Not long after the start of school, Xiaoxiaochang's teacher sent another notice in the parent group:
Take care to protect your child's eyesight.
I showed him the teacher's text message to save him from being verbose, but this time the "teacher said" this Shang Fang sword did not seem to be very good, and Xiao Xiaochang came directly:
"Our classmates all said that it would be good to have a minor operation at the age of 18, myopia is not a thing at all!"
At that moment, I was suddenly stunned and speechless.
Because of the epidemic, children have been forced to attend online classes on and off for three years, staring at the screen every day, and many children have developed the habit of holding their mobile phones to watch videos and play games during breaks. According to Xiaoxiaochang, in the new semester, there were two more students wearing glasses in the class, and some students said that they could not see the blackboard clearly and asked to sit forward.
It has long been known that myopia surgery is now quite mature and safe, with short time, fast efficacy, and few sequelae. I have colleagues who say that now even if they are highly myopic, they have a chance to return to normal (later asked the doctor, only to know that this is a misunderstanding of the public, look down specifically!). ）。
Since there is already a way to treat myopia, is it still meaningful for parents to "deliberately" "corns" so that children can protect their eyes day after day?
Yes, that's a question I want to ask too!
Fortunately, I know enough doctors, and I have read many professional books and papers. Let's talk about this problem today!
Expert support: Hong Liang
He graduated from Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University and is currently the attending physician of pediatrics at Beijing United Family Hospital.
He has worked in Beijing Children's Hospital and Beijing Tongren Hospital, with 14 years of clinical experience, and is good at common pediatric diseases
First of all, why protect your eyesight? There are many reasons, but we can't just look at "vision" itself.
01
Even if vision is restored
These regrets in life are also really regrettable
A small surgery can restore our vision, from not being able to see clearly to being able to see clearly, but in the process of myopia, the eyes will undergo many physiological changes, causing us to lose more or less something.
First and foremost, myopia, especially high myopia, greatly increases the risk of fundus disease.
According to a number of authoritative paper data, the probability of suffering from glaucoma, cataracts, retinal detachment, and myopic macular disease will double or more if the degree of myopia is above 600 degrees.
These complications can cause irreversible, severe vision loss and even blindness. If these problems occur, it is not a surgery that can restore vision to normal. For example, retinal detachment, if the operation cannot be performed in time, or the recovery after surgery is not good, the retina cannot be reduced, which can eventually lead to eye atrophy. And these are the biggest dangers of high myopia.
Therefore, if you are really myopic, not only should you not think that "you can do surgery in the future anyway", but you should pay more attention to the habit of using your eyes to avoid deepening myopia.
Second, myopia can limit a child's employment direction.
Many majors have strict requirements for vision, such as naked-eye vision less than 5.0, flight technology, navigation technology and other majors can not apply, naked-eye vision less than 4.8, marine engineering, sports training and other majors can not apply. In addition, there are many sports majors, law majors, and medical majors that require vision.
Even if the vision of surgery meets the standard, it is still easy to leave some sequelae, it may be that the cornea is thin, easy to tear in the wind, or can not adapt to the deep sea environment and can not play the stimulation projects in the playground, etc., and there may be dry eye syndrome or myopia degree rebound. These sequelae affect people's normal work and life, which means that once myopia, the child's range of choices and happiness will be reduced.
The reason why the country currently attaches so much importance to the problem of myopia among adolescents is largely because the general myopia problem of adolescents will affect recruitment, affect national defense and security, and also cause the loss of labor. This is a great regret for both the country and the individual.
Finally, myopia can make people ugly and life is extremely inconvenient.
Many parents have this experience, the speed of growth of the eye axis in the development stage of the child is simply frightening! For example, studies have found that if the eye axis growth rate reaches 0.04 mm per month, it will increase myopia by 100 degrees a year. And when the eye axis is too long, from the outside, you will find that your eyeballs are more and more protruding, looking like a goldfish eye.
Some children are obviously short-sighted, but if they do not intervene in time and wear glasses, they cannot focus normally, cannot see things clearly, and their eyes will appear blank; Or you can't help but look closer, so you can either bow your head or lean forward. After a long time, it is easy to cause deformation of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and compress nerves, in short, can this look good?
