"Li Du's article is here, and the light is long!" Speaking of poetry, the first thing we think of is Li Bai and Du Fu, who are two bright pearls in the history of mainland poetry. Among them, Li Bai is the poet who has been loved by countless people, his style is handsome, handsome and dashing, and a stroke of the pen is a famous poem, and countless people in later generations have rushed to imitate it, but no one has ever surpassed it.
"Hours do not know the moon, called a white jade plate." It evoked many people's good memories; "Life is not satisfactory in the world, and the Ming Dynasty distributes flat boats." "Write how many wanderers yearn for and envy the life; "Long winds and waves will sometimes hang straight on the clouds and sails to the sea!" "It has inspired many people in desperate situations...
These verses are all from Li Bai's famous works, and they are also Li Bai's representative works, but what Xiao Shiwen wants to introduce today is not these masterpieces, but Li Bai's "Winter Return to the Old Mountain". Li Bai wrote this poem in winter, and the ideals of his life are contained in it, but little is known:
Unwashed and stained dust wisps, return to Yerba Buena Flat.
A cane path is green, and the snow peaks are clear.
The cold leaves of the ground are exhausted first, and the cold clouds of the valley are not.
Tender baskets invade the house, and ancient trees fall into the river.
White dogs bark away from the village, and moss grows on the walls.
Wear the kitchen lone pheasant past, the old ape in the house sings.
Wood falls on the nest, and the hedge is formed.
Whisk the bed rat away, pour the vegetarian fish frightened.
Wash the stone to repair the good strategy, knock the pine to imitate the su zhen.
At this time, I went to the three qing.
Background: In the winter of 720 AD, Li Bai traveled to Yuzhou, Chengdu, and Mount Emei, paid homage to Su Yong and Li Yong, who were not reused, and returned to his former residence, Dakuang Mountain, and wrote this poem "Winter Return to the Old Mountain". The old mountain is today's Dakuang Mountain in Sichuan Jiangyou, which is Li Bai's hermitage and reading place.
Translation: The dusty hat has not yet been washed, and immediately after returning in a hurry, knock on the mountain gate. A path stretches out into the distance, there is a green vine path on the road, the snow peaks in the distance are looming, and from a distance, there are thousands of scattered snow floating in the air. The mountain roads are covered with dead branches and leaves, and the cold canyons are filled with dense dark clouds. In winter, the young bamboo is always new, but the ancient trees in the deep mountains have long since withered on the river.
Dogs bark in the distance, and moss grows in the house. Pheasants in the kitchen were passing around, and apes were still chirping in the neighboring houses. The nest where the branches fell still existed, and the incomplete fence became the way for the beast to enter the home. When the bed was made, a rat escaped, and the box was poured out, which alarmed the silverfish in the box. Strive to be strong, as evergreen and noble as a green pine. I will be leaving soon and ready to do something big.
Appreciation: The first two sentences of the opening show the poet's eagerness to return to the old land, which can be seen from the days of running around and the hat on his head is too late to wash. The ancients paid great attention to dressing up, and once served as an official in the imperial court, and the personality of Li Bai, who let Tang Xuanzong's favorite minister Gao Lishi take off his boots, can be said to be very proud.
It is impossible for such a personality not to pay attention to dressing up, and the reason why he described it is enough to see how much Li Bai's heart is looking forward to and yearning for it at this moment. The word "Ping" here is also a tongkan character, through "Ping", and the three words "Yerba Buena Ping" can imagine how unusual this scene is, as if it is not winter, more like early spring.
The poem uses a step-by-step depiction of changing scenery, depicting the scene of his step by step descending from the mountain to his former residence. And if you want to sum up this scene in one word, the most appropriate word is an "old" word, and this "old" word does not show the meaning of being worn out, but on the contrary, there is a sense of closeness, and it is precisely because of the familiarity with the mountain that there will be this sense of closeness to all things.
Like rats escaping on the bed and dense insects on the bookshelf, all these scenes are dilapidated in the eyes of ordinary people, but the author does not show the slightest disgust, but eagerly wants to return here, because this quiet and comfort is impossible to bring to him by the hustle and bustle of the world. But in the end, he still did not choose to stay here, he knew that he always had to do something for the country and the people, and only then did he have the final finishing touch.
The finishing touch of this poem is the second sentence: "A vine path is green, and ten thousand snow peaks are clear." "It gives the breath of vitality in winter, and to say that the most beautiful moment of snow is the moment when the sky is sunny, just as it is written in "Qinyuan Spring", "On a sunny day, look at the silver wrapped, extremely charming." "How can such a beautiful spring snow scene come into view of the reader?
The third sentence is different from the first two sentences, if the first two sentences are deliberately selected by the author, then this sentence is a common scene in winter. The fourth sentence returns to the scene that is not common in winter, and how beautiful the scenery around the house is, so that people think that it is not in winter, but in the vibrant spring.
One of the most ingenious words in this poem is "篁", the original meaning of "篁" refers to bamboo, and from the structure of this word, it can be seen that there is a "huang" word under a bamboo word. Bamboo is originally indomitable, and the emperor in bamboo is naturally even more so, and the author does not use the word "bamboo" instead of the word "篁", which is enough to see his desire for political career and unswerving ideals and goals. Although it is cold and frozen, it exudes a lot of life, and this is probably the charm of the old mountain!
The last two sentences of the picture suddenly turned, from the outside of the house to the inside of the house, unlike the winter scenery full of life outside the house, the house is so dilapidated, but in the author's pen, as if everything is so natural, as if nothing has changed. Perhaps the author never cared about his living conditions, but had the same as Du Fu's "Ande Guangsha tens of millions of rooms, shelter the world and the cold people are happy!" " mentality.
From the beautiful scenery outside the house to the dilapidated old scene inside the house, the author's heart does not seem to have a little fluctuation, in his heart has always had the ambition to cultivate the country, "washing the brick" and "knocking bamboo" is a real or false referent to this we have no way to know, but we can see from it that the author will not stay here too much, he wants to go to a sacred place to realize his ideals.
Where is this place? It is the Taoist famous mountain Sanqing Mountain, "Sanqing" refers to the Sanqing Holy Land, which is the location of the three gods in Taoism. The ancestor of Taoism, Lao Tzu, and the emperor of the Tang Dynasty are the same surname, so in the Tang Dynasty, Taoism was highly respected, so the Sanqing here is naturally not a real reference, but a reference to the imperial court, from here it is not difficult to see Li Bai's determination and perseverance to do something big.
Our impression of Li Bai is sentimental, he is born with a good temperament, like to play in the mountains, but does not want to be a person who only knows how to eat, drink and have fun, so he chose his career. Unlike ordinary people, he did not (or could not) choose the imperial examination, but used the "Ultimate South Shortcut" road. As a result, "Asagiri Tianshe Lang, Twilight Ascended to the Heavenly Son Hall." Unfortunately, with his outspoken and eclectic personality, he naturally could not serve as an official in the DPRK, and in the end he could only end up with a "far away from the rivers and lakes".
From Li Bai's poems, we can see his dashing optimism and enthusiasm, just as the sentence goes: "The ruins of the cruel winter have not faded the enthusiasm in his heart, because his heart has always been permeated with a bright light, warm and exuding a hot breath!" ”
Li Bai is known as the "Poetry Immortal", grew up in the Central Plains, should have been a foreign race, but he has a full passion for this land, and the most described in his poems is the scenery of Shuzhong, even if the Shu Dao is difficult, he will come again and again, and each time has a different feeling!