Zhidou Automobile Company was publicly auctioned, including fixed assets such as construction plants, equipment, land use rights and electric vehicle production qualifications.
At present, several of its factories in Zhejiang, Shandong and Gansu are in a state of suspension.
Zhidou is followed by the Land Ark.
Land Ark is the earliest high-tech enterprise specializing in the research and development of the core technology of pure electric vehicles in China, with three core technologies and eight key technologies. It is now being auctioned off by creditors.
Auto Industry and Economics Network roughly sorted out, now those who have not been taken over, or waiting to be taken over, have qualifications and factory "high-quality" targets, there are about 14.
In addition, it should be noted that in the above figure, as an example, enterprises that can produce new energy vehicles are divided into two categories:
The first type is newly established enterprises, which need to apply for new energy vehicle production qualifications.
Another category is that traditional car companies that originally have vehicle production qualifications do not need to apply for new energy vehicle production qualifications separately. For example, Brilliance, Zotye, Borgward.
In December this year, Zotye's restructuring plan was approved by the court.
Jiangsu Shenzhen businessmen involved in the restructuring also made it clear that it was to obtain the qualification for the production of complete vehicles. The investment value of Zotye is precisely the qualification it has and the production capacity of major production bases, so as to produce and sell complete vehicles.
But on the other hand, many seemingly "high-quality" enterprises like Borgward and Zotye usually end up in an embarrassing situation of insolvency.
The factory that receives it must also be prepared for its aftermath.
Write at the end
In the automotive circle in the second half of this year, the most high-profile event is "Millet Car". The gossip is the same every day: Xiaomi wants to acquire Borgward Automobile, Xiaomi takes over the second factory of Beijing Hyundai, and takes over the BAIC New Energy Factory.....
Although, the above rumors have been debunked one by one. However, the "millet phenomenon" is a microcosm of the merger and reorganization of the new energy automobile industry.
Cui Dongshu, secretary general of the Association of Automobile Manufacturers, told Auto Industry and Economics that it is a win-win measure for all parties to revitalize idle production capacity, encourage mergers and acquisitions of automobile enterprises, and give full play to the energy efficiency of fixed assets.
"The number of new energy automobile enterprises is too large, in a small and scattered situation, encourage enterprise mergers and acquisitions to become bigger and stronger, and further improve industrial concentration." Xiao Yaqing, minister of industry and information technology, said.
According to the statistics of CCID Research Institute, the total production capacity of new energy vehicles in China last year was 26.69 million units, and the cumulative sales of new energy vehicles in the same year were 1.367 million units, the capacity utilization rate was only 5.1%, and the idle production capacity exceeded 25 million units.
Who will save excess EV capacity? Let the merger be more violent.