Even if you wear glasses, you will face all kinds of embarrassments: for example, in winter, when you exhale your glasses, they will be foggy, or when you run your glasses will fall off. Over time, the skin around the eyes may also experience uneven skin tone.
Summed up, it can be summarized in one sentence: myopia may make the baby ugly. In today's "appearance is justice", this is a hard injury!
Therefore, protecting the eyes as much as possible, not myopia, and low prescription is really much greater than we think.
As parents, we also need to take a long-term view, even if a small surgery can restore vision, but it cannot recover the possible physical damage and health risks caused by it. Therefore, the eyes must still be the best of the original ecology.
Now everyone knows to protect children's eyesight, but many people also have cognitive errors in myopia, such as finding that the child cannot see the eye chart clearly and simply thinking that the child is short-sighted, and quickly go to the optical store to get glasses. But in fact, there are many reasons why children cannot see the eye chart clearly, such as trachoma, red eye, eye injury, vitreous opacity, etc., not necessarily because of the deepening of myopia. At this time, parents should immediately take their children to the hospital to measure the eye axis, do optometric examination, and judge the severity of myopia according to the diopter and corrected vision.
Chang Dad has posted a lot of articles about preventing myopia and protecting his eyesight, and recently read a book called "Eye Protection Strategies for Great Countries", written by an ophthalmologist, which also mentions some prevention and control tips that are highly operable, cost less and do not take up time. I also benefited a lot from reading it, and parents can also take a look at the gaps.
02
Seize the golden period and protect your child's eyes
01
Build a vision profile and pay attention to early warning signs
Many parents have now heard the term "farsighted reserve". Every child is born with a little farsightedness, which is equivalent to heaven giving the child's eyes a deposit. Little by little, the child will slowly spend these savings. If the child uses his eyes excessively and spends the money in advance, his eyes begin to go into debt and form myopia.
Therefore, if we can detect early that children have a tendency to "spend money too quickly", the sooner we can intervene and delay the speed of children's visual development. This means that in addition to regularly monitoring the child's height and weight, it is also necessary to establish an additional vision profile for them.
Vision profiles usually include height, weight, visual acuity, optometry, intraocular pressure, and ocular biometrics (axial eye, corneal curvature, lens thickness, anterior chamber depth, etc.). When the child can cooperate to complete all the examinations after the age of 3 and a half or 4 years old, you can consider filing it.
When the child is 6 years old, it is recommended to have the eye axis measured every 3-6 months.
For children over 8 years old:
01
The growth rate of the eye axis is less than 0.01mm per month, which is called physiological growth and will not increase the degree of myopia;
02
The growth rate of the eye axis is less than 0.02mm, indicating that the control effect is good;
3
The growth rate of the eye axis reaches 0.04mm per month, indicating that the effect is not good, and myopia increases by about 100 degrees per year, and timely adjustment and intervention should be made.
02
"Eating" is easy to overlook, these nutritious eyes like it
First, an excess of sweets can lead to accelerated calcium loss. After the body is deficient in calcium, the scleral elasticity of the eye will decrease, which indirectly leads to the elongation of the eye axis. And sugar metabolism requires a lot of vitamin B1, once the body lacks this vitamin, it may lead to optic neuritis and inability to see clearly. It is recommended to give children whole grains appropriately, which are rich in B vitamins and are friendly to the eyes.
Secondly, do not let the child eat soft food for a long time, the child's chewing action can exercise the facial muscles, but also enhance the strength of the ciliary muscle and the regulatory function of the lens, which also has a protective effect on vision.
In addition, lutein can help the eyes filter blue light, resist ultraviolet rays, and reduce the damage caused by screen radiation to the eyes. Eat more corn, green leafy vegetables, egg yolks and fruits can be supplemented, if you encounter a picky eater, parents need to find a way to give their children extra supplements.
Parents are easy to ignore the important role of food for the eyes, to sum up, to eat less sugar, less soft food, fine grains and coarse grains to eat together, lutein is very important, pay attention to appropriate supplementation.
3
The light is not the brighter the better, it is recommended to change to a full-spectrum light
Sunlight is the most nutritious light, and 4 to 6 hours of outdoor activity a day can effectively protect the eye axis from growing. The closer the lights in your home are to the sun, the more effective eye protection becomes.
