Author: Huang Min
Nutritionist of Zheng'an County Health Hospital in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province
"China Clinical Nutrition Network" contracted dietitian
Professional expertise: maternal, infant nutrition. Curious about what you have learned, interested in it, learned well, and guarded a healthy life.
The author often meets parents who consult their children's height in the outpatient clinic, and today it is summarized into 31 questions and answers for your reference.
01 When is the height of the child the critical period?
It is 0 to 3 years old, and puberty.
02 Is a child's height affected by genes?
Seven points are destined, and three points depend on hard work.
03What do you rely on when you work hard?
Nutrition, growth hormone, vitamin D, exercise, etc.
04 How much should it grow per year?
25 cm in the first year, 10 cm in the second year, 8 cm in the third year, and 5 to 7 cm until puberty.
05 What should I do if it does not grow according to the appeal standard?
It is recommended to go to the hospital to check related underlying diseases such as congenital heart disease, hereditary short stature, etc., and treat them symptomatically.
06 How can I grow tall?
The intake of milk (rich in calcium), vitamin D (to promote the absorption of calcium), and calcium-containing foods, etc., are the best choice for children, and children are willing to eat is the best food;
Guarantee good sleep quality (conducive to the secretion of growth hormone);
Moderate exercise (conducive to the deposition of calcium).
other
07 What is sleep measured by?
Look at sleep time, sleep quality.
08 What kind of sleep means sleeping well?
Fall asleep quickly, not easily awake, and wake up refreshed.
09 What should be the bedtime?
Newborns 0 to 3 months: 14 to 17 hours
4 to 11 months: 12 to 15 hours
1 to 2 years old: 11 to 14 hours
3 to 5 years old: 10 to 13 hours
6 to 13 years old: 9 to 11 hours
10 What's wrong with not sleeping soundly?
Lack of security.
Calcium deficiency, vitamin D deficiency.
Milk fetish. Habits are formed slowly.
Children are sensitive to the neurodevelopment of the head, and at night the child will scratch and scratch the head.
During early childhood, children will have patchwork daytime fragments to emerge in subconscious dreams during sleep.
The temperature of the room can not be ignored.
11 Is it calcium deficiency when your child has occipital baldness?
Not necessarily, it may be caused by long-term friction when the child sleeps, or it may be a lack of vitamin D, you should take the child to the hospital for examination in time, do not blindly supplement calcium.
12 What should I do if my child's calf hurts at night?
May be a loss of protein and trace elements and vitamins. Leg cramps, the child will be woken up by pain, the lack of electrolyte magnesium is also easy to induce leg cramps, remember to eat magnesium-containing foods, such as whole grains, beans, dark vegetables, etc., but also pay attention to the child's sleeping posture.
13What should the sleeping position look like?
Supine position. Your child may roll over in his sleep, but don't "fix" your baby's sleeping position.
14 What season is the best time for a child to grow taller?
Spring is 2 to 2.5 times the size of autumn and winter, and everything grows, but this is only for areas with four distinct seasons.
15 How much calcium does my child need to consume per day?
0 to 6 months : 200 mg per day
7 to 12 months: 250 mg per day
600 mg per day from 1 to 3 years old
800 mg per day from 4 to 7 years old
1000 mg per day from 7 to 10 years old
1200 mg per day for 11 to 13 years old
16 Which is better, medicine or food?
People rely on food to supplement nutrients, and the main source of nutrients is food.
17 What foods can supplement calcium?
The best source of calcium is milk, and vegetables, soy products, seafood, etc. are also sources of calcium.
18 How much milk should I consume per day?
0 to 6 months on demand breastfeeding, 7 to 12 months for 600 ml of 4 to 6 times, 13 to 36 months for 500 ml, 4 years to 5 years old 350 ~ 500 ml, this is the recommended dose, if the child in a specific period of growth rate, need to make an adjustment in the amount of milk, after all, milk is the best choice for calcium.
19What kind of calcium is suitable for children?
Don't make up for it, go to the hospital for a physical examination, and judge whether the child's height is normal according to the growth curve.
20 What is the time of the medical examination?
Once every year after 42 days, 3 months, June, August, December, August, 24 months, 42 days, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months, 3 months,
21 Kids are short in height, try growth hormone?
No. Normal height or shortness, the doctor will not recommend, because growth hormone has side effects, such as: high blood pressure, hypoglycemia and so on.
22 What kind of sports are conducive to growing taller?
Jumping sports, jumping rope, high jumping, running movements stimulate limb bone development, whole-body sports basketball, volleyball, swimming, etc.
23 Exercise should be different at every age, right?
yes!
6 months ago: Lie down more, look up more.
6 months to 1 year old: turn over, crawl, sit.
1 to 2 years old: practice walking, climbing slides, playing football.
2 to 3 years old: up and down stairs, shooting ball, pitching, toddler gymnastics, balance bike.
4 to 6 years old: outdoor games such as dancing, throwing handkerchiefs, playing eagles and catching chickens, etc.
6 years old and above: Jumping sports such as basketball, skipping rope, swimming, badminton, etc.
24 How to pay attention to nutrition?
It's good to be nutritionally balanced.
25 What to do to achieve nutritional balance?
12 kinds of food per day, 25 kinds of food per week, the color should be bright, the variety should be complete: including fresh fruits, vegetables, cereals and potatoes, meat, eggs and poultry, soybean nuts and milk, oil and salt.
To do: food diversification, plant food, animal food as a supplement, less oil, salt and sugar.
26 What should I do if my child likes to run around when eating?
Habits are formed for a long time, and parents should patiently guide and cultivate correct eating habits.
27 Sources of Vitamin D?
The vitamin D in infants and young children mainly comes from the transport of mother and fetus, vitamin D in food, and the light synthesis of the skin.
28 What are the causes of vitamin D deficiency?
Insufficient sunshine.
The growth rate is fast and needs to be increased.
Inadequate intake of vitamin D in foods.
Disease effects.
other.
29 Food Sources of Vitamin D?
Vitamin D is lower in natural foods, and a small number of animal foods such as cod liver oil, marine fish, liver, egg yolks, cream and cheese are higher in vitamin D, which is also the main dietary source of vitamin D, lean meat, nuts, breast milk and cow milk are lower in vitamin D.
30 When will my child start vitamin AD supplementation?
The baby begins to replenish until 3 years of age 15 days after birth.
31How much do I need to replenish?
Full-term infants have a daily vitamin D400 IU, preterm infants with a birth weight greater than 1500 g, oral vitamin D400LU per day, a maximum of 1000 IU per day, and after 3 months, change to vitamin D400'800 IU per day. This is the recommended dose, if the child grows fast, consider increasing the dose as appropriate, but should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
A reasonable diet and balanced nutrition are the keys to growth, do you remember?
bibliography:
1. Chinese Nutrition Society, Reference Intake of Dietary Nutrients for Chinese Residents, Beijing, Science Press, 2013 edition
2. Wang Weiping, Sun Kun, Chang Liwen, Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Medical Publishing House, Ninth Edition
3. Expert Committee on The Preparation of Books for the National Health Professional And Technical Qualification Examination, Chinese Nutrition, Beijing, People's Medical Publishing House, 2019
4. Chinese Nutrition Society, Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents, Beijing, People's Medical Publishing House, 2016