King Wu cut down the Shang dynasty, destroyed the Shang, and unified the Central Plains, which is a story that Chinese is very familiar with. King Wu of Zhou, called Tianzi, divided the kingdoms, and laid the pattern of Huaxia. However, the King of Zhou was not the only king at that time, and there were at least two states that claimed to be kings, one was the State of Chu and the other was the State of Xu.
The story of the State of Chu is no stranger to everyone, and it has always been in opposition to the Central Plains, profoundly affecting the political structure of China, until Qin Shi Huang sent an army to destroy the State of Chu. And it was the descendants of the Chu state who destroyed Qin, and the blood of the Chu people always flowed with the genes of dominating the Central Plains.
In contrast, Xu Guo appeared to be obscure. It can be seen from the name of the country that the location of Xu Guo is in the area of present-day Xuzhou, between the Yellow River and the Huai River, and the land is fertile and is a traditional agricultural land. However, Xu Guo's problem also lies in such terrain.
There are no mountains and rivers in the Xuzhou area, it is easy to attack and difficult to defend, and there are enemies in the west, north and south directions, and the strategic position is very unfavorable. The later King of Chu was also because of the capital Pengcheng, he had been attacked from three sides by Liu Bei, Han Xin, and Yingbu, and although he had won many battles, he could not reverse the decline, and he had to kill himself after only one loss.
The geographical flaws of Pengcheng, also known as Xuzhou, were one of the main factors in the xiangyu tragedy. Xu Guo, who was more than a thousand years earlier than Xiang Yu, was slightly better, because at that time, southern Jiangsu was still a barbaric land, and there was no strong enemy, so that Xu Guo could concentrate on competing with the King of Zhou.
In terms of seniority, Xu Guo was even older than the Zhou Dynasty, and as early as the dayu era, Xu Guo's ancestor Boyi was Dayu's assistant. Bo Yi assisted Dayu in governing the water and managing the world, with both experience and prestige, and should have been the ideal candidate for the next Tianzi. But Dayu's son Qi broke the traditional Zen system and opened the family world.
That is to say, Xia Qi actually snatched Bo Yi's position as the Son of Heaven. And Bo Yi was born in the Dongyi clan, and there was a powerful tribal force behind him, so such a person naturally could not let Xia Qi use it with confidence. Xia Qi first asked him to be his own secretary, stabilize his emotions, and when the situation was stable, he would find an excuse to kill Bo Yi and eliminate this scourge forever.
The power of the Dongyi people is strong, and it is difficult to suppress them by force. In order to appease Dongyi, Xia Qi could only seal Dongyi's territory to Boyi's son Ruomu, which was Xu Guo. From here, Xuzhou has a history of five thousand years.
Whether it was Shang extinguishing Xia or Zhou extinguishing Shang, Xu Guo did not have much participation, after all, Xu Guo had a grudge against the Xia Dynasty, and there was no reason to fight for them. After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the princes surnamed Ji were divided into various places to strengthen their rule over the world. As a result, the unruly Xu Guo began to rub elbows with the Zhou Dynasty.
Xu Guo was the leader of Dongyi, and the surrounding 36 small states all embraced Xu Guo as his respect, controlling the entire downstream region of Huanghuai, far more powerful than the Qi, Lu and other states that later dominated for a while. The Zhou Dynasty repeatedly sent troops to aid Qilu and other states to prevent the harassment of Xu Guo and other Eastern Yi.
Xu also cooperated with the remnants of the Shang Dynasty in an attempt to restore Shang rule. King Xu Ju defeated the Zhou Dynasty army and chased it all the way to the Yellow River, becoming the most glorious record of the Xu Kingdom. King Xu Yan even took advantage of the Zhou King's western expedition to hit the capital of the Zhou Dynasty and almost took the old nest of the Zhou Dynasty.
However, this sneak attack finally made King Mu of Zhou make up his mind to relieve Xu Guo's troubles. The main force of the powerful Zhou army defeated the Xu army, forcing King Xu Yan to retire to the countryside, and the state of Xu was dismembered, demoted from a kingdom to a sub-state, two levels lower than qilu and other princely states, and has since collapsed.
In the next few hundred years, Xu Guo was no longer able to participate in the competition in the Central Plains, and became a melon-eating crowd for two weeks. As the State of Chu grew stronger, the territory of the State of Xu became smaller and smaller, and in the end it had to rely on the State of Chu in order to barely survive.
In order to contain the State of Chu, the State of Jin deliberately supported the State of Wu in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, but it was Xu Guo who was unlucky in the end. Under the rule of Lu Lu and the assistance of Wu Zixu and Sun Wu, the state of Wu soon developed into a powerful prince. In order to weaken the State of Chu, the State of Wu made the State of Xu the first target.
King Lu of Wu demanded that Xu Guo hand over the wu prince Who had taken refuge, Yu Yu and Zhan Yong, but Xu Guo not only did not listen, but also gave the two to the Chu state. Using this as an excuse, Yan Lu ordered Fu Cha to be the commander-in-chief, and Wu Zixu and Sun Wu to be the generals, and sent a large-scale army to attack xu guo.
It is also pitiful to say, Xu Guo is already a small soldier, where can he block the blow of the soldier Saint Sun Wu. Attacking from southern Jiangsu to the north, a horse Pingchuan, Xu Guo was unable to resist at all, and it did not take long to be attacked under the city of Xuzhou.
The monarch Zhang Yu tied himself up, pierced his face, and knelt outside the city gate with his wife, begging his husband to leave Xu Guo. However, Fu Cha did not agree, canceled the title of Xu Guo, and Xu Di was all incorporated into the State of Wu. This kingdom of Xu, which enjoyed 1649 and experienced 44 generations of kings, finally completely perished.
Fu Cha did not kill Zhang Yu and let them flee to the Chu State, which was a demonstration, because the next target of the Wu State was the Chu State. Many Xu people miss their homeland and change their surname to Xu, which is also the origin of the Xu surname.