Terracotta Warriors and Horses, as we all know, refer to the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang, which is now a key cultural protection heritage in the world. Terracotta warriors are the funerary products of making soldiers and horses into servants.
Everyone has seen terracotta warriors in museums or on TV, but what you see is very different from what the terracotta warriors and archaeologists see, they see the terracotta warriors are different, "they see the colorful terracotta warriors!" And it's not unusual that we see cookie-cutter gray tones. The newly unearthed terracotta warriors are painted, so why don't we see them anymore? Did archaeologists sabotage it? Or is there something mysterious that cannot be made public?
In fact, the truth is not so complicated, this is related to the chemical reaction, the terracotta army was buried deep for more than two thousand years, because the oxygen under the ground is not so full, but once it is excavated, it is quickly oxidized, and the color disappears in tens of seconds, turning into gray powder, leaving only traces of painting.
The image comes from the Internet
In fact, the first terracotta warriors were martyred, is a kind of funerary system under the slave system, the most rampant era is the Yin Shang period, the officials and nobles are martyrs, from the excavation of the ancient tombs can be seen that the martyrdom, killing countless martyrs, it is conceivable that the scene at that time was extremely cruel.
In the Zhou Dynasty period, the emphasis was on "Mingde to protect the people" and suppress human martyrdom; in the Spring and Autumn Period, human martyrdom was revived! Until the Qin period, the system of human martyrdom was officially abolished. "Figurines" means human martyrdom, but later with the abolition of human martyrdom, "maid" gradually became a special name for stone carvings and portraits in funerary items, and the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses used "figurines" instead of human martyrdom, which also reached its peak.
Terracotta warriors are also hierarchical, mainly soldiers and military officials two categories, generally can be distinguished from the appearance of them: military officials wear crowns and soldiers do not wear crowns, and crowns are also divided according to different ranks. The largest number of pit figurines is the samurai figurine.
Car soldier figurines: Generally, there are two non-commissioned officers on the chariot, namely the left figurine and the right figurine of the car, wearing battle armor, and holding weapons in the left or right hand.
Standing Archery Figurine: A figurine wearing a battle robe and holding a crossbow.
Kneeling figurine: Like the standing figurine, holding a bow and crossbow, but the posture is different, it is a kneeling posture.
Samurai figurines: It is the main body of the army, divided into samurai in battle robes and samurai in armor, with an average height of about 1 meter and 8 meters.
Military warriors: The number of excavations is very small, and the status is lower than that of the general.
Cavalry figurines: lightly dressed, wearing a small round hat, leading a horse in one hand and holding a bow in the other.
Yu (yu) hand figurine: refers to the person driving the chariot.
The people who make terracotta warriors are generally the masses at the bottom of society, all of whom are craftsmen in pottery, and the production of terracotta figurines can generally be divided into three steps.
First, the general shape of the figurines made of mud is the coarse embryo.
Second, modify and portray details on the basis of the original.
3. Assemble the individually made head, hands and torso together to complete the production of the clay figurines.
After it is made, it is dried in the shade and put into a kiln of 1,000 degrees Celsius to be fired, and after waiting for the kiln, it can be painted to complete the production of the terracotta warriors. This is why the newly unearthed terracotta warriors are colorful.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses are known as the "Eight Wonders of the World", famous all over the world, are the treasures of the people's ancient spiritual civilization, have great significance for the study of history, and are the representatives of China's ancient civilization.