My cousin came to visit with her 4-year-old son, and I saw at a glance the glasses the child was wearing. Because of the recent children's online classes at home, I paid special attention to vision problems, always thinking about the end of the epidemic to take my children to the hospital for testing, but I never took action.
My cousin told me that the child's glasses had just been fitted last week. Since the kindergarten was suspended, the child has been following the grandparents. My cousin works at the hospital, which is the county's designated hospital. Although there are no confirmed cases, but there are many people who have returned from other places to isolate, the cousin has been busy and has no time to manage the children.
Grandparents said that children like to play mobile phones at home, mainly to watch vibrato, and cry when they don't let them play. Grandparents think that children can learn some songs when they watch videos, plus children watch videos, they have a lot of time to do other things, and they don't interfere much.
Recently, my cousin found out that the child squinted every time he looked at something, just like the symptoms of myopia. She took the child to the hospital for examination, and found that the child's farsightedness reserves were completely gone, and there was more than 100 degrees of myopia, so she wore glasses.
Seeing this, some readers will ask, what is a farsighted reserve?
01
What is a farsighted reserve?
Hyperopia reserves, in fact, are a self-protection factor of the eyes, so that we are not so quick-sighted.
Hyperopia reserve is the farsighted eye state during the visualization of visual development. Because children's eyeballs are small and their eye shafts are short, hyperopia is common. As the child's eyes grow older, the front and back diameters become longer, and the degree of hyperopia will slowly decrease until it reaches 0. If the car is not braked during development, the eyeball continues to grow longer and develops to myopia.
Hyperopia reserve is the refractive state after dilated pupils, and in general, newborn babies have about 300 degrees of farsightedness. As the child develops, the degree of farsightedness becomes lower and lower, and the average value of about 150 degrees is generally appropriate. If hyperplopia reserves are too high, such as more than 300 degrees, the child may be at risk of amblyopia.
02
How is the farsighted reserve measured?
The farsighted reserve is not a measuring eye chart, which can be determined by measuring the degree of machine. True hyperopia reserves need to be measured after mydriasis. People who have done mydria know that mydriasis is not a comfortable thing.
According to Wang Lingling, a doctor at Peking University Medical School and an ophthalmologist at Zhuozheng Medical, if the child's vision and eye position are not abnormal, the diopter in the natural state is also within the normal range, and there is no need to do mydriasis to obtain a true farsighted reserve degree.
Wang Lingling said that clinically many children from the age of 3 to primary school, the refractive examination degree has always been around 25 degrees, not necessarily every year will decline. Because the reserve of hyperopia is related to the development of the overall eyeball, including the anterior and posterior diameter of the eye, the steepness and flatness of the cornea, and the depth of the front.
However, if the child's vision is obviously abnormal, parents must pay attention to it, take the child to a professional eye hospital for examination in time, detect and treat early, and prevent the child's vision from deteriorating further.
03
During the online lesson, the child's vision should be protected in this way
Many parents have such an understanding, wearing glasses will make the child's myopia more and more serious, even if the child's myopia degree has been more serious, parents are still reluctant to let the child wear glasses. In fact, this perception is wrong.
Change the misconception: the more you wear the eyes, the more myopia is worse?
Hong Hui, deputy chief doctor of the Department of Ophthalmology of Beijing Friendship Hospital, said that the growth of myopia is not worn by wearing glasses, it is related to children's growth and development, eye habits, genetics and other factors. If the glasses are worn properly and pay attention to eye hygiene, the growth of myopia will be relatively slow.
For children, myopia of about 100 degrees, you can wear glasses when looking at the blackboard, writing homework, outdoor activities can not wear, but above 200 degrees must insist on wearing. Because once children are myopic, especially more than 200 degrees, if they do not wear it regularly, myopia may grow faster. Adults with low-grade myopia, glasses are swollen, astringent, and blurred vision should also wear glasses frequently.
Two principles for preventing myopia
Dr. Wang Lingling introduced that there are two principles for preventing myopia: controlling close working hours and increasing the time for outdoor activities during the day.
Specifically, the time to watch the electronic screen is controlled within 20 minutes; the correct sitting posture, suitable distance and light should be used to write homework, and rest every 20 minutes; increase the outdoor activity time during the day, at least 2 hours a day.
In view of the children's online classes at home during the epidemic period, the National Health Commission organized relevant experts such as the School of Public Health of Anhui Medical University and the Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention to formulate guidelines for the prevention of myopia in children and adolescents during the new crown pneumonia epidemic.
The content of the whole guide is relatively long, and I have excerpted the points that are more practical and closely related to children as follows for the reference of parents.
1. Selection and placement requirements for electronic products
Choose as large a screen electronic product as possible, prioritizing projectors, TVs, desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones.
Electronic products with high screen resolution and appropriate clarity should be selected.
When using electronics, adjust the brightness to feel comfortable in the eyes, not too bright or too dark.
The placement should be avoided from direct sunlight from windows and lights, and the screen side should be facing the window to prevent screen reflections from irritating the eyes.
When using a projector, the viewing distance should be more than 3 meters; when using a TV, the viewing distance should be more than 4 times the diagonal distance of the screen; when using a computer, the viewing distance should be more than 50 cm (about an arm's length).
When electronic products (such as computers) are placed, they should be placed at the top of the screen at eye level.
2. Classroom posture and relaxation style
When watching the screen to listen to the lesson, you can keep the shoulders relaxed, the upper back extended, the upper arms and forearms at a 90-degree angle, the wrists relaxed, and breathe regularly.
When watching the video screen to write homework, the reading and writing posture should be "one foot, one punch, one inch": the eyes are about one foot (about 30 centimeters) away from the book, the body is about one punch away from the desk, and the fingers holding the pen are about one inch away from the tip of the pen.
Don't study on the screen while lying in bed or on the couch.
Continuous video learning time exceeds 20-30 minutes, with at least 10 minutes of active rest.
During the video screen learning process, consciously close your eyes slightly, open your eyes, rotate your eyes up and down, left and right, and relax your eyes.
After online learning, stretch your waist and arms, you can walk indoors, do gymnastics, squat exercises, sit-ups, etc.; do eye exercises after cleaning your hands; stand in front of the window, balcony or door, and look out into the distance (more than 6 meters).
During home isolation, you can soak up the sun from the balcony, by the window or in your own backyard and be exposed to natural light.
3. Arrange your life reasonably and pay attention to eye hygiene.
Ensure adequate sleep time every day, and should reach 10 hours for primary school students, 9 hours for junior high school students, and 8 hours for high school students.
Let the child assist the parents in doing the right amount of housework, such as cleaning, tidying up the room, washing dishes, cooking, etc.
Arrange children to carry out outdoor activities in the community, carry out activities such as jumping rope, shooting ball, playing badminton, and aerobics.
Wash your hands before and after eating and after going out to go home, use the "7-step handwashing method" and ensure more than 20 seconds.
No need to rub your eyes with your hands.
If the eyes appear dry, foreign body feeling, burning, itching, photophobia, red eyes, eye pain and other symptoms, you should stop the video screen behavior. If symptoms do not resolve, go to the hospital if necessary.
When children are found to have symptoms related to myopia, such as crooked vision, frequent squinting and squeezing of the eyes, they should rest and exercise at the right time, and if necessary, go to the hospital for treatment.
The above is about children's vision I have consulted some of the information, I hope to help you.