Where was the original ancestral home of the Yin tribe?
In the ancient period of legend, in the whole territory of present-day Shandong and its adjacent areas of eastern Henan, northern Jiangsu, northeastern Anhui, southern Hebei and Liaodong Peninsula, there were many large and small tribes active, collectively known as the "Dongyi Tribe". Among them, there are 24 clans such as the Feng (Feng) tribe, the Jiang surname tribe, the Yin surname tribe, the Yao surname tribe, etc., forming a huge complete clan tribal society mainly with phoenix birds as totems.
The people of the Yin tribe lived in ancient Yiyi, in the area of present-day Laiwu, Shandong. The leader of the tribe is Boyi. Bo Yi was a descendant of Shao Hao, the leader of the Dongyi Tribal Alliance, and was born in Feiyi, Shandong, which was the territory of Shaohao. During the Dayu era, Boyi served as a consul and prime minister. He is the ancestor of the surname Ying. One of his sons was named Da Lian and the other was named Wakaki. Ruomu's descendant, Sun Zhaofu, was the driving master of King Mu of Zhou, and was later enfeoffed at Zhao Cheng (赵城, in Hongdong, Shanxi). The father became the ancestor of the Zhao surname. The descendants of Da Lian, The Ancestor of the Qin Dynasty, were killed by King Wu of Zhou for serving the King of Shang, and his clan was forced to move west to Longxi, Gansu.
The origin of the Qin people and the origin of the Qin state
Who are the ancestors of the Qin people? She was a woman named Nun, who was the granddaughter of a descendant of Mo Mo. Who is her husband? I don't know. When the nun was weaving cloth, a swallow flew over her head and dropped an egg, and the nun picked it up and ate it into her stomach, so she became pregnant and gave birth to a son called Daye.
Daye's wife is called Nuhua, and she is the daughter of Shaodian. The daughter gave birth to a son called Dafei. When Da Fei grew up, he assisted Dayu in controlling the water and made great achievements. Dayu admired Da Fei very much and introduced him to Di Shun. Emperor Shun not only personally acted as a matchmaker, making a beautiful woman surnamed Yao his wife, but also gave him the surname of Yin. Da fei is Bo Yi, the ancestor of the Ying clan. Da fei also had a skill, he could tame birds and beasts, manage grass and trees, and Emperor Shun sent him to be in charge of livestock rearing.
Da Fei gave birth to two sons, the eldest son was called Da Lian, and the younger son was called Ruomu. One of Da Lian's descendants was a man named Evil Lai, who and his father, Wei Lian, were both favored ministers of the Shang Dynasty, and when King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang, he also shot Evil Lai to death. Evil Lai's father escaped the disaster because he went to the north, but he was loyal to the King of Lu, and when he returned, he heard that the King of Lu was dead, so he lay in a sarcophagus at Huo Taishan and died. The Qinghua Zhujian said that Yu Lian fled to Shanggai and was later killed by King Chengwang of Zhou during his crusade against Shanggai.
After King Wu of Zhou killed Evil Lai, he ordered that the people of the Evil Lai clan be exiled from Shandong to Tianshui, Gansu. In the beginning, the descendants of the evil came to live a life of hardship and bitterness, until a prominent figure was produced, which brought this Ying clan back to life.
This man's name is Feizi. He is good at raising horses. The locals were convinced of his ability and told King Xiao of Zhou about it. King Xiao of Zhou asked him to lead his people to breed horses in Xigouqiu (southwestern Gansu). Horses were an important means of transport and warfare at that time. Feizi lived up to expectations and provided a large number of good horses for the Zhou Dynasty. King Xiao of Zhou said that in the past, Boyi had a credit for breeding livestock for Emperor Shun, so he got a fief and obtained a surname. Now that his descendants have also made great contributions to taming horses for me, I will also divide the land among the non-sons and let him be a vassal state. Therefore, King Xiao of Zhou gave him qin land and asked him to continue the sacrifice of the Yin clan and press the trumpet. This is the origin of the Qin state. Feizi became the first monarch of the Qin state.
