The cultural relics unearthed in Sanxingdui that impressed the world the most were those bronze masks and statues with strange shapes and wild exaggerations and delicate realism.
In the sacrificial pit of Sanxingdui, archaeologists excavated hundreds of bronze artifacts, as well as a large number of bronze figures, human faces, animal faces and bronze human heads. These are the largest and largest groups of bronze statues ever found in China. These precious cultural relics include bronze longitudinal figures, bronze statues, bronze sacred trees, golden scepters, golden masks and so on. Among other relics in China, I have never seen similar excavated cultural relics, and such a unique style of cultural relics with vivid colors has made experts and scholars gag for a while. What kind of civilization is the Sanxingdui civilization, is it derived from the Chinese civilization or another new civilization independent of the Chinese civilization, or is it an ancient civilization from the West?
The reason why experts cannot give conclusions is mainly because the cultural relics unearthed at Sanxingdui are quite different from the Central Plains civilization, such as golden scepters, bronze masks, bronze sacred trees, etc. Because in the Xia Shang and previous Chinese civilizations that we already know, there are no cultural relics of similar style unearthed. As a result, many experts began to wonder whether the Sanxingdui civilization came from the Two Rivers civilization, or even the Egyptian civilization. Because the scepters and masks unearthed from Sanxingdui have certain similar elements to extraterritorial civilizations.
The civilization of the Two Rivers Basin has lasted for thousands of years, forming a systematic royal power logo such as crown and crown belt, and the gold crown belt and gold mask unearthed by Sanxingdui also point to a high concentration of social resources, reflecting the symbolization of royal power, and the golden staff is also commonly found in Egypt and the Two Rivers civilization. In addition, the stone sculpture of King Gilgamesh praying to the Tree of Life found in Sumerian archaeology has a certain similarity with the bronze sacred tree of Sanxingdui, especially their branches are curved downwards. And the bronze sun-shaped vessel excavated from Sanxingdui has a high similarity with the pattern representing the sun in ancient Egyptian murals.
However, these are some experts speculate, not convincing strong evidence, on the contrary, other experts insist that the Sanxingdui civilization is not from Western civilization, but has a high inheritance with The Chinese civilization, can be seen as a branch of the Chinese civilization, but due to unknowable factors and eventually dying out.
Why do these experts believe that the Sanxingdui civilization is a branch of the Central Plains civilization in China? From the discovery of the Sanxingdui site in 1929 and the beginning of excavation until now, the archaeological excavation of Sanxingdui has lasted for almost a hundred years, and countless precious cultural relics have been unearthed before and after. We can't just stare at some individual unknown artifact and make arbitrary judgments. In fact, Sanxingdui has also unearthed more cultural relics that are closely related to the Central Plains civilization.
According to the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Peking University, the Sanxingdui carbon chip samples were analyzed using carbon 14-year detection methods, and the chronological distribution range was preliminarily determined, and the site of the first phase of the Sanxingdui site was 4,000 to 4,800 years old, equivalent to the Longshan culture period; the Sanxingdui Phase II site was 3,200 to 4,000 years old, equivalent to the Central Plains Xia Shang period; and the Sanxingdui Phase III site was 2,600 to 3,200 years old, equivalent to the late Yin Shang period to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.
The initiation of Chinese civilization is jade, which is the most fundamental difference between Chinese civilization and other foreign civilizations, and the jade complex of Chinese descendants has been continued to this day, and jade has always been an indelible spiritual sustenance for Chinese descendants. If you want to study Chinese civilization, jade cultural relics are the most core research breakthrough.
The cultural relics excavated from Sanxingdui are mainly bronze and jade. For example, the Dragon and Tiger Zun unearthed from Sanxingdui and the Dragon and Tiger Zun unearthed from the Yue'er River in Funan, Central Plains, actually have amazing consistency in height and appearance. Some of the more common jade objects such as Yu chun, yu ge, yu zhang, and yu chun show a high degree of consistency with the Liangzhu culture in the Yellow River Basin and even the Yangtze River Basin. From these, it can be seen that there is a high connection between the Sanxingdui civilization and the Central Plains civilization. It was just that at that time, Sanxingdui may have been slightly influenced by civilizations from West Asia and South Asia, and it has embarked on a development direction independent of the Civilization of the Central Plains. However, one thing that cannot be ignored is that the Sanxingdui civilization actually originated from the Central Plains civilization and can even be regarded as a historical branch of Chinese civilization.
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