Cover news reporter Wang Xianglong Zeng Jie Dai Zhuxin
On the evening of January 31, Zhang Guoli and Ran Honglin, director of the Sanxingdui Archaeological Research Institute, displayed the cultural relics unearthed by Samsung on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Tiger on CCTV, reproducing the style of ancient Shu. This time, the "new" is the Sanxingdui bronze mask. The large bronze mask is 131 cm wide, 71 cm high, 66 cm deep, and weighs 131 pounds, which is the largest and well-preserved large bronze mask excavated at the Sanxingdui site.
A large bronze mask that bursts out of the circle
The bronze mask fire "out of the circle" is loved by netizens. On February 1, the first day of the Lunar New Year, the Sanxingdui Museum was favored by tourists. Cover news reporter in the sanxingdui museum of the bronze hall, saw a variety of highly skilled bronze masks, the New Year exhibition, together to see these bronze masks.
On the first day of the Chinese New Year, tourists watched the exhibition in an orderly manner.
At present, in the exhibition hall of the Bronze Museum of Sanxingdui Museum, there is a bronze mask hall on display, focusing on the longitudinal mask, the crowned longitudinal mask and the extra-large mask, and the "bronze mask" family looks forward to meeting you.
1. Bronze longitudinal mask
The bronze longitudinal mask is 66 cm high, 138 cm wide and 85 cm thick, and belongs to the Shang Dynasty. Among the many bronze masks unearthed in Sanxingdui, the most peculiar and magnificent is this bronze longitudinal mask with the reputation of "dry eyes" and "tailwind ears". Its image features are: the tip of the eyebrow is raised, the eyes are obliquely long, the eyeball is extremely exaggerated, and the columnar forward longitudinal convex protrudes up to 16 cm; the ears are fully extended to the sides; the short nose bridge, the nose wing is bull-like upwardly rolled inward; the mouth is wide and deep, and the slit is deep and long, as if slightly exposing the tip of the tongue, making a mysterious smile. There is a hole in the middle of its forehead, which may have been originally cast with exquisite forehead ornaments, and it is conceivable that its original overall image should be more exquisite and majestic.
Bronze longitudinal mask
The surreal shape makes the statue appear to be majestic, and its mysterious tranquility and majesty give people a strong sense of intimidation. Is it a god or the supreme of men? The most puzzling thing is that his exaggerated eyes and ears are symbols of his supernatural ability to see thousands of miles and hear in all directions? Ancient texts record that the image characteristic of the silkworm bush of the ancestor of the Shu people is "its eyes and vertical".
In ancient Chinese mythology, there is also a human-faced snake body, the heavenly god Candle Dragon who controls the heavens and the earth, and its image feature is "straight eyes and positive multiplication", that is, "straight eyeballs". The basis for the statue of the longitudinal mask is likely related to the image of the silkworm bush and the candle dragon recorded in ancient history. The bronze crowned longitudinal mask excavated from the pit may be more closely related to the myth of the "candle dragon".
It is reported that at present, in addition to the general belief that it represents the silkworm bush of the ancestor of the Shu people, there are still several different opinions: either it should be a beast mask, or that the large ears extended left and right by the mask are the wings of the cuckoo bird, and its image should be the idol of Du Yu, the fourth generation of Shu kings who were soulized into cuckoo birds after death in ancient history and legend, or think that it is the image of the sun god, and so on. We tend to think that this mask is neither a simple "human face" nor a pure "beast mask", but an image shape of the same form of man and god, the unity of man and god, the huge volume, extremely exaggerated eyes and ears are to strengthen its divinity, it should be the ancestor god statue of the ancient Shu people.
2. Bronze wearing a crown longitudinal mask
The bronze crown longitudinal mask is 77.4 cm wide and 82.5 cm high, and belongs to the Shang Dynasty. Fang Yi, inverted figure-of-eight knife eyebrows, mask eyes in a columnar convexity, protruding forward about 10 cm, eagle hook nose, wide mouth, jaw slightly forward, both ears fully spread to the sides, the square hole in the middle of the forehead is recast a 70 cm high dragon-shaped forehead ornament. The dragon head is connected to the bridge of the nose, and the body of the dragon is raised high, forming an overall shape with the animal face. The dragon has a ring on each side of the body, with an inner roll of the tail, knife-shaped feathers, and single wing roots. The cross-section of the mask is in the shape of a "U", the eyes and ears are cast by inlay casting, and the dragon-shaped forehead ornament between the foreheads is recast, which is to cast the body first, and then recast the attachments.
Bronze wearing a crowned longitudinal mask
It is reported that when the mask was unearthed, the eyes and eyebrows were still painted with color, and the lips were coated with cinnabar. Its overall modeling imagery is mysterious and mysterious, and the style is majestic and gorgeous, which is quite prominent in various character images of Sanxingdui. It is generally believed that the eyes of the mask are roughly in line with the historical records about the "longitudinal eyes" of the shu ancestor silkworm bushes. It is also believed that "vertical eye" should mean "vertical eye", that is, like the eye in the forehead of the ancient Chinese mythological figure Erlang God, its image may be an ancestral god statue. Or in connection with the shape of the dragon-shaped forehead ornament, it is believed that it is related to the mythical "human head dragon (snake) body" and "straight-eyed and positive" of the god candle dragon.
Sanxingdui New Year is very popular
3. Bronze man mask
Bronze man mask
The bronze man mask is 37 .8cm wide, 25.5 cm high and 0.4 cm thick. Belongs to the Shang Dynasty. On both sides of the mask there is a cast square perforation on both sides. The face is rectangular with a slightly wider upper end. Fold the left side inward. There are two perforations in the front of the lower jaw and one perforation on each lateral edge. The eyebrows, orbits, and eyeballs are painted in black. The right cheek, eye area and surroundings, the corners of the mouth and the right forehead have scattered blue-green rust. The right nose wing rusts blue-white, and there is a blue-green rust the size of a green bean in the lower recess of the tip of the left nose. On the left side of the face, there is rust in the middle and upper part of the eye, below the inner corner of the eye, in the middle of the eyebrow and at the corner of the left mouth, which is blue-white and has a deeper layer of rust. The outer contour of the left and right auricular tips has a loose blue-green rust layer. The back of the utensil has blue-green surface etched rust, which is widely distributed.
4. Bronze mask
The bronze mask is rectangular in face and slightly wider in the upper end. There is a perforation on each side of the posterior margin of the lower jaw, and a perforation on each side of the forehead near the tip of the eyebrow. The eyebrows and orbits are painted black, the seams are coated with cinnabar, and the cheekbones on each side are raised with a length and width of 1.5 cm, and are coated with black paint.
Bronze mask
It is reported that during the Spring Festival, under the premise of normalizing the prevention and control of the epidemic, sanxingdui museum created a strong new year flavor of ancient Shu yayun to welcome tourists from all over the world. Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger to Sanxingdui Museum to find the tiger, inlaid turquoise copper tiger, copper tiger shaped ware, gold leaf tiger ornament, pottery tiger... They are all exhibited in the general hall; bronze kneeling portraits, bronze statues with birds, gold masks, sacred tree pattern jade and other newly excavated cultural relics of sanxingdui sites are all "new" in the open cultural relics protection and restoration hall.