Around 900 BC, Feizi built the first capital city of Qinyi ,秦川宫, in Tianshui. However, at that time, the Qin Land was very small, with a radius of less than fifty miles, and Fei Zi was not among the doctors of the Zhou Dynasty. It was not until 770 BC, after Duke Xiang of Qin ascended the throne, that he was made a prince because of his merits in escorting the King of Zhou Ping to move east, and he was given the land west of Qishan. Later, The Duke Mu of Qin and the Duke wen of Qin completely pacified the Twelve Kingdoms of Xirong, obtained thousands of miles of land, and became one of the "Five Hegemons of spring and autumn". Thailand grew stronger and stronger, constantly moving eastward, with both culture and martial arts, and finally set its capital in Xianyang. In 221 BC, King Yingzheng of Qin completed the great cause of unifying the Six Kingdoms and established the first centralized feudal dynasty in Chinese history.
Was the ancestor of the Qin people, Boyi, a descendant of the Yellow Emperor?
According to Sima Qian's "Five Emperors Benji", Shao Yu (昊), Huan Huan (颛顼), and Boyi were all in the yellow emperor's vein. Shao Hao was the son of the Yellow Emperor, Emperor Huan was the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, and Bo Yi was a descendant of Emperor Huan, who naturally belonged to the lineage of the Yellow Emperor.
However, many scholars disagree with this statement, believing that Shaoyu, Huan, and Boyi all belonged to the Dongyi tribe and were a faction of their own, not in line with the Yellow Emperor. The Yellow Emperor belonged to the Heluo tribe. The former lived in the east, in present-day Shandong; the latter in the west, in present-day Shaanxi. If it is said that even if the Yellow Emperor later included Dongyi in his territory, it does not mean that he became a blood relationship with Shao wei. As the leader of the "Boyi Tribe" in the Dongyi tribe, Bo Yi may have a blood relationship with Shao Hao and Huan Huan.
Various historical materials of the pre-Qin Dynasty, including the "Records of History", have different accounts of the ancient imperial system, and they are often contradictory and untrustworthy. Even Sima Qian himself said: When he compiled the "Benji of the Five Emperors", because the age of the Five Emperors was already a long time ago, and the deeds of the Yellow Emperor narrated by various families were very rough, he could only choose to compile them on the basis of the mutilated history books such as "Shang Shu", "Spring and Autumn", "Chinese", and "Imperial Family Names", as well as the legends of different accounts from the investigation and visit. Obviously, when Sima Qian compiled the "Records of History", he carried a certain tendency.
Here's a simple example:
The "History of Qin Benji" says: "Before Qin, the Miao descendants of Emperor Huan were Sun Yue nuns. Female nun weaving, xuanbird meteorite egg, female nun swallowing, giving birth to a great cause. Daye married The Son of Shaodian, Known as Nuhua. ”
Historia. It is recorded in the Book of the Five Emperors that Shaodian was the father of the Yellow Emperor, and That emperor was the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. This question arises: The nun is a descendant of The Nun, and how can the nun's son Daye marry the daughter of Shaodian, Nuhua? There are several generations between Daye and Nuhua. Even if there was no ethics at that time, there was a huge difference in age after all.
The most obvious feature that distinguishes the Yellow Emperor tribal group from the Dongyi tribal group is the totem worship, and whether the Qin people are descendants of the Yellow Emperor also seems to use totem worship as the standard.
The totem that the Yellow Emperor tribal group had earlier worshipped was the bear, because the Yellow Emperor was born in the bear country. Later, after the Yellow Emperor defeated Xuan You and unified the Central Plains, the Yellow Emperor considered that the bear's appearance was more fierce, and used the dragon as a totem.
The totems worshipped by the Dongyi tribal group are mainly birds. For example, the clans under their jurisdiction are named after birds, such as the Hong bird clan, the wind bird clan, the Xuan Bird clan, and the Blue Bird clan. The tribe with the surname Yin takes the Xuan bird as the totem, the Xuan bird is the swallow, and its deified form is the phoenix bird. "The bird falls on the egg, the nun swallows it, and gives birth to a great cause." The Qin people not only have the myths and legends of ancestors swallowing bird eggs and giving birth to children, but also several ancestors of the Qin people also have the remains of bird totems.
Bo Yi (Bai Feng) yi is Yan, the incarnation of Xuan Bird; Bai Yi's eldest son Da Lian is a bird custom; Da Lian Xuan Sun Meng Xi and Zhong Yan are both "bird body human words"; after Zhong Yan, Fei Lian (Fei Lian) legend is "its shape is like a bird and beast, the most popular". The Classic of Mountains and Seas. There is also a saying in the Hai Nei Jing that "there are winners, bird feet". These legends all prove that the ancestor of the Qin people, Boyi, is not a descendant of the Yellow Emperor, which means that the surname Yin does not belong to the Yellow Emperor's lineage.