How many times did the "Five Kingdoms Attack Qin" have there been? Why didn't it seriously weaken the Qin state?
Warring States, an era of wars, and the Qin state became increasingly powerful after the Shang martingale transformation. At the same time, it also means that more enemies will be brought in, and the princely states of Chu, Qi, Yan, Wei, Zhao, and Korea have jointly attacked qin on many occasions. In 241 BC, the five princely states of Wei, Zhao, Korea, Chu and Yan decided to send troops to the Qin state after joint consultation, known in history as the "Five Kingdoms Attacking Qin". The war ended with the defeat of the Five Kingdoms, and from then on, the various princely states were even more unable to resist the annexation of the Qin State, and the Qin State also established a new dynasty by continuously annexing and eventually unifying the Six Kingdoms. Many people are curious, how many wars did the princely states in the Warring States period organize a total of several wars against Qin? Why can't many countries join forces to stop the annexation and expansion of the Qin state?
First of all, there are historical records that during the Warring States period, the princely states attacked the Qin state a total of five times. The first "Five Kingdoms Attacking Qin" war occurred in 318 BC, when the State of Qin was under the rule of King Huiwen of Qin, and the five kingdoms of Wei, Zhao, Korea, Chu, and Yan launched a war against the Qin State under the instigation of the famous Zongheng family Gongsun Yan, not only that, they also joined forces with the State of Yiqu next to the State of Qin to attack the State of Qin.
However, contrary to expectations, when the first attack on the Qin State, due to the wait-and-see attitude of the Yan and Chu countries, the armies of the other three countries were trapped at Hangu Pass and were hit by the Qin State, suffering heavy casualties, and the first Five Kingdoms attack on Qin ended. Subsequently, the princely states soon launched the second Five Kingdoms attack on Qin, but this time the participating countries were different from the last time, this time mainly the three kingdoms of Qi, Korea, and Wei. The state of Qin was during the reign of King Zhaoxiang of Qin. Even though the number of participating countries was not as great as the last time, because the qi state was very powerful at that time, the three-nation alliance army still marched into Hangu Pass in a big way. This invasion also caused the Qin state at that time to have to cede some of the cities and pools to take the initiative to seek peace, which was very rare in that era.
In 287 BC, the third Five Kingdoms attack on Qin took place under the impetus of Su Qin, this time the Five Kingdoms were Qi, Zhao, Wei, Han, and Yan, and they once again launched a large army to attack Hanguguan in the Qin state. In this war, the two sides did not launch a frontal attack, but after the Qin state returned some of the cities of the Wei and Zhao states, the five-nation alliance chose to withdraw its troops; after the Battle of Changping, in 247 BC, the fifth five-kingdom attack on Qin occurred, when the monarch of the Qin state happened to be The King of Qinzhuang. The armies of the Five Kingdoms achieved a preliminary victory at Handan, the capital of the State of Zhao, and after that, the monarch of the State of Wei, Wei Wuji, once again united the five states of Wei, Zhao, Korea, Chu, and Yan to attack Qin, and they won another victory. However, because the Qin state was firmly defending the Hangu Pass, the armies of the five kingdoms had to choose to retreat.
During the reign of Ying Zheng in 241 BC, the princely states launched a fifth attack on the State of Qin. This was also the last time that the princely states jointly attacked the Qin state, this time the five countries were Zhao, Chu, Wei, Han, and Yan. This time it ended with the defeat of the Five Kingdoms, and since then, the princely states have been unable to resist the annexation of the Qin state. For the princely states, although they attacked five times, they did not get the desired results, and the large number did not guarantee the victory of the war.
In the end, even if the five kingdoms army won two victories, they did not seriously weaken the strength of the Qin state. Moreover, for the other countries in the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, they did not have the confidence that they could destroy the Qin State. The reason for this is first because the strength of the Qin State at that time can not be underestimated, and the Hangu Pass in the territory of the Qin State is easy to defend and difficult to attack, the road is far away, and after the princely states have traveled a long way, the supplies in life are obviously insufficient, and at this point the Qin State has an absolute advantage.
In terms of reasons, on the one hand, the Qin state itself is relatively strong, Hangu Pass is easy to defend and difficult to attack, while the princely states are laboring expeditions, and the logistics supply is obviously not as convenient as the Qin state. The second is because the six kingdoms of Shandong are not united, just as the State of Yan and the State of Qi are very far away from the State of Qin, so their enthusiasm is not as high as that of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Zhao, and Han. And there were also frequent wars between the six kingdoms, such as after the Battle of Changping, the Yan state attacked the Zhao state on a large scale, and so on, and there are many such examples. This gave the Qin state an opportunity, and in the late Warring States period, the Qin king Yingzheng destroyed the Zhao, Chu, Wei, Korea, Yan, and Qi states one by one, and established the first feudal unified dynasty, the Qin Dynasty. The Warring States period also ended.
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