This article is transferred from: Chengdu Daily
Sleeping for thousands of years, waking up shocked the world. In 1986, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Deyang Guanghan, Sanxingdui No. 1 and No. 2 sacrifice pits were discovered by archaeology, and an ancient and mysterious civilization seemed to emerge from the sky, sensationalizing the world. Bronze masks with wide eyes and wide mouths, bronze erectors with high noses and big ears, and golden masks with brilliant colors are magical and mysterious, as if they were real, and have never been seen before. Through unique creations, the ancestors of the ancient Shu tried to channel the spirit of heaven and earth and yearn to travel the universe. Among the stars of Chinese civilization, the ancient Shu civilization is the most mysterious one.
A few days ago, after nearly 5 months of upgrading and transformation, the bronze hall of Sanxingdui Museum reopened. Bronze longitudinal masks, bronze altars (fragments), bronze human heads... According to the new exhibition ideas, the bronze cultural relics of Sanxingdui with a majestic posture and a strict Weihesen are reproduced, reflecting the spiritual world of the ancestors of ancient Shu.
Bronze altar (fragments) In the exhibition area of "Susu Shrine", the bronze altar (fragments) is exhibited for the first time. Bronze altar (fragment) 1250-1100 BC, excavated in 1986 Sanxingdui No. 2 sacrifice pit. The height of the remnant is 53 cm, which can be divided into three layers: the lower floor is two sacred beasts; the middle floor is four human figures with a mountain-shaped seat on the top; and the upper floor is a square building, figures, birds and so on. As an important temple sacrifice artifact, the altar vividly expresses the ancient Shu ancestors' cognition of heaven and earth, nature and gods.
Imagine the restoration diagram
Experts said that although the original bronze altar was seriously damaged, the audience could understand the combination relationship and restoration basis of the relevant cultural relics through the original. At the same time as the fragments are exhibited, the museum is supplemented by multimedia means to lead the audience to interpret the structure and connotation of the altar.
Bronze longitudinal mask longitudinal mask, height 65 cm, width 138 cm. The tip of the eyebrow is raised, the eyes are obliquely long, and the eyeball is columnar and protruding forward up to 16 cm. The mouth is wide and deep, and the ears are fully spread to the sides, so it is also known as "clairvoyance" and "downwind ear". The surreal shape makes the statue appear to be majestic, and its mysterious tranquility and majesty give people a strong sense of intimidation. Is it a god or the supreme of men? The "Huayang Guozhi" records: "There is a Silkworm Bush of the Marquis of Shu, whose eyes are longitudinal, and he was first called a king..." In ancient Chinese mythology, there is also a human-faced snake body, a heavenly god candle dragon who controls the heavens and the earth, and its image feature is "straight eyes and positive multiplication", that is, "straight eyeballs". It has been suggested that the basis for the statue of the longitudinal mask is likely to be related to the images of silkworm bushes and candle dragons recorded in ancient history.
As one of the many bronze masks unearthed by Sanxingdui, the most peculiar and magnificent shape, the bronze longitudinal mask was previously placed on a booth of about 60 cm, after adjustment, the booth where the bronze longitudinal mask was placed was raised to 1 meter, and the audience's viewing angle changed from looking down to looking up, with the background of the starry sky pattern behind the mask, forming a spatial feeling of "we look up at the ancient Shu ancestors, the ancient Shu ancestors look up at the stars".
Before the renovation
After the renovation
Bronze man head bronze man head, a very representative type of bronze in the Sanxingdui civilization, Sanxingdui No. 1 and No. 2 pits have been excavated a number of pieces. In the past, the bronze human head portraits found mainly have two kinds of flat heads and round heads, flat heads with braided hair, round heads wearing hairpins, and blackened eyebrows. Bronze human heads are likely to have been used by the ancient Shu people for important occasions such as sacrifices, but there is still room for further discussion on their nature, function, and symbolism.
The two bronze human heads, with bronze heads facing backwards, were excavated from 1250 BC to 1100 BC, and the Sanxingdui No. 2 Sacrifice Pit was excavated in 1986. Bronze human head with hairpin, 1250-1100 BC, excavated in 1986 sanxingdui no. 2 sacrifice pit. To give the audience an understanding of the style and usage of bronze hairpins, to provide specific references, but also to get a glimpse of the stylistic aesthetics of the ancient Shu ancestors.
Every line is a trace. Every symbol has a meaning. Every time you look at each other, beyond words. The rebirth of each cultural relics of broken "soil" allows us to see the extraordinary imagination of the ancestors of ancient Shu, which are like stars and sprinkles all over the ancient Shu land. These exquisite bronzes not only reproduce the life scenes of the ancient Shu people, but also interpret their simple views of nature and cosmology, and also show their sonorous footsteps on the road of civilization.
Chengdu Daily Jinguan News Reporter Duan Zhen Intern Reporter Zeden Wangmu Responsible Editor He Qitie Editor Liu Yonghao Poster Production Zeden Wangmu Picture Duan Zhen