Recently, the cold air has suddenly struck, the country has cooled down in a large area, and the shivering cold has been carried to shelves across the country and continues to be shipped.
Cold and cold... This is a unique taste of winter, but it also brings people unexpected health risks.
Every year near the winter solstice, the number nine has not yet begun, but has entered the high incidence of cerebrovascular disease, there are hypertension, high blood sugar, high blood lipids three high symptoms or has been diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease of the elderly should be more vigilant, high vigilance, beware of cerebral stroke to stare at you!
One. In the winter, the old man who got up early in the park in the morning exercise just warmed up and fell down and was paralyzed
Aunt Kong (pseudonym), a 62-year-old Beijing aunt, got up early as usual these two days.
The sky was not yet bright, and it was not yet 6 o'clock, and Aunt Kong asked the old partners of the community to go to the park to pat and exercise together. Without thinking, when she first started to warm up, she felt that she had no strength, half of her body did not seem to listen to the call, and her face became whiter and whiter.
The companions saw the situation and quickly called 120 to send her to the hospital, and the result was diagnosed with "acute stroke". The doctor immediately took the green channel for treatment.
After the doctor's rescue, Aunt Kong fortunately survived the dangerous period, but left serious sequelae - hemiplegia, eating and coughing.
"I exercised as usual, how did I have a stroke all of a sudden?" Lying on the hospital bed, Aunt Kong was full of doubts.
In fact, every year to winter, from the perspective of hospital admissions, the incidence of stroke is much higher than in other seasons.
Winter weather becomes cold, the temperature is low, cold air stimulates the human body, easy to cause sympathetic abnormal excitement, and then cause spasmodic contraction of capillaries throughout the body, increased peripheral resistance to blood circulation, and aggravated left ventricle and brain load, resulting in increased blood pressure. At this time, platelets are also easily agglutinated to form blood clots.
In addition, the cold winter is also easy to lead to endocrine system disorders, increased secretion of chemical media such as catecholamines in the body, increased blood viscosity, and shortened blood coagulation time, further promoting increased blood pressure and thrombosis.
It is worth mentioning that especially in the middle-aged and elderly, due to the decline in physiological function, the adaptability, stress and resistance to changes in the external environment are reduced, and stroke is more likely to occur.
Moreover, the sudden cooling of the weather makes the blood pressure of many elderly people rise, which may also lead to the rupture of the aneurysm hidden in the brain and the occurrence of "cerebral hemorrhage".
Two. The elderly speak unfavorably so vigilantly may be a precursor to stroke
"The disease of stroke, like a man in the middle of a stone, suddenly comes."
Stroke, also known in medicine as stroke, is a group of diseases with cerebral ischemia and symptoms of hemorrhagic injury as the main clinical manifestations, divided into hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke - "cerebral hemorrhage" and "cerebral infarction". Of these, about 80 percent of strokes are cerebral infarction.
Stroke has become one of the leading causes of death among mainland residents. In addition to causing death, most stroke survivors are left with disabilities of varying degrees, placing a severe financial burden on society and families and being the most important factor in returning to poverty due to illness.
At present, stroke remains the number one cause of death and disability among adults on the mainland. According to the latest epidemiological survey data released by the Chinese Stroke Society, there are 14.94 million stroke patients in the mainland, and 3.3 million new cases occur every year. Stroke is generally common in middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 to 70 years. [1]
A study published in the journal STROKE showed that for every minute a stroke patient delayed treatment, 1.9 million nerve cells died, resulting in 14 billion synapses and 7.5 miles of nerve fiber loss. Every hour of delay in treatment will age the brain for 3.6 years [2].
After a stroke, cells in the brain lose their blood, oxygen and nutrient supplies, eventually causing damage or death to the cells, which in turn affects activity and speech function, and even hemiplegia or even death.
Three. Early identification after a stroke is comparable to gold!
After acute cerebral infarction occurs, the key to treatment is time. If within the 4.5-hour golden time window, the elderly can receive intravenous thrombolysis or initiate thrombolytic therapy, the risk of death and disability of the patient will be greatly reduced!
The two treatments have different indications, but either way, the sooner the treatment, the better.
Read more about the medical code: how to treat stroke?
Therefore, early identification of stroke is very important, and the internationally accepted "FAST" method is generally recommended.
"FAST" method
F (Face): Can I smile, have crooked corners of my mouth, have an asymmetrical face, and can't smile normally?
A (Arm): Can I raise my hands smoothly? Is there a hand that is weak or cannot be lifted at all, and the limb is numb and weak?