In the spectral composition of ordinary LED lamps, the proportion of blue light is much higher than that of sunlight. And the wavelength of blue light is short, and the imaging focus falls in front of the retina, which must be very laborious to see clearly. Over time, it causes eye fatigue, accelerates myopia, and also affects melatonin secretion, making it difficult for babies to fall asleep.
Therefore, it is recommended that parents buy full-spectrum LED light for their children, the light intensity and spectral continuity are closer to sunlight, and it is more friendly to children's vision.
(Household lamp selection criteria: full-spectrum lamp Ra (color rendering index) >90, R9 (saturated red) >90, ceiling lamp illuminance 7w/㎡ or more, desk lamp desktop illuminance 900-1500lux, color temperature 4000K is appropriate.) ）
04
Many adults don't know how important this little action is before going to bed
Children who are sleepy after reading books and homework turn off the lights directly to sleep, this habit is very unfriendly to the eyes - this point we adults should also pay attention to. Studies have shown that if our eyes fall asleep in a relaxed posture, the choroid of the eye will thicken and the eye axis will shorten during sleep, which can effectively prevent and control myopia.
So how exactly do you relax your eyes before going to bed?
Step 1: Adjust the light intensity: Properly dim the light before going to bed to avoid affecting melatonin secretion.
Step 2: Ten minutes before going to bed, guide the child to do some actions that relax the eyes, such as looking far and staring. The easiest way to do this is to have your child stand at the window to find a target point 6 meters away that requires concentration to see clearly, and look at it for a few minutes to relax his eyes.
Step 3: Ensure that the sleep time is not less than 9 hours. Several studies have shown that children who do not sleep less are more likely to be myopic. It may be because less sleep will reduce the quality of sleep, resulting in autonomic dysfunction, abnormal contraction of the ciliary muscle, and the growth of the eye axis; It may also be because the eye pressure level is high due to prolonged eye use, and the intraocular pressure is too short to drop to normal levels, resulting in long-term high pressure of the eyes, which may cause myopia.
05
Online classes are not flood beasts, just control the distance and time
Although children have returned to school, electronic products are still indispensable in their daily life learning. At present, there is no evidence that watching electronic screens will directly cause myopia in children, that is, online classes themselves do not necessarily cause myopia, and the real cause of myopia in children is eye strain.
Therefore, in order to relieve children's eye fatigue, parents should help their children control their eye time. Here's a simple and memorable "20-20-20" rule: Every 20 minutes of close-range eye use (e.g., watching a screen or reading a book, playing Lego, drawing, writing homework, etc.), turn your gaze at least 20 feet (about 6 meters) away for at least 20 seconds.
The second is to choose a screen of the right size for the child, and keep the eyes at an appropriate distance from the screen. Suitable distance for viewing TV = screen diagonal length * 1.6.
Now the width of the study desk on the market basically ranges from 40-60cm, it is recommended to choose a tablet computer with a screen of about 10-16 inches to teach online (you can choose according to the width of your own study desk and the distance of the screen). If the size is too small, the child will easily lose sight of words and increase visual fatigue. Families with conditions can also choose to cast the screen for online classes, which are far away, the screen is large, and it is not easy to see fatigue.
Of course, here it is necessary to emphasize the importance of outdoor sports again. As mentioned earlier, the book "Great Country Eye Protection" pointed out that 4-6 hours of outdoor activities a day can effectively ensure that the eye axis does not grow, but in fact, it is difficult for children to ensure such a long outdoor time every day. Parents should still pay attention to giving their children more than 2 hours of outdoor time as much as possible, including enrolling their children in extracurricular classes and trying to focus on outdoor ones.
The book also provides a lot of advice, so Chang Dad will not repeat them all.
Seeing this, everyone should also find that Chang Dad is talking about myopia prevention and control. Many parents pay attention to their vision after their children begin to see clearly and find myopia, but this is often "making up for it".
The golden period of myopia prevention and control is before the age of 12, when the child's eyes are very plastic. Excessive eye use can easily lead to myopia, but with proper prevention and control methods, there is a great chance that children can slow down the progression of myopia or restore normal vision. After the age of 12, as the eyeballs harden, the same prevention and control methods have little effect.
Therefore, from kindergarten, parents must pay attention to the problem of myopia, give children enough time for outdoor activities, and carefully create a better environment for their children!