The mainland is a big country of myopia, and the myopia rate after 80 and 90 is generally high. Many myopic young couples begin to worry that their next generation will not be able to get rid of myopia as much as they do.
Many kindergartens now often do routine vision screening for children. It is generally believed that the normal value of children's vision in small classes is 0.6, 0.8 in middle classes, and 1.0 in large classes, if it is lower than this value, it may be considered to be low vision. At the two sessions held a while ago, a committee member pointed out that many children wore glasses before going to primary school, so what exactly caused children to be myopic? Is myopia related to heredity? After the child is short-sighted, what should parents do to be scientific? Xiaobian has compiled the following for parents' reference.
When will my child develop normal vision?
When the child is born, the structure of the eyes seems to be the same as that of adults, but the vision is very poor, and even the first line of the eye chart cannot be recognized. After birth, vision is developed only when it is visually stimulated by the surrounding environment. By the age of three, the average development of vision is 0.6, and by the time he enters elementary school at the age of six, he has developed to the same 1.0 as an adult. If this process of development is hindered, the child's vision is not up to the level that should be at this age, it is amblyopia.
Do parents have myopia that will be passed on to their children?
Surveys have shown that both parents are highly myopic (generally referred to as more than 600 degrees), and the probability of myopia inherited to the baby is about 40%; if one of them is highly myopic, the probability of heredity can be reduced to 20%; but if the parents are low-degree myopia, the probability of inheritance is much smaller.
The above is the genetic odds, in the outpatient clinic, 3-6 years old myopia babies, due to genetic myopia accounted for about 10%. Some physicians have observed from thousands of medical records that children have myopia and astigmatism at the age of 5-10, so one or both of their parents have myopia, amblyopia, astigmatism and other eye diseases.
Therefore, excluding the reasons of the acquired environment, babies aged 3-6 years develop high myopia, and the cause of occurrence has a lot to do with heredity.
Children are short-sighted, which parents do wrong?
What should parents do after confirming that their child has myopia? Due to the lack of correct eye care knowledge, many parents have some misunderstandings and prejudices about myopia, and intervene in the myopia correction of their children accordingly. The following is a list of some of the misunderstandings and prejudices that often occur among parents.
Misconception 1: The child is still young and does not need glasses
Some parents worry that when their children wear glasses at a young age, they will be ridiculed by their peers, and they also think that if their children wear glasses for a long time, their myopia will deepen, and the glasses will never be taken off.
Truth: Whether or not the degree of myopia deepens has little to do with the glasses, but is caused by changes in the refractive state of the eyes themselves. Wearing glasses is to correct myopia, and wearing the right glasses itself does not cause myopia to occur, and glasses with the right degree can also effectively prevent the deepening of myopia. Both parents and children should face the wearing of glasses with a good attitude.
Misconception two: glasses do not need to be worn all the time
Some parents feel that children only need to wear glasses while listening to classes and looking at the blackboard, or when writing and reading, and they can not wear them in ordinary life.
Truth: The current mainstream view is that glasses need to be worn all the time, so as to obtain better visual quality. Only when the degree of myopia is particularly small (less than 200 degrees), the sharpness of seeing near is not affected, you can consider wearing glasses when looking at a distance, and not wearing them when looking close. If myopia is deep, you need to wear glasses at all times.
Misconception three: eye protection instrument can alleviate myopia
Now many merchants on the market under the banner that products can effectively alleviate or treat children's myopia, to parents to sell eye protection instruments, parents believe it, and buy it for their children at a high price.
Truth: In fact, this kind of eye protection device has a certain effect on eliminating eye fatigue, but it has no fundamental improvement effect on delaying myopia.
Misidentification 4: Refuse to dilating the child's pupils, and the pupils hurt the eyes
Some parents take their children to the hospital to check their vision, and when they hear the doctor say that they want to have a mydriasis examination, they are shaken. Some parents believe that their children are too young and that dilated pupils can hurt their eyes.
Truth: The role of the mydriatic drug itself is not the so-called "mydriasis", but plays another role - to paralyze the ciliary muscle. If you want to measure the true refractive state of the eye, you need to relax the ciliary muscles. Children's eyes are highly adjustable, and if they do not dilated their pupils, they may be able to detect too high degrees of myopia, or they may not have myopia themselves and the examination results will be myopia (pseudomyopia).
The pupils produced after mydriasis are dilated, and photophobia will occur, which are normal phenomena, parents do not need to worry, only need to avoid strong light after dilatation, do not use the eyes at close range.
Eye protection starts small:
1. Don't let your child read or watch TV for a long time too early, and don't let your child use the phone for a long time to play games.
2. Don't read or watch TV in a dark place or in a shaky car.
3. Eat a balanced diet and eat more foods that contain vitamin A or carotene.
4. When the sun is strong, help your child wear a sunhat or sunglasses to avoid direct eyes.
5. Have a vision check every six months or so.
The content of this book is worth every defender of visual health to understand and learn, and the road to visual training still has a long way to go, on the basis of mastering the existing principles and methods, we should look at more scientific and advanced technology, multidisciplinary communication, multidisciplinary integration for visual training to open up more possibilities, for more people to light up a bright.
Starting from the initial development of visual training, this book elaborates on the physiological and neurological basis of visual training, as well as the various categories and rehabilitation categories that have gradually been enriched in the development of the discipline. The chapters are detailed according to the classification of visual training, and the overall organization is clear, thus trying to make it easy for beginners to learn and master. Visual training related points are clearly defined and not repeated, helping readers to answer questions and remember to apply. Guided by the principle of visual training, the book elaborates various targeted methods of visual rehabilitation, which has a certain degree of scientificity and rigor, laying a solid knowledge foundation for the clinical practice of optometry and visual rehabilitation workers.