S (Speech): Can you speak fluently or repeatedly, and have difficulty speaking or ambiguity?
T(Time): If one of the above three items exists, clearly record the time of onset and immediately call the emergency number 120, and get medical treatment early.
If you want to grab time, the family should remember the "FAST" judgment, in short, you can also remember this phrase to identify the symptoms of cerebral infarction: the mouth is crooked with vague speech, and the arm is not lifted to the hospital.
Dial 120 at the first time, and the earlier the time of thrombolysis or thrombolysis, the less likely it is to leave sequelae.
When dialing 120, indicate that it is a stroke so that the emergency room can prepare for rescue. In the process of waiting for 120, let the patient lie flat, turn his head sideways, do not drink water and eat, and do not casually feed the patient medication so as not to aggravate the condition or even suffocate.
Four. How to prevent stroke in the cold winter remember these "three meanings" and "thirty million"
How to minimize the risk of stroke in the elderly like Aunt Kong? Remember this "three wants, three don'ts" principle:
"Three Meanings"
1. Pay attention to having a good lifestyle habit
When the weather is suddenly cold, pay attention to keep warm, have a regular life schedule, combine work and leisure, and avoid excessive fatigue;
Do not smoke, do not drink too much alcohol, do not stay up late, exercise reasonably, eat a balanced diet with low salt and low fat, and eat more fish, vegetables and fruits.
2. Pay attention to regular examination of cerebral blood vessels
Elderly people with multiple risk factors should regularly go to the cerebrovascular disease specialist clinic for cerebrovascular examination.
3. Care about the elderly around you
Elderly stroke patients should closely monitor blood pressure at the turn of the season to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents caused by excessive fluctuations in blood pressure.
"Thirty million"
1. Physically and emotionally do not "one cold and one hot"
Cerebrovascular disease, the most afraid of a cold and a hot stimulus, so to do a good job of keeping warm, to avoid suddenly from a cold place to a hot place.
For example, soaking in hot springs in winter, from outdoor to indoor, pay attention to the temperature difference. Don't be hot or cold in your mood, and avoid mood swings.
Many elderly people are accustomed to morning exercise, which is actually more dangerous. Especially in winter, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, and suddenly being in a cold outdoor can easily induce vasoconstriction and form blood clots.
Therefore, morning exercises are best scheduled to be held after 10 a.m. It is also possible to exercise at three or four o'clock in the afternoon, when the oxygen content in the air is more sufficient and more beneficial to health. Aerobics, tai chi, brisk walking, etc. are all good ways to exercise. Blind over-exercise may also induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular problems.
2. The elderly should not get up too violently
When people sleep, blood pressure is relatively low, just wake up, blood pressure will rise rapidly, especially some of the hypertensive elderly with morning peak phenomenon, get up too fast, too strong, may cause a sudden increase in blood pressure and cause serious diseases such as cerebrovascular rupture, there are also some hypertensive elderly people will have insufficient cerebral blood supply, dizziness or syncope.
Therefore, it is recommended that the elderly do "three minutes" when they get up: lie on the bed for one minute first, stretch their waists; sit up and lean on the head of the bed for one minute; wait for another minute when their legs are drooping, so that the heartbeat is accelerated and the brain blood supply is improved.
3. The elderly must not defecate too hard
The bathroom is also a high-risk area for stroke. Stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction can occur in patients with cerebrovascular disease and poorly controlled hypertension. Therefore, the elderly with cerebrovascular diseases should not defecate too hard. If you can line it up, don't force it out, and it is taboo to defecate hard.
Those elderly people with poor bowel movements should eat more vegetables and fruits, drink more water, and exercise more to keep their stools unobstructed. If the conditioning effect is not good, you can take some drugs under the guidance of a doctor to help the elderly defecate smoothly.
bibliography
[1] "Chinese Stroke Prevention and Control Report 2018", Chinese Journal of Circulation, February 2019, Vol. 34, No. 2.
[2] “Time is Brain – Quantified”, (2005) Jeffrey L. Saver, MD., UCLA Stroke Center.
*The pictures in this article are from The Station Cool Hero.
*The content of this article is a popularization of health knowledge and cannot be used as a specific diagnosis and treatment recommendation, nor is it a substitute for face-to-face consultation by a practicing physician, for reference only.
*The copyright of this article belongs to Tencent Medical Code, unauthorized media reprinting is prohibited, and illegal reprinting will be investigated for legal responsibility according to law. Individuals are welcome to forward to the circle of